A Small Basic Approach There are many different PC programming languages available on the market. Some have beautiful names; some have easy to use development tools. Others have incredible power. They all have one thing in common: they assume that you have, or want to have, a knack for technology and difficult to read commands. In this book we take a practical approach to programming. We assume that you simply want to write a PC program, and write it quickly. Not in a professional environment, not in order to start a new career, but for plain and simple fun... or just to get a task done. Therefore we use Small Basic. You will have an application up and running in a matter of minutes. You will understand exactly how it works and be able to write text programs, graphical user interfaces, and advanced drivers. It is so simple; you don't even need to be an adult!

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The Whadda 3D Xmas Tree Kit is aimed at hobbyists and beginners who are interested in soldering and electronics. With this DIY kit, you can build a festive LED Christmas tree. Features 16 flashing red LEDs Extra green and yellow LEDs provided to customise your tree Can be hung on and fed through wires Will operate on 12 V DC (e.g. in cars) Specifications Low power consumption 8 mA Power supply 9 V battery operation (not included) Dimensions 102 x 88 x 80 mm Weight 65 g Downloads Manual

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The OWON HDS120 is a precise 4½-digit True RMS multimeter (20,000 counts), ideal for professionals, makers, and students. It offers intelligent probe detection, automatic waveform measurements (Vmax, Vmin, Vp-p, Vavg, Vrms, and frequency) and a fully featured handheld oscilloscope (1 MHz). Features Multifunctional Measuring Instrument: 4½-digit Multimeter + Oscilloscope Automatic Waveform Measurements: Including Vmax, Vmin, Vp-p, Vavg, Vrms, and frequency. User-Friendly Design: Clearly labeled keys for easy operation and increased device lifespan. Intelligent Probe Detection: Automatically switches measurement functions based on the probe insertion, effectively preventing instrument damage caused by incorrect operation. Efficient Energy Management: Powered by 18650 lithium batteries, ensuring longer operating time and enhanced reliability for extended measurement tasks. Safe High-Voltage Measurement: Complies with CAT Ⅲ 1000 V standards, allowing safe and direct measurement of high-voltage waveforms up to 1000 V, broadening application possibilities. High-Definition Display: Features a 2.8-inch IPS screen with a wide viewing angle, ensuring clear readability from any perspective. Adaptive Environmental Display: High-brightness and high-contrast dual-theme display modes provide optimal visibility under bright and low-light conditions, improving overall usability. Multimeter Specifications Measurement Range Accuracy DC Voltage (V) 20.000mV / 200.00mV / 2.0000V / 20.000V / 200.00V / 1000.0V ±(0.1%+5dig） AC Voltage (V) 20.000mV / 200.00mV / 6.0000V / 60.000V / 600.00V / 750.00V ±(0.6%+10dig) DC Current (A) 200.00uA / 2000.0uA / 20.000mA / 200.00mA / 2.0000A / 10.000A ±(0.5%+10dig) AC Current (A) 200.00uA / 2000.0uA / 20.000mA / 200.00mA / 2.0000A / 10.000A ±(0.8%+10dig) Resistance (Ω) 200.00Ω / 2.0000kΩ / 20.000kΩ / 200.00KΩ / 2.0000MΩ / 20.000MΩ / 100.00MΩ ±(0.3%+5dig) Capacitance (F) 2.000nF / 20.00nF / 200.0nF / 2.000μF / 20.00μF / 200.0μF / 2.000mF / 20.00mF ±(3.0%+10dig) Frequency (Hz) 200.00Hz / 2.0000kHz / 20.000kHz / 200.00kHz / 2.0000MHz / 20.000MHz ±(0.1%+5dig) Duty Cycle 0.1%~99.9% (typical value: Vrms=1V, f=100Hz) ±(1.2%+3dig) 0.1%~99.9% (≥1kHz) ±(2.5%+10dig) Diode 3.0000V ±(1.0%+10dig) On-Off 1000.0Ω Display 20000 Oscilloscope Specifications Analog bandwidth 1 MHz (only ACV scale) Channel 1 Time base range 2.5us~10s/grid Voltage vertical sensitivity range 30 mV~500 V/grid Vertical amplitude accuracy ±(5% + 0.2div） Maximum voltage limit 1000 V DC+AC Peak value Trigger mode Auto/Normal/Single Auto set Time base/Vertical amplitude/Trigger value Maximum sample 5.0 MSa/s Input impedance ≈10 MΩ Time base accuracy ±(0.01% + 0.1div） Current vertical sensitivity range 100 μA~5 A/grid Measurement function Vmax, Vmin, Vp-p, Vavg, Vrms, Hz Maximum current limit 15 A DC+AC Peak value Trigger edge Rise edge/Fall edge General Specifications Display 2.8" LCD (320 x 240) Low battery indication Yes Backlight Yes Sleep Mode Yes Input Protection Yes Relative Measurement Yes Input Impedance ≥10 MΩ Battery 18650 Lithium Safety Compliance CAT III 1000V Dimensions 93 x 41.5 x 188 mm Weight 0.35 kg Included 1x OWON HDS120 Multimeter & Oscilloscope 2x Multimeter leads 1x USB cable 1x Storage bag 1x Manual Downloads Datasheet Manual

