The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new concept in intelligent automation and intelligent monitoring using the Internet as the communications medium. The “Things” in IoT usually refer to devices that have unique identifiers and are connected to the Internet to exchange information with each other. Such devices usually have sensors and/or actuators that can be used to collect data about their environments and to monitor and control their environments. The collected data can be processed locally or it can be sent to centralized servers or to the cloud for remote storage and processing. For example, a small device at the size of a matchbox can be used to collect data about the temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure. This data can be sent and stored in the cloud. Anyone with a mobile device can then access and monitor this data at any time and from anywhere on Earth provided there is Internet connectivity. In addition, users can for example, adjust the central heating remotely using their mobile devices and accessing the cloud. This book is written for students, for practising engineers and for hobbyists who want to learn more about the building blocks of an IoT system and also learn how to setup an IoT system using these blocks. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the IoT systems. In Chapter 2, the basic concepts and possible IoT architectures are discussed. The important parts of any IoT system are the sensors and actuators and they are described briefly in Chapter 3. The devices in an IoT system usually communicate with each other and the important aspect of IoT communication is covered in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 proceeds with the features of some of the commonly used development kits. One of these, the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ manufactured by mikroElektronika, can be used as a processor in IoT systems and its features are described in detail in Chapter 6. A popular microcontroller C language, mikroC Pro for PIC gets introduced in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 covers the use of a click board with the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ development kit. Similarly, the use of a sensor click board is described as a project in Chapter 9, and an actuator board in Chapter 10. Chapters 11 and 12 cover Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies in microcontroller based systems, and the remaining chapters of the book demo the creation of a simple Wi-Fi based IoT system with cloud-based data storage. This book has been written with the assumption that the reader has taken a course on digital logic design and has been exposed to writing programs using at least one high-level programming language. Knowledge of the C programming language will be very useful. Also, familiarity with at least one member of the PIC series of microcontrollers (e.g. PIC16 or PIC18) will be an advantage. The knowledge of assembly language programming is not required because all the projects in the book are based on using the C language. If you are a total beginner in programming you can still access the e-book, but first you are advised to study introductory books on microcontrollers.

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Elektor Magazine EN May/June 2020 (PDF)

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Elektor Magazine EN January/February 2020 (PDF)

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. MultiRF Dev BoardA Platform for Evaluating Short- and Long-Range Wireless Protocols Elektor at 65Disrupting Electronics Since 1961 Wi-Fi-Based Person Detection on an ESP32When Your Router Becomes a Motion Sensor Wireless ScalesFour Small Scales = One Big Scale Walter, the Compact IoT ModuleESP32-S3 SoC, LTE-M/NB-IoT 5G Modem, and GNSS Receiver 3- and 4-Wire RTD Sensors ConditioningWith Full-Scale Adjustment and Cable Compensation 3-in-1 2-Channel Oscilloscope/Generator/MultimeterA Review of The Fnirsi 2D15P electronica Fast Forward 2026 Invites Startups and Industry Partners EcologgingA Modular Environmental IoT Station for Field Research Wireless Connectivity in Medical ApplicationsAlways on the Pulse with Bluetooth LE AudiotronicsHum Reduction Increasing Agricultural Efficiency with AI Modeling and SensorsBoosting Agricultural Productivity OPC UA — An OverviewPlatform-Independent Data Exchange Redox Meter Instrumentation Amplifier for Physics and Engineering Experiments Active Differential Audio FiltersFor Professional Crossovers and More Elektor Community Perspectives on IoT & Sensors Telegram-Controlled Water Heater Interface ModuleA Solution Based on an ESP32 and Arduino Software 2026: An AI OdysseyWhatever Happened to Fuzzy Logic? Err-lectronics Alarm Signal Injector Plus PowerTools for Finding Broken Wires