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This book is about advanced programming of the Raspberry Pi computer using the Python programming language. The book explains in simple terms and with examples: How to configure the Raspberry Pi computer; How to install and use the Linux operating system and the desktop; How to write advanced programs using the Python programming language; How to use graphics in our programs; How to develop hardware based projects using the Raspberry Pi. The book starts with an introduction to the Raspberry Pi computer and covers the topics of purchasing all the necessary accessories and installing and operating the Linux operating system in command mode. The network interface of the RPi is explained in simple steps, demonstrating how the computer can be accessed remotely from a desktop or a laptop computer. The remaining parts of the book cover the Python programming language in detail, including advanced topics such as operating system calls, multitasking, interprocess synchronization and interprocess communication techniques. The important topic of network programming using UDP and TCP protocols is described with working examples. The Tkinter graphical user interface module (GUI) is described in detail with example widgets and programs. The last part of the book includes hardware projects based on using the advanced programming topics such as multitasking and interprocess communication techniques. All the projects given in the book have been fully tested and are working. Complete program listings of all projects are provided with detailed explanations.

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This book is about the Raspberry Pi 3 computer and its use in various control and monitoring applications. The book explains in simple terms and with tested and working example projects, how to configure the Raspberry Pi 3 computer, how to install and use the Linux operating system, and how to write hardware based applications programs using the Python programming language. The nice feature of this book is that it covers many Raspberry Pi 3 based hardware projects using the latest hardware modules such as the Sense HAT, Swiss Pi, MotoPi, Camera module, and many other state of the art analog and digital sensors. An important feature of the Raspberry Pi 3 is that it contains on-board Bluetooth and Wi-Fi modules. Example projects are given in the book on using the Wi-Fi and the Bluetooth modules to show how real-data can be sent to the Cloud using the Wi-Fi module, and also how to communicate with an Android based mobile phone using the Bluetooth module. The book is ideal for self-study, and is intended for electronic/electrical engineering students, practising engineers, research students, and for hobbyists. It is recommended that the book should be followed in the given Chapter order. Over 30 projects are given in the book. All the projects in the book are based on the Python programming language and they have been fully tested. Full program listings of every project are given in the book with comments and full descriptions. Experienced programmers should find it easy to modify and update the programs to suit their needs. The following sub-headings are given for each project to make it as easy as possible for the readers to follow the projects: Project title Description Aim of the project Raspberry Pi type Block diagram Circuit diagram Program listing

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The field of digital electronics is central to modern technology. This e-book presents fundamental circuits using gates, flip-flops and counters from the CMOS 4000 Series. Each of the 50 experiments has a circuit diagram as well as a detailed illustration of the circuit’s construction on solderless breadboard. Learning these fundamentals is best done using practical experiments. Building these digital circuits will improve your knowledge and will be fun to boot. Many of the circuits presented here have practical real-life applications. With a good overview of the field, you’ll be well equipped to find simple and cost-effective solutions for any application. The e-book is targeted essentially at students, trainees and anyone with an interest in and requiring an introduction to digital control electronics. Moreover, the knowledge gleaned here is the foundation for further projects in the field of microcontrollers and programming.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Low-Noise Lab Power Supply (1)A Quiet Source for Sensitive Circuits STM32 Edge AI Contest 2025: The Winners Batteries TodayTechnology and Differences in Lithium Batteries Adjustable Electronic LoadStatic + Dynamic DC Load Step-Down Converter from 48 V to 5 VThe Story of Circuit Development Autonomous Sensor Node v2.0Part 2: Hardware Validation and Power Optimizations VaristorsPeculiar Parts, the Series Graphical Grid Frequency MeterMonitor Grid Quality Starting Out in Electronics……Brings Its Own End Peak Current Load SMD FerritesMore Resilient Against Current Peaks Elektor Live! Expert Day 2025 Energy Harvesting Set to Accelerate IoT and IIoT Use CasesHow Energy Harvesting Frees IoT from the Grid Fnirsi DPS-150Compact and Portable Power Supply and Converter Adjustable USB-C Power SourceTurn Your USB-C Charger Into an Adjustable Power Supply Simple Charger and Capacity TesterWith Two Cheap “Off-the-Shelf” Modules Smart Color Detector with AI Voice and Playback PbMonitor v2.0Introduction to the Updated Battery Monitoring System A Fan for the Mini Reflow PlateSmart Modifications That Improve Results From Life’s ExperienceThe Tsunami of Indulgence Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters 2026: An AI OdysseyWhen Models Start Dictating the Hardware Precision Picoammeter (2)Assembling, Calibration, and Test Wireless Device Poweringwith Inductive Technology AI-Based Autonomous DrivingThe RDW’s Self Driving Challenge 2024 Sound Card as Signal GeneratorPC as DCF77 Test Transmitter