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The Piccolino rapid development board can be used to design microcontroller circuits quickly. The Piccolino has a fast 16f887 PIC microcontroller, voltage regulator, and communications module, and can be easily extended using its four headers. This e-book contains 30 projects based on the Piccolino. We'll use its unique communications facilities and get the Piccolino to communicate with programs on a PC. On the PC, we use the free programming language Small Basic. You can use this to create Windows programs with buttons and graphs quickly. You will learn how to analyze components such as inductors, capacitors, and OPAMPs, and how to display the measurement results in a graphical format. This will help you to design your circuits easily. We will then start to adapt to the Piccolino. We'll add components to it to make it more powerful, with extra features such as flow control and digital to analog conversion. The clear instructions will enable you to design and build your adaptations. This way you can make your custom designed Piccolino. We'll end up making an extension: a PCB that that can be mounted on the Piccolino headers. As an example, we'll design and build an extension for an LCD. You can use the included board layout to make your PCB or have it made for you. At the same time, you will learn how to make your extensions. The only limitation is your imagination! The clear descriptions along with circuit diagrams and photos, will make the building of these projects an enjoyable experience. Each project has a clear explanation of the reasons why it was designed in a particular way. This helps you learn a lot about the Piccolino, as well as Small Basic, and the components that are used in this e-book. You can adapt the projects to suit your requirements or combine several projects.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. A Current Source for Testing (Z-)DiodesChecking Z-Diodes from 1 to 54 V @ 1 to 50 mA ESD Strap TesterA Bench Tool with Pass, Borderline, and Fail Indication Power Supply Transient Response TesterA Repeatable Step-Load Generator for Bench Power Supplies Euclidean Sequencer Without a MicrocontrollerTrigger Patterns and CV Sequences with Simple CMOS Logic LED Flashing Light for Gates and More with an Audible Alert Need PCBs? The Elektor PCB Service Has You Covered. Toothbrush TimerUsing a Tiny PIC A Contactless Magnetic Combination LockWith the AS5600 Rotary Position Sensor Low-Noise Battery-Powered PreamplifierFor Dynamic Microphones The Arduino Nano TestLabMeasurement, Control, and Regulation Rhythmic Bass LightEmphasize the Rhythm of Your Music Low-Cut FilterNo Risk of Audio Feedback on Your System Precise 1 Hz Square Wave Generator for BreadboardsA Reliable CMOS-Based Clock Source 555 Upside DownDuty Cycles Down to Zero From Halfgeleidergids to Circuit Specials65 Years of Electronics Innovation Electrical IsolationCAN Interface with Digital Isolator and Power Module SpongillatorA Sponge-Based Oscillator True Random Number GeneratorWith Integrated Chi-Square Test 3D Viewer for HTML pagesSimple, and Almost Without Code Programming with TLScriptA Scripting Language for Measurement, Testing, and Control Circuit Design: Tips from Experts FeedbackWhat Is It and Why Is It Important? One Board, Endless Ideas: Arduino UNO QFrom Retro Gaming to Real-Time Environmental Monitoring How to Fix a Donut Antenna Standby KillerA Real On/Off Switch for Your TV Battery TestingMeasuring Batteries with the Arduino Nano Power Supply for Audio Power AmplifiersA Good Power Supply Without Mains Hum Prototyping Boards for RFFast Setups with DIY Prototyping Boards T3 Surge ProtectionA Type 3 Spike Suppressor for Your Sensitive Equipment IoT Room Thermostat BoardWith ESP32-C3/S3-Based Xiao MCU module From Rigid to SmartFlexible and Printed Electronics — Between Vision and Industrial Reality

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This bundle includes the Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit and the new book "Experimenting with Red Pitaya STEMlab Gen 2". The Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit is a powerful and flexible platform for signal processing, data acquisition, and electronic measurement applications. Designed for engineers, developers, researchers, and educators, this kit provides everything required to start building advanced measurement and control systems. At the core of the kit is the STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 board, an upgraded and ultra-lightweight development platform. Powered by the Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC with 512 MB of RAM, it combines FPGA programmability with ARM processing power to enable high-performance instrumentation and custom signal-processing solutions. The board offers 14-bit ADC and DAC resolution, a 125 MS/s sampling rate, an input range of ±20 V, and up to 60 MHz bandwidth. Its improved low-noise analog front-end, USB-C connectivity, and compact design make it suitable for demanding applications such as RF development, radar systems, photonics research, software-defined radio (SDR), and industrial automation. The Starter Kit includes all essential accessories for immediate use: a microSD card with preinstalled operating system, power supply, Ethernet cable for remote access, two 100 MHz oscilloscope probes, and SMA-to-BNC adapters for flexible signal connections. The Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 Starter Kit is an excellent platform for rapid prototyping, FPGA development, measurement instrumentation, and advanced electronics experimentation. Features 14-bit ADC and DAC resolution 125 MS/s sampling rate ±20 V input range Up to 60 MHz bandwidth Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC (FPGA + ARM processor) 512 MB RAM Low-noise analog front- and back-ends Applications RF development and testing Radar and wireless systems Software-defined radio (SDR) Photonics and optical research Industrial automation and control systems Signal analysis and instrumentation Rapid prototyping of electronic measurement systems Specifications Processor Dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 FPGA AMD Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC RAM 512 MB (4 Gb) Storage microSD card (up to 32 GB) Operating System Linux-based Red Pitaya OS ADC Resolution 14-bit DAC Resolution 14-bit Bandwidth 60 MHz (DC) Sampling Rate 125 MS/s Analog Input Channels 2 Analog Output Channels 2 Input Voltage Range ±1 V (LV) / ±20 V (HV) Input Impedance 1 MΩ / 10 pF Output Voltage Range ±1 V Ethernet 1x Gigabit Ethernet (RJ45) USB 2x USB-C 2.0 (for power and console) Digital I/O 16x GPIO (3.3 V) Communication Interfaces I²C, SPI, UART, CAN Power Supply 5 V/3 A via USB-C Dimensions 106.8 x 60.0 x 17.9 mm Included 1x Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 PRO Gen 2 board 2x 100 MHz oscilloscope probes 2x SMA-to-BNC adapters 1x microSD card with preinstalled OS 1x USB-C Power supply 1x Ethernet cable Downloads Documentation Schematics Book: Experimenting with Red Pitaya STEMlab Gen 2 With this new book, Red Pitaya goes beyond a versatile board. It becomes a powerful laboratory instrument for precision measurement, analysis, and control. From the fundamentals of electronic project development, monitoring, control, and design to testing, this book walks you step-by-step through everything you need to know to harness the full potential of Red Pitaya hardware and software. The book presents real-time, FPGA-based projects that are developed on a PC using the Vivado environment, then transferred to the Red Pitaya for execution and testing. You will learn about enhanced performance, expanded I/O capabilities, improved FPGA features, and advanced connectivity options that open up new frontiers for precision measurement, monitoring, and control in your embedded applications. Inside the book you will discover: A deep dive into Red Pitaya architecture and hardware design Electronic experiments using Red Pitaya for measurement and monitoring Hands-on projects using the Python programming language Practical guidance for FPGA programming using Red Pitaya Red Pitaya FPGA projects using the Verilog HDL under Vivado IDE Practical design of electronic projects including measurement and testing Step-by-step examples that bridge theory and real-world implementation Whether you are designing your own electronic circuits, developing signal analysis tools, or creating real-time control or monitoring systems, this book provides you the knowledge and confidence you need to fully learn and customize the Red Pitaya platform.

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The Siglent SDS1204X-E is a powerful 200 MHz four-channel oscilloscope that is built on the same platform as the very popular SDS1202X-E but with several significant improvements, including two 1 GSa/s ADCs and two 14 Mpt memory modules. Waveform capture rates are up to 100,000 wfms/s in normal mode and 400,000 wfms/s in sequence mode. The SDS1000X-E scopes feature a large 7” 256-level color display with intensity grading and color temperature features. Specifications Bandwidth 200 MHz Sampling Rate (Max.) 1 GSa/s Channels 2CH+EXT4CH Memory Depth (Max.) 7 Mpts/CH (not interleave mode); 14 Mpts/CH (interleave mode) Waveform Capture Rate (Max.) 100,000 wfms/s (normal mode), 400,000 wfms/s (sequence mode) Trigger Types Edge, Slope, Pulse width, Window, Runt, Interval, Dropout, Pattern, Video Serial Trigger (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART/RS232, CAN, LIN Decode Type (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART/RS232, CAN, LIN 16 Digital Channels (four channel series only, option) Maximum waveform capture rate up to 1 GSa/s, Record length up to 14 Mpts/CH USB AWG module (four channel series only, option) One channel, 25 MHz, sample rate of 125 MHz, wave length of 16 kpts Bode plot ( four channel series only) Minimum start frequency of 10 Hz, minimum scan bandwith of 500 Hz, maximum scan bandwidth of 120 MHz (dependent on Oscilloscope and AWG bandwidth), 500 maximum scan frequency points USB WIFI adapter (four channel series only, option) 802.11b/g/b, WPA-PSK, the adapter must be supplied by Siglent to ensure proper functioning Downloads Datasheet Manual Programming Guide