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Features Internal LNA amplifier and selectable attenuator Low frequency support from 50KHz covering LF, MF, HF, VHF and UHF up to 960Mhz New HELP and SET buttons to improve user interface and configuration selection with 2-clicks Wide band coverage to all popular sub-1Ghz bands, including FM, TV and DTV, ISM, RFID, GSM, etc. Ideal choice for HAM bands from 160meters to 33cm Pocket size and light weight Solid metal case Spectrum Analyzer mode with Peak Max and Hold, Normal, Overwrite and Averaging modes High capacity internal Lithium battery for 20hs+ of continuous run, rechargeable by USB Multi-platform Windows/Linux/MacOS Open Source software and API libraries Can be extended with internal Expansion Modules for additional band and functionality Specifications Frequency band: 0.05 MHz - 960 MHz Frequency span: 0.1 MHz - 960 MHz Internal selectable LNA 25 dB gain Internal selectable Attenuator 30 dB Graphics LCD 128 x 64 pixels, great visibility outdoors Support included for Windows, Linux and MacOS X Backlight for great visibility indoor Internal Lithium Ion 1800mA/h rechargeable battery Standard SMA 50 Ω connector Wideband 144/433MHz dual band telescopic antenna included UHF 400-900 MHz rubber duck articulated antenna included Amplitude resolution: 0.5dBm Dynamic range: -125 dBm to 10 dBm Absolute Max input power: +30dBm Average noise level (typical LNA): -125 dBm Frequency stability and accuracy (typical): +-10 ppm Amplitude stability and accuracy (typical): +-2d Bm Frequency resolution: 1kHz Resolution bandwidth (RBW): automatic 2.6 kHz to 600 kHz Included 1x RF Explorer WSUB1G+ Spectrum Analyzer 1x Mini USB cable 1x Dual band 144/430MHz Telescopic antenna 1x UHF 400-900Mhz antenna 1x EVA case

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Features Bandwidth: DC-800 KHz Maximum measurable current: 100 Apk (70.7 Arms) Max. conductor diameter: 13 mm Auto & Manual "Zero" function Directly powered by USB port Standard BNC interface, compatible with any oscilloscope Specifications Bandwidth DC-800 KHz Rise time <= 583 ns Ranges 10 A / 100 A Output sensitivity 0.1 V/A (10 A) 0.01 V/A (100 A) DC accuracy 3% ±50 mA (10 A) 4% ±50 mA (100 A, 500 mA - 40 Apk) 15% (100 A, 40 Apk -100 Apk) Signal delay < 150 ns (10 A) < 200ns (100 A) Current measurement range 50 mA - 10 Apk (10 A) 1 A - 100 Apk (100 A) Max. Voltage CAT III 300 V CAT II 600 V Power supply DC 5 V Downloads Quick Guide Datasheet Manual

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The FNIRSI GC-03 is a multifunctional radiation detector designed for professional nuclear radiation measurement in everyday environments such as the home, office, car, and outdoors. Equipped with a 2.4-inch high-definition color display, it provides real-time monitoring of nuclear radiation as well as electric and magnetic field strength. For added safety, the device features three alarm modes: audible alert, vibration, and visual light warning. Features 3-in-1 Detection: Monitors electric, magnetic, and nuclear radiation with one device. High-Precision GM Tube: Accurately detects gamma, X-rays, and hard beta radiation with low power consumption. Real-Time Curve + 50 Alarm Records: Tracks radiation trends and stores alarm history for easy review. Custom Triple Alarms: Supports visual, audible, and vibration alerts with adjustable thresholds. Long Battery Life: 1500 mAh battery for extended and reliable field use. Specifications Nuclear Radiation Range: 0.01μSv/h-999.99μSv/h Accuracy: 0.01μSv/h Electric Field Range: 1V/m-1999V/m Accuracy: 1V/m Magnetic Field Range: 0.01μT-99.99μT Accuracy: 0.01μT Radiation Power 0.2-1000mW/m² Detection Radiation Type Ionizing radiation (gamma rays, etc.) Detector Energy compensation GM tube (Geiger counter tube) Dose Current Rate 0.00-10000μSv/h (10mSv/h) Cumulative Dose Equivalent 0.00μSv-500.0mSv Energy Range 48keV-1.5MeV ≤ ±30% (for 137Cs-) Sensitivity 80CPM/μSv Dose Unit μSv/h, uGy/h, mR/h, CPS, CPM Alarm Mode Light, vibration, sound Display 2.4-inch color screen Backlight Brightness Adjustable Power Supply USB-C (5 V/1 A) Battery 1500 mAh Languages English, Chinese Dimensions 138 x 63 x 32 mm Weight 141 g Included 1x FNIRSI GC-03 Radiation Detector 1x USB cable 1x Manual Downloads Manual Firmware v1.0.4