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Elektor Magazine EN March/April 2020 (PDF)

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Una ricca selezione di articoli dal Mondo Elektor! Gli articoli di questo libro sono una selezione accurata, il "meglio del meglio" di circuiti e progetti recenti, realizzati da tecnici di grande talento provenienti da tutto il mondo. Nel tipico stile di Elektor, questa raccolta offre qualcosa di interessante per tutti, dai progettisti esperti a coloro che praticano l'elettronica nel tempo libero. Sommario Super Servo TesterProva Fino a Quattro Servocomandi, Stand-Alone o in Sistema The TubeUn Insolito Amplificatore a Valvole Cloc 2.0La Sveglia che Avete Sempre Desiderato Stazione Meteo LoRa Low-PowerCostruitevi una Stazione Meteorologica “Long Range” Uscita Video con Microcontrollori (Parte 1)Video Composito Uscita Video con Microcontrollori (Parte 2)Uscita VGA e DVI Un Raspberry Pi Pico come Analizzatore di SpettroFFT su Base Hardware a Basso Costo PIC O’Clock – In Contatto col TempoProgettare un Ricevitore di Segnali Orari SDR Frequenzimetro di Rete ACMisura Frequenza e Tensione della Rete Elettrica Generatore di Funzioni con Arduino NanoNano + Codice = Generatore di Funzioni Monitor CO2Un Approccio Fai-Da-Te per Il Controllo della Qualità dell‘Aria ChatMagLevLa Levitazione Magnetica con AI Alimentatore Lineare Variabile Combinato0…50 V / 0…2 A con Struttura Simmetrica Duale Ricevitore Digitale FM con Arduino e TEA5767Restate in Ascolto con un Arduino Nano Protezione Antigelo per Piante da FruttoCon Registrazione della Temperatura Carico Elettronico con Generatore di clock IntegratoPer Collaudare Alimentatori, Convertitori di Tensione e Batterie 128 Termostato Web con ESP32Mantieni il Vino alla Giusta Temperatura Iniezione di Segnali e di Potenza......per Rilevare le Interruzioni nei Cavi DIY LiPo Supercharger KitDal Prototipo al Mercato di Massa Livella Digitale con Stroboscopio AttivoCalibra il Tuo giradischi con Questo Strumento "Tutto-in-Uno" The Game of Life – 262.144 Modi di GiocareDal Progetto di un Lettore Rilevatore di PerditeCollegato ad Arduino Cloud Orologio di LissajousL’Incedere del Tempo con le Figure di Lissajous Mastermind – Controllato da ArduinoUna Versione Moderna del Classico Gioco di Decifrazione Generatore Audio Analogico 1 kHzOnda Sinusoidale a Bassa Distorsione Aggiorna il tuo Caricabatteria (Parte 1)Non Buttarlo, Modificalo! Aggiorna il tuo Caricabatteria (Parte 2)Non Buttarlo, Modificalo! Sistemi GNSS RTK a Basso CostoCon Accuratezza a Livello Centimetrico Esperimenti a 10 GHz con LNB Satellitari ModificatiSbloccare la Banda X a Basso Costo Telecamera per FerromodellismoInstalla un Modulo ESP32 CAM a Bordo! Monitor di Tensione con MicrocontrolloreProtezione dalla Scarica Profonda per Batterie e Altro Nodo Sensore AutonomoTrasmissione Dati LoRa con Alimentazione a Batterie Solari Layout e Sicurezza sul PCBConsigli per un Progetto Sicuro e Durevole