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High-quality soldering with the most important tools and consumables, ideal for universal soldering applications. Features Power unit, 1 channel 1-channel Soldering Station digital 90 W (95 W) WTP 90: The soldering iron for universal use with power response tips. Tip family XNT & THM (high mass tips) Lock function Specifications Dimensions W x D x H (mm): 149 x 138 x 101 Dimensions W x D x H (inch): 5.87 x 5.43 x 3.98 Weight (ca) in kg: 1.9 Channels: 1 Voltage: 230 V, 50/60 Hz Heating output: 90 W (95 W) Temperature accuracy °C: ±9 Display: Backlit LCD Temperature range: Adjustable from 50°C - 450°C (150°F - 850°C)Adjustable temperature range varies among tools Temperature stability °C: ±2 Temperature accuracy °F: ±17 Temperature stability °F: ±4 Temperature range (depends on tool) °C: 100-450 Temperature range (depends on tool) °F: 150-850 Equipotential balance: yes Fuse: 0,5 A WT compatible: yes ESD-safe: yes Power cord: EMEA

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You can use RF Explorer 3G Combo equally well outdoor and indoor, and you can also connect it to a PC for extra functionality using standard mini-USB 2.0 connector. This model includes a WSUB1G baseline unit plus an RFEMWSUB3G Expansion Module conveniently assembled and tested. It comes with two SMA connectors and two antennas,a dual band telescopic 144 / 430 MHz antenna for all Sub-GHz frequencies and a whip helical antenna for 2.4 GHz band. Additional, specific band antennas may be needed to cover efficiently some of the frequencies supported. The combination of these two models offer the wide band coverage of the WSUB3G module, together with the highest sensitivity and quick response of the WSUB1G model for the popular sub-1GHz frequencies. Features Pocket size and light weight Solid aluminum metal case Includes a transport EVA carry case for RF Explorer Spectrum Analyzer mode with Peak Max and Hold, Normal, Overwrite and Averaging modes Lifetime free firmware upgrades available, open to community requested features High capacity Lipo for 16 hours+ of continuous run, rechargeable by USB Windows PC client Open Source Can be extended with internal Expansion Modules for additional band and functionality Wide band coverage to all popular RF frequencies, starting at 15 MHz and going up to 2.7 GHz. This includes very interesting frequency areas such as 2 m HAM radio, all VHF and UHF, FM radio, GPS, WiFi and WiMax, Bluetooth, etc. Firmware: RF Explorer 3G Combo is delivered with upgraded firmware v1.09. Note some of the features and operation accuracy will be improved in upcoming free firmware revisions. Specifications Battery Lithium Cells / Batteries contained in equipment UN3481 - PI967 Frequency band 15-2700 MHz Frequency span 112 KHz - 600 MHz Graphics LCD 128 x 64 pixels, great visibility outdoors PC Windows client supports Windows XP/Vista/Win7 both 32 and 64bits Backlight for great indoor visibility 2 standard SMA 50 ohms connector, one for Sub-GHz wideband Nagoya NA-773 telescopic antenna included and another 2.4 GHz one for 15-2700 MHz band with helical antenna included. Amplitude resolution 0.5 dBm Dynamic range Left SMA port (WSUB1G) -115 dBm to 0 dBm Right SMA port (WSUB3G) -110 dBm to -10 dBm Absolute Max input power Left SMA port (WSUB1G) +5 dBm Right SMA port (WSUB3G) +30 dBm Average noise level (typical) -110 dBm Frequency stability and accuracy (typical) +-10 ppm Amplitude stability and accuracy (typical) +-6 dBm Frequency resolution 1 KHz Resolution bandwidth (RBW) automatic 3 KHz to 600 KHz Weight 185 g Size 113 x 70 x 25 mm Included RF Explorer 3G Combo Nagoya NA-773 wideband telescopic antenna 2.4 GHz band antenna EVA Case Documentation For more info and to get started with your RF Explorer, visit the start page. For questions and support, please visit https://support.rf-explorer.com