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High-Performance LoRa Communication Device The Elecrow ThinkNode M5 is a compact, portable LoRa communication device designed for off-grid messaging, location sharing, and outdoor use. Powered by an ESP32-S3 processor and an SX1262 LoRa chip, it comes pre-installed with Meshtastic firmware and can be configured conveniently via Bluetooth using the official Meshtastic app. The integrated multi-GNSS module supports GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, and QZSS for reliable positioning and location sharing. Messages and device information are displayed on the energy-efficient 1.54-inch e-paper screen, while the built-in 1,200 mAh rechargeable battery enables extended mobile operation. With its integrated LoRa antenna, compact housing, RTC, and support for both Meshtastic and MeshCore firmware, the ThinkNode M5 is a practical communication solution for hiking, camping, remote locations, and emergency situations where conventional mobile networks are unavailable. Features LoRa communication Multi-GNSS positioning 1,200 mAh rechargeable battery 1.54-inch e-paper display Built-in RTC Compatible with MeshCore Compatible with Meshtastic Specifications Main Processor (ESP32-S3) CPU/SoC Xtensa 32-bit LX7 dual-core processor, clocked at up to 240 MHz System Memory 512 KB SRAM, 8 MB PSRAM Storage 4 MB Flash, 384 KB ROM Firmware Meshtastic firmware is fully compatible, and the signal is transmitted in LoRa mode EPD (Electronic Paper Display) Display Size 1.54 inch EPD (monochrome Ink screen) Display Materials E-lnk (Electronic Ink） Resolution 200 x 200 Driver Chip SSD1681 (via SPI or I²C interface) Global Fresh Time 2s Wireless Communication Bluetooth Bluetooth Low Energy and Bluetooth 5.0 (phone configuration) LoRa SX1262 LoRa Module, EU 868 MHz（external antenna） Hardware Interfaces USB-C, RP-SMA Function GPS Location (GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, QZSS), EPD Display, RTC, USB 2.0, PMU power management (built-in 1200 mAh lithium battery), buzzer, etc. Button Knob Switch, Function Button, Page Turn Button, GPS Switch, Reset Button LED Indicator Power supply, GPS/LoRa indication Others Power Input 5 V/1 A, supports USB or lithium battery power supply Power consumption The maximum working current is about 340 mA (CPU + LoRa module), and the low power consumption is about 34 uA Operating Temperature -10~50°C Storage Temperature -20~60°C Relative humidity 10-95%, @ 40°C (non-condensing) Enclosure ABS Plastic Dimensions 82 x 51.6 x 26.3 mm Weight 81 g Included 1x Elecrow ThinkNode M5 1x LoRa antenna 1x USB-C cable 1x Manual Downloads Manual