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The UT8803E is a portable, AC-powered 3⅚ digital multimeter with 6000 counts with automatic measuring range and large display with backlight. The UT8803E can be used to measure AC/DC voltage, AC/DC current, resistance, frequency, capacitance, inductance, triode (HFE), diode (LED), thyristor (SCR), and on-off switching. Features Extreme value and reference value operation, with analog bargraph Multiple measurement parameters optional D/Q parameters of capacitance and inductance can be measured Measurement resolution 3.5-inch, maximum measurement value 5999 Specifications Measurement Resolution 3⅚, Maximum Measurement Value 5999 Measurement Rate 2-3 measurements/s DC Voltage Range 600 mV~1000 V DC Current Range 600 µA~20 A AC Voltage Range 600 mV~750 V (True RMS) AC Current Range 600 µA~20 A (True-RMS) Resistance Range 600 Ω~60 MΩ Capacitance Range 6 nF~60 mF Inductance Range 600 µH~100 H Frequency Measurement Range 600 Hz~20 MHz Duty Cycle Measurement Range 5%~95% Mathematical Operation Maximum, minimum, relative value, trend chart Interface USB device (can be connected to the upper computer control software) Frequency response 100 KHz Downloads Datasheet User Manual Programming Manual Software

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Elektor Magazine EN May/June 2020 (PDF)

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Elektor Magazine EN January/February 2020 (PDF)

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PIO Programming on the Raspberry Pi PicoNine Instructions, Many Possibilities Breaking AI Out of the BrowserUsing AI CLIs to Code, Compile, and Validate Embedded Projects The Scrutiny DebuggerDebug, Visualize, and Test Embedded C/C++ Code Sigfox Breakout Board (1)A Self-Built Radio BoB Low-Noise Power Supply (2)Construction, Assembly, and Practical Implementation Simple Signal Generator Using the RP2040Analog and Digital Signals for Around €10 Navigating the Future of Smart Homes with Matter and Edge AIAre Matter’s Latest Updates and the Rise of Edge AI Finally Giving Engineers the Tools to Build the Intelligent, Seamless Smart Homes Users Have Been Promised? Differential Pressure SensorsPredictive Maintenance in HVAC-Systems Security by DesignEngineering Fundamentals Limit Failure Embedded Security Is No Longer Optional CRA and PQC Are Rewriting Embedded Security PrioritiesWhy Even Small IoT and Industrial Firms Need an Upgrade Plan embedded world 2026An Interview With Benedikt Weyerer, Executive Director of embedded world Hands on with I3CUsing Hardware from ST and Microchip The BLEnky ProjectRapid Prototyping of Bluetooth Low Energy Applications Pulse Width ModulationFrom a Simple On/Off Thermostat to a Smoothed DC Analog Signal AudiotronicsEar-Pleasing Electronics for DIY Construction From Life’s ExperienceRead The F...ing Manual! ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 4)Tuning the Clocks - And a Wired Option 2026: An AI OdysseyThe 2025 Vibe-Coding Hangover Symmetrical DC LoadDC Load, Static or Dynamic, and Symmetrical Counting Faces with MaixCAMAn Easy Way to Capture Audience Sizes

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The Raspberry Pi is a $35 credit-card sized computer with many applications, such as in desktop computing, audio and video playback, and as a controller in many industrial, commercial and domestic applications. This book is about the Raspberry Pi computer and its use in control applications. The book explains in simple terms, with examples, how to configure the RPi, how to install and use the Linux operating system, how to write programs using the Python programming language and how to develop hardware based projects. The book starts with an introduction to the Raspberry Pi computer and covers the topics of purchasing all the necessary equipment and installing/using the Linux operating system in command mode. Use of the user-friendly graphical desktop operating environment is explained using example applications. The RPi network interface is explained in simple steps and demonstrates how the computer can be accessed remotely from a desktop or a laptop computer. The remaining parts of the book cover the Python programming language, hardware development tools, hardware interface details, and RPi based hardware projects. All the 23 projects given in the book have been tested and are working. The following headings are given for each project: Project title Project description Project block diagram Project circuit diagram Project program description using the Program Description Language (PDL) Complete program listing Description of the program The book is ideal for self-study, and is intended for electronic/electrical engineering students, practising engineers, research students, and hobbyists.

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The Piccolino rapid development board can be used to design microcontroller circuits quickly. The Piccolino has a fast 16f887 PIC microcontroller, voltage regulator, and communications module, and can be easily extended using its four headers. This e-book contains 30 projects based on the Piccolino. We'll use its unique communications facilities and get the Piccolino to communicate with programs on a PC. On the PC, we use the free programming language Small Basic. You can use this to create Windows programs with buttons and graphs quickly. You will learn how to analyze components such as inductors, capacitors, and OPAMPs, and how to display the measurement results in a graphical format. This will help you to design your circuits easily. We will then start to adapt to the Piccolino. We'll add components to it to make it more powerful, with extra features such as flow control and digital to analog conversion. The clear instructions will enable you to design and build your adaptations. This way you can make your custom designed Piccolino. We'll end up making an extension: a PCB that that can be mounted on the Piccolino headers. As an example, we'll design and build an extension for an LCD. You can use the included board layout to make your PCB or have it made for you. At the same time, you will learn how to make your extensions. The only limitation is your imagination! The clear descriptions along with circuit diagrams and photos, will make the building of these projects an enjoyable experience. Each project has a clear explanation of the reasons why it was designed in a particular way. This helps you learn a lot about the Piccolino, as well as Small Basic, and the components that are used in this e-book. You can adapt the projects to suit your requirements or combine several projects.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new concept in intelligent automation and intelligent monitoring using the Internet as the communications medium. The “Things” in IoT usually refer to devices that have unique identifiers and are connected to the Internet to exchange information with each other. Such devices usually have sensors and/or actuators that can be used to collect data about their environments and to monitor and control their environments. The collected data can be processed locally or it can be sent to centralized servers or to the cloud for remote storage and processing. For example, a small device at the size of a matchbox can be used to collect data about the temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure. This data can be sent and stored in the cloud. Anyone with a mobile device can then access and monitor this data at any time and from anywhere on Earth provided there is Internet connectivity. In addition, users can for example, adjust the central heating remotely using their mobile devices and accessing the cloud. This book is written for students, for practising engineers and for hobbyists who want to learn more about the building blocks of an IoT system and also learn how to setup an IoT system using these blocks. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the IoT systems. In Chapter 2, the basic concepts and possible IoT architectures are discussed. The important parts of any IoT system are the sensors and actuators and they are described briefly in Chapter 3. The devices in an IoT system usually communicate with each other and the important aspect of IoT communication is covered in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 proceeds with the features of some of the commonly used development kits. One of these, the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ manufactured by mikroElektronika, can be used as a processor in IoT systems and its features are described in detail in Chapter 6. A popular microcontroller C language, mikroC Pro for PIC gets introduced in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 covers the use of a click board with the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ development kit. Similarly, the use of a sensor click board is described as a project in Chapter 9, and an actuator board in Chapter 10. Chapters 11 and 12 cover Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies in microcontroller based systems, and the remaining chapters of the book demo the creation of a simple Wi-Fi based IoT system with cloud-based data storage. This book has been written with the assumption that the reader has taken a course on digital logic design and has been exposed to writing programs using at least one high-level programming language. Knowledge of the C programming language will be very useful. Also, familiarity with at least one member of the PIC series of microcontrollers (e.g. PIC16 or PIC18) will be an advantage. The knowledge of assembly language programming is not required because all the projects in the book are based on using the C language. If you are a total beginner in programming you can still access the e-book, but first you are advised to study introductory books on microcontrollers.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PbMonitor v2.0 UpdateBattery Monitoring with Improved Analog Design Audio Latency MeasurementA Standalone Tool for Evaluating Errors and Latency in Audio Transmission Square Wave vs. Bode PlotChecking the Performances of an Audio Device embedded world 2026 Clever Coding with AIAI in Software Development for Electronics Engineers QA403 Audio AnalyzerAffordable Precision for Audio Professionals and Hobbyists EasyGimbalAutonomous Camera Tracking with AI, Stepper and Servo Motors Sigfox Breakout Board (2)Sending Messages Circuit ProtectionControlling Overvoltages with TVS Diodes Emerging Battery Testing ApproachesA New Era of Diagnostics AudiotronicsA First Preamplifier CANopenTermAn Open-Source Tool That Brings CAN to Makers and Engineers Alike Stabilization of Operational AmplifiersAvoiding Feedback Instability Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Signal ConditioningTips and Tricks to Fit Voltage Ranges TDR Attachment for OscilloscopesLength, Short Circuit, Mismatch: Measure Cables Using Reflections! From Life's ExperienceLED It Be Speaker Oscillator and Resonance TesterA Fully Experimental Project for Your Speakers Elektor Community Perspectives on Test and Measurement ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 5)Audio Processing and Remote Control 2026: An AI OdysseyAI Has a Context Problem Battery Storage for Balcony Power PlantsSmall Batteries, Big Impact