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The SDRplay RSPdx-R2 is a wideband full featured single-tuner 14-bit SDR receiver which covers the entire RF spectrum from 1 kHz to 2 GHz giving up to 10 MHz of spectrum visibility. It contains three antenna ports, two of which use SMA connectors and operate across the full 1 kHz to 2 GHz range and the third uses a BNC connector which operates up to 200 MHz. The RSPdx-R2 is an enhanced version of the RSPdx with further design improvements for use at frequencies below 2 MHz. Housed in a strong steel case, in addition to the functionality of the RSP1B, the RSPdx-R2 provides three software selectable antenna inputs and an external clock input. It offers excellent performance through HF and VHF frequencies all the way up to 2 GHz. The RSPdx-R2 also supports an "HDR mode" optimised for the demanding radio reception conditions below 2 MHz. The RSPdx-R2, when used in conjunction with SDRplay’s own software, introduces a special HDR (High Dynamic Range) mode for reception within selected bands below 2 MHz. HDR mode delivers improved intermodulation performance and fewer spurious responses for those challenging bands. Features Covers all frequencies from 1 kHz through VLF, LF, MW, HF, VHF, UHF and L-band to 2 GHz, with no gaps Receive, monitor and record up to 10 MHz of spectrum at a time Significantly improved noise performance below 1 MHz (i.e. for some MF, LF and below) Improved dynamic range below 2 MHz both in tuner mode and HDR mode HDR mode below 2 MHz giving overall dynamic range and selectivity advantages Software selectable choice of 3 antenna ports External clock input for synchronisation purposes, or connection to GPS reference clock for extra frequency accuracy Excellent dynamic range for challenging reception conditions Free use of Windows-based SDRuno software (check website for versions supported) Free use of SDRconnect SDR and server software for Windows, MacOS and Linux (Check website for versions supported) Multiplatform driver and API support including Windows, Linux, Mac and Raspberry Pi 4/5 Strong and growing software support network Calibrated S meter/RF power and SNR measurement with SDRuno (including datalogging to .CSV file capability) Documented API provided to allow demodulator or application development on multiple platforms Applications (Amateur) Shortwave radio listening Broadcast DXing (AM/FM/TV) Panadaptor Aircraft (ADS-B and ATC) Slow Scan TV Multi-amateur band monitoring WSPR & digital modes Weather fax (HF and satellite) Satellite monitoring Geostationary environmental satellites Trunked radio Utility and emergency service monitoring Fast and effective antenna comparison Applications (Industrial) Spectrum Analyser Surveillance Wireless microphone monitoring RF surveying IoT receiver chain Signal logging RFI/EMC detection Broadcast integrity monitoring Spectrum monitoring Power measurement Applications (Educational/Scientific) Teaching Receiver design Radio astronomy Passive radar Ionosonde Spectrum analyser Receiver for IoT sensor projects Antenna research Specifications Frequency Range 1 kHz – 2 GHz Antenna Connector SMA Antenna Impedance 50 Ohms Current Consumption (Typical) 190 mA @ >60 MHz (excl. Bias-T)120 mA @ <60 MHz (excl. Bias-T) USB Connector USB-B Maximum Input Power +0 dBm Continuous+10 dBm Short Duration ADC Sample Rates 2-10.66 MSPS ADC Number of Bits 14 bit 2-6.048 MSPS12 bit 6.048-8.064 MSPS10 bit 8.064-9.216 MSPS8 bit >9.216 MSPS Bias-T 4.7 V100 mA guaranteed Reference 0.5ppm 24 MHz TCXOFrequency error trimmable to 0.01ppm in field Operating Temperature −10˚C to +60˚C Dimensions 113 x 94 x 35 mm Weight 315 g Downloads Datasheet Software RSPdx-R2 vs RSPduo RSPdx-R2 RSPduo Continuous coverage from 1 kHz to 2 GHz ✓ ✓ Up to 10 MHz visible bandwidth ✓ ✓ 14-bit ADC silicon technology plus multiple high-performance input filters ✓ ✓ Software selectable AM/FM & DAB broadcast band notch filters ✓ ✓ 4.7 V Bias-T for powering external remote antenna amplifier ✓ ✓ Powers over the USB cable with a simple type B socket ✓ ✓ 50Ω SMA antenna input(s) for 1 kHz to 2 GHz operation (software selectable) 2 2 Additional software selectable Hi-Z input for up to 30 Mhz operation ✓ Additional software selectable 50Ω BNC input for up to 200 MHz operation ✓ Additional LF/VLF filter for below 500 kHz ✓ 24 MHz reference clock input (+ output on RSPduo) ✓ ✓ Dual tuners enabling reception on 2 totally independent 2 MHz ranges ✓ Dual tuners enabling diversity reception using SDRuno ✓ Rugged black painted steel case ✓ ✓ Overall performance below 2 MHz for MW and LF ++ + Multiple simultaneous applications + ++ Performance in challenging fading conditions (*using diversity tuning) + *++

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The OWON SPS3081 Fanless Programmable DC Power Supply (120 W) delivers ultra-quiet, high-precision performance with 10 mV/1 mA accuracy and advanced heat dissipation for long-term reliability. Featuring comprehensive protection, a USB interface with SCPI support for remote control, and a 2.8-inch TFT LCD screen, it is the perfect choice for laboratories, electronics testing, and research. Features Fanless design: Ultra-quiet operation, reducing vibration noise and minimizing the potential failure risks associated with traditional cooling fans. Excellent heat dissipation design: Ensures a controlled temperature rise, allowing long-term operation under full load conditions and extending internal component longevity. Lightweight and ultra-thin design. Output accuracy up to 10 mV/1 mA. Supports List waveform editing and output, with four memory shortcut parameters for quick and convenient access. Integrated protection features include overvoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, and input undervoltage protection for enhanced safety. Built-in discharge circuit prevents residual high voltage risks when the power is turned off. USB communication interface with SCPI protocol support, enabling PC programming and remote control for simplified user management. 2.8-inch TFT LCD screen Specifications Model SPS6051 SPS3081 Rated Output (0°C-40°C) Voltage 0-61 V 0-31 V Current 0-5.1 A 0-8.1 A Power 150 W 120 W Load Regulation Voltage ≤30 mV Current ≤20 mA Power Regulation Voltage ≤30 mV Current ≤20 mA Setting Resolution Voltage 10 mV Current 1 mA Readback Resolution Voltage 10 mV Current 1 mA Seting Accuracy (25°C ±5°C) Voltage ≤0.05% ±20 mV ≤0.1% ±20 mV Current ≤0.05% ±20 mA ≤0.2% ±20 mA Readback Accuracy (25°C ±5°C) Current ≤0.05% ±20 mV ≤0.1% ±20 mV Voltage ≤0.05% ±20 mV ≤0.2% ±20 mA Ripple/Noise Voltage ≤30 mVp-p ≤30 mVp-p Voltage ≤4 mVrms ≤5 mVrms Current ≤10 mAp-p ≤30 mAp-p Output temperature coefficient (0°C-40°C) Voltage 100 ppm/°C Current 200 ppm/°C Readback temperature coefficient Voltage 100 ppm/°C Current 200 ppm/°C Response Time (50-100% rated load) ≤1.0 ms Storage 4 groups of data Working Temperature 0-40°C Display 2.8-inch color LCD display Interface USB Dimensions (W x H x D) 82 x 142 x 226 mm Weight 1.8 kg Included 1x OWON SPS3081 Power Supply 2x Test leads 1x Power cord 1x Manual Downloads Datasheet User Manual Programming Manual PC Software

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The Siglent SDS814X HD digital storage oscilloscope is based on 2 GSa/s, 12-bit Analog-Digital Converters and front ends with excellent noise floor performance. With a 100 MHz bandwidth, and a maximum record length of 50 Mpts, and the capability to analyze 4 analog channels alongside 16 digital channels, the SDS814X HD is perfectly suited for mixed signal analysis. Features 12-bit High Resolution 12-bit Analog-Digital Convertors with sample rate up to 2 GSa/s Front ends with 70 μVrms noise floor @ 100 MHz bandwidth 2/4 analog channels, up to 700 MHz bandwidth SPO technology Waveform capture rate up to 80,000 wfm/s (normal mode), and 500,000 wfm/s (sequence mode) Supports 256-level intensity grading and color temperature display modes. Up to 50 Mpts record length Digital trigger system Intelligent trigger: Edge, Slope, Pulse width, Window, Runt, Interval, Dropout, Pattern, Video (HDTV supported), Qualified, Nth edge, Delay, Setup/Hold time. Serial bus triggering and decoder, supports protocols I²C, SPI, UART, CAN, LIN. Segmented acquisition (Sequence) mode, dividing the maximum record length into multiple segments (up to 80,000), according to trigger conditions set by the user, with a very small dead time between segments to capture the qualifying event. History waveform record (History) function, the maximum recorded waveform length is 80,000 frames. Automatic measurements on 50+ parameters, supports statistics with histogram, track, trend, Gating measurement, and measurements on Math, History and Ref. 4 Math traces (2 Mpts FFT, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, integration, differential, square root, etc.), supports formula editor. Abundant data analysis functions such as Search, Navigate, Counter, Bode plot and Power Analysis High Speed hardware-based Mask Test function, with Mask Editor tool for creating user-defined masks 16 digital channels (optional) 25 MHz waveform generator (optional) 7" TFT-LCD display with 1024 x 600 resolution; Capacitive touch screen supports multi-touch gestures. Interfaces include: USB Hosts, USB Device (USBTMC), LAN (VXI-11/Telnet/Socket), Pass/Fail, Trigger Out Built-in web server supports remote control over the LAN port using a web browser. Supports SCPI remote control commands. Supports external mouse and keyboard. Supports NTP. Specifications Analog Channels 4 Bandwidth 100 MHz Vertical resolution 12-bit Sample rate (Max.) One channel mode: 2 GSa/sTwo channel mode: 1 GSa/sFour channel mode: 500 MSa/s Memory depth (Max.) One channel mode: 50 Mpts/chTwo channel mode: 25 Mpts/chFour channel mode: 10Mpts/ch Waveform capture rate (Max.) Normal mode: 80,000 wfm/sSequence mode: 500,000 wfm/s Trigger type Edge, Slope, Pulse width, Window, Runt, Interval, Dropout, Pattern, Video, Qualified, Nth edge, Delay, Setup/Hold time, Serial Serial trigger and decode (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART, CAN, LIN Measurement 50+ parameters, statistics, histogram, trend, and track supported Math 4 traces 2 Mpts FFT, Filter, +, -, x, ÷, ∫dt, d/dt, √, Identity, Negation, Absolute, Sign, ex, 10x, ln, lg, Interpolation, MaxHold, MinHold, ERES, Average. Supports formula editor Data analysis Search, Navigate, History, Mask Test, Counter, Bode plot, and Power Analysis Digital channel (optional) 16-channel; maximum sample rate up to 1 GSa/s; record length up to 10 Mpts USB AWG module (option) One channel, 25 MHz, sample rate of 125 MHz, wave length of 16 kpts, isolated output I/O 2x USB 2.0 Host, USB 2.0 Device, 10/100 M LAN, Auxiliary output (TRIG OUT, PASS/FAIL), SBUS (Siglent MSO) Probe (Standard) Passive probe PB470 for each channel Display 7 TFT-LCD with capacitive touch screen (1024x600) Included 1x Siglent SDS814X Oscilloscope 4x Passive probe (100 MHz) PP510 1x Power cord (EU) 1x USB cable 1x Certificate of calibration 1x Quick start Downloads Datasheet Manual Programming guide