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This bundle includes the Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit and the new book "Experimenting with Red Pitaya STEMlab Gen 2". The Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit is a powerful and flexible platform for signal processing, data acquisition, and electronic measurement applications. Designed for engineers, developers, researchers, and educators, this kit provides everything required to start building advanced measurement and control systems. At the core of the kit is the STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 board, an upgraded and ultra-lightweight development platform. Powered by the Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC with 512 MB of RAM, it combines FPGA programmability with ARM processing power to enable high-performance instrumentation and custom signal-processing solutions. The board offers 14-bit ADC and DAC resolution, a 125 MS/s sampling rate, an input range of ±20 V, and up to 60 MHz bandwidth. Its improved low-noise analog front-end, USB-C connectivity, and compact design make it suitable for demanding applications such as RF development, radar systems, photonics research, software-defined radio (SDR), and industrial automation. The Starter Kit includes all essential accessories for immediate use: a microSD card with preinstalled operating system, power supply, Ethernet cable for remote access, two 100 MHz oscilloscope probes, and SMA-to-BNC adapters for flexible signal connections. The Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit is an excellent platform for rapid prototyping, FPGA development, measurement instrumentation, and advanced electronics experimentation. Features 14-bit ADC and DAC resolution 125 MS/s sampling rate ±20 V input range Up to 60 MHz bandwidth Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC (FPGA + ARM processor) 512 MB RAM Low-noise analog front- and back-ends Applications RF development and testing Radar and wireless systems Software-defined radio (SDR) Photonics and optical research Industrial automation and control systems Signal analysis and instrumentation Rapid prototyping of electronic measurement systems Specifications Processor Dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 FPGA AMD Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC RAM 512 MB (4 Gb) Storage microSD card (up to 32 GB) Operating System Linux-based Red Pitaya OS ADC Resolution 14-bit DAC Resolution 14-bit Bandwidth 60 MHz (DC) Sampling Rate 125 MS/s Analog Input Channels 2 Analog Output Channels 2 Input Voltage Range ±1 V (LV) / ±20 V (HV) Input Impedance 1 MΩ / 10 pF Output Voltage Range ±1 V Ethernet 1x Gigabit Ethernet (RJ45) USB 2x USB-C 2.0 (for power and console) Digital I/O 16x GPIO (3.3 V) Communication Interfaces I²C, SPI, UART, CAN Power Supply 5 V/3 A via USB-C Dimensions 106.8 x 60.0 x 17.9 mm Included 1x Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 board 2x 100 MHz oscilloscope probes 2x SMA-to-BNC adapters 1x microSD card with preinstalled OS 1x USB-C Power supply 1x Ethernet cable Downloads Documentation Schematics Book: Experimenting with Red Pitaya STEMlab Gen 2 With this new book, Red Pitaya goes beyond a versatile board. It becomes a powerful laboratory instrument for precision measurement, analysis, and control. From the fundamentals of electronic project development, monitoring, control, and design to testing, this book walks you step-by-step through everything you need to know to harness the full potential of Red Pitaya hardware and software. The book presents real-time, FPGA-based projects that are developed on a PC using the Vivado environment, then transferred to the Red Pitaya for execution and testing. You will learn about enhanced performance, expanded I/O capabilities, improved FPGA features, and advanced connectivity options that open up new frontiers for precision measurement, monitoring, and control in your embedded applications. Inside the book you will discover: A deep dive into Red Pitaya architecture and hardware design Electronic experiments using Red Pitaya for measurement and monitoring Hands-on projects using the Python programming language Practical guidance for FPGA programming using Red Pitaya Red Pitaya FPGA projects using the Verilog HDL under Vivado IDE Practical design of electronic projects including measurement and testing Step-by-step examples that bridge theory and real-world implementation Whether you are designing your own electronic circuits, developing signal analysis tools, or creating real-time control or monitoring systems, this book provides you the knowledge and confidence you need to fully learn and customize the Red Pitaya platform.

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The Siglent SDS1204X-E is a powerful 200 MHz four-channel oscilloscope that is built on the same platform as the very popular SDS1202X-E but with several significant improvements, including two 1 GSa/s ADCs and two 14 Mpt memory modules. Waveform capture rates are up to 100,000 wfms/s in normal mode and 400,000 wfms/s in sequence mode. The SDS1000X-E scopes feature a large 7” 256-level color display with intensity grading and color temperature features. Specifications Bandwidth 200 MHz Sampling Rate (Max.) 1 GSa/s Channels 2CH+EXT4CH Memory Depth (Max.) 7 Mpts/CH (not interleave mode); 14 Mpts/CH (interleave mode) Waveform Capture Rate (Max.) 100,000 wfms/s (normal mode), 400,000 wfms/s (sequence mode) Trigger Types Edge, Slope, Pulse width, Window, Runt, Interval, Dropout, Pattern, Video Serial Trigger (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART/RS232, CAN, LIN Decode Type (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART/RS232, CAN, LIN 16 Digital Channels (four channel series only, option) Maximum waveform capture rate up to 1 GSa/s, Record length up to 14 Mpts/CH USB AWG module (four channel series only, option) One channel, 25 MHz, sample rate of 125 MHz, wave length of 16 kpts Bode plot ( four channel series only) Minimum start frequency of 10 Hz, minimum scan bandwith of 500 Hz, maximum scan bandwidth of 120 MHz (dependent on Oscilloscope and AWG bandwidth), 500 maximum scan frequency points USB WIFI adapter (four channel series only, option) 802.11b/g/b, WPA-PSK, the adapter must be supplied by Siglent to ensure proper functioning Downloads Datasheet Manual Programming Guide

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Elektor Magazine EN March/April 2020 (PDF)

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The SDRplay RSPdx-R2 is a wideband full featured single-tuner 14-bit SDR receiver which covers the entire RF spectrum from 1 kHz to 2 GHz giving up to 10 MHz of spectrum visibility. It contains three antenna ports, two of which use SMA connectors and operate across the full 1 kHz to 2 GHz range and the third uses a BNC connector which operates up to 200 MHz. The RSPdx-R2 is an enhanced version of the RSPdx with further design improvements for use at frequencies below 2 MHz. Housed in a strong steel case, in addition to the functionality of the RSP1B, the RSPdx-R2 provides three software selectable antenna inputs and an external clock input. It offers excellent performance through HF and VHF frequencies all the way up to 2 GHz. The RSPdx-R2 also supports an "HDR mode" optimised for the demanding radio reception conditions below 2 MHz. The RSPdx-R2, when used in conjunction with SDRplay’s own software, introduces a special HDR (High Dynamic Range) mode for reception within selected bands below 2 MHz. HDR mode delivers improved intermodulation performance and fewer spurious responses for those challenging bands. Features Covers all frequencies from 1 kHz through VLF, LF, MW, HF, VHF, UHF and L-band to 2 GHz, with no gaps Receive, monitor and record up to 10 MHz of spectrum at a time Significantly improved noise performance below 1 MHz (i.e. for some MF, LF and below) Improved dynamic range below 2 MHz both in tuner mode and HDR mode HDR mode below 2 MHz giving overall dynamic range and selectivity advantages Software selectable choice of 3 antenna ports External clock input for synchronisation purposes, or connection to GPS reference clock for extra frequency accuracy Excellent dynamic range for challenging reception conditions Free use of Windows-based SDRuno software (check website for versions supported) Free use of SDRconnect SDR and server software for Windows, MacOS and Linux (Check website for versions supported) Multiplatform driver and API support including Windows, Linux, Mac and Raspberry Pi 4/5 Strong and growing software support network Calibrated S meter/RF power and SNR measurement with SDRuno (including datalogging to .CSV file capability) Documented API provided to allow demodulator or application development on multiple platforms Applications (Amateur) Shortwave radio listening Broadcast DXing (AM/FM/TV) Panadaptor Aircraft (ADS-B and ATC) Slow Scan TV Multi-amateur band monitoring WSPR & digital modes Weather fax (HF and satellite) Satellite monitoring Geostationary environmental satellites Trunked radio Utility and emergency service monitoring Fast and effective antenna comparison Applications (Industrial) Spectrum Analyser Surveillance Wireless microphone monitoring RF surveying IoT receiver chain Signal logging RFI/EMC detection Broadcast integrity monitoring Spectrum monitoring Power measurement Applications (Educational/Scientific) Teaching Receiver design Radio astronomy Passive radar Ionosonde Spectrum analyser Receiver for IoT sensor projects Antenna research Specifications Frequency Range 1 kHz – 2 GHz Antenna Connector SMA Antenna Impedance 50 Ohms Current Consumption (Typical) 190 mA @ >60 MHz (excl. Bias-T)120 mA @ <60 MHz (excl. Bias-T) USB Connector USB-B Maximum Input Power +0 dBm Continuous+10 dBm Short Duration ADC Sample Rates 2-10.66 MSPS ADC Number of Bits 14 bit 2-6.048 MSPS12 bit 6.048-8.064 MSPS10 bit 8.064-9.216 MSPS8 bit >9.216 MSPS Bias-T 4.7 V100 mA guaranteed Reference 0.5ppm 24 MHz TCXOFrequency error trimmable to 0.01ppm in field Operating Temperature −10˚C to +60˚C Dimensions 113 x 94 x 35 mm Weight 315 g Downloads Datasheet Software RSPdx-R2 vs RSPduo RSPdx-R2 RSPduo Continuous coverage from 1 kHz to 2 GHz ✓ ✓ Up to 10 MHz visible bandwidth ✓ ✓ 14-bit ADC silicon technology plus multiple high-performance input filters ✓ ✓ Software selectable AM/FM & DAB broadcast band notch filters ✓ ✓ 4.7 V Bias-T for powering external remote antenna amplifier ✓ ✓ Powers over the USB cable with a simple type B socket ✓ ✓ 50Ω SMA antenna input(s) for 1 kHz to 2 GHz operation (software selectable) 2 2 Additional software selectable Hi-Z input for up to 30 Mhz operation ✓ Additional software selectable 50Ω BNC input for up to 200 MHz operation ✓ Additional LF/VLF filter for below 500 kHz ✓ 24 MHz reference clock input (+ output on RSPduo) ✓ ✓ Dual tuners enabling reception on 2 totally independent 2 MHz ranges ✓ Dual tuners enabling diversity reception using SDRuno ✓ Rugged black painted steel case ✓ ✓ Overall performance below 2 MHz for MW and LF ++ + Multiple simultaneous applications + ++ Performance in challenging fading conditions (*using diversity tuning) + *++

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