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Elektor Magazine EN September/October 2020 (PDF)

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The XIAO ESP32-C3 board combines the ultra-compact form factor of the XIAO series with the full capabilities of the ESP32-C3 chip, including integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 5.0. This book is a comprehensive, hands-on guide to getting the most out of this powerful yet affordable development board. The author takes readers from the fundamentals to advanced projects. Starting with LED blinking and dimming, the book progresses to ADC and PWM for precise sensor interfacing and PWM-controlled lighting effects before moving on to building practical, real-world applications, including: A Wi-Fi weather station with an OLED display and real-time online weather data An ultrasonic parking assistant with audible feedback A refrigerator monitoring probe with climate sensing and Deep Sleep for years of battery operation A retro Pong game controlled by a touch-free sensor A microphone-based party app that responds to claps And much more: lighting control, reaction-time measurement, mains frequency analysis, soil moisture sensing, ambient LED lighting, and 7-segment displays

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The Weller WT 1013 soldering station set includes the WT 1 supply unit, the WP 80 soldering iron and the WSR 201 safety rest. It is stackable and thus creates more space in the workplace. With an integrated usage sensor, the soldering tool switches off automatically. Specifications Channels 1 Voltage 230 V Power 95 W Display Backlit LCD Temperature range 50 °C - 450 °C Temperature stability ±2 °C Temperature accuracy ±9 °C Fuse 0.5 A Equipotential bonding on WT compatible on ESD-safe on Power cable EMEA Dimensions 149 x 138 x 101 mm Weight (approx.) 1.9 kg

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UNI-T UPO1202CS is a multifunctional, low-cost 2-channel digital phosphor oscilloscope with 200 MHz bandwidth and 1 GSa/s sampling rate. It can be widely used in the fields of electronic and electrical design, debugging, education and industrial design. UPO1000CS series adopts parallel digital signal processing technology, which greatly improves the data processing speed and waveform capture rate. The original Ultra Phosphor technology can present the cumulative effect of the tested signal as a multi-layered afterglow. Compared with traditional digital storage oscilloscopes, the persistence of digital phosphor oscilloscopes can present three-dimensional waveform data of amplitude, time and signal intensity. Fast Acquire technology can accurately capture abnormal events such as video, jitter, noise and runt signals. Specifications UPO1102CS UPO1202CS Bandwidth 100 MHz 200 MHz Analog channels 2 2 Sampling rate 1 GSa/s 1 GSa/s Storage depth 56 Mpts per channel 56 Mpts per channel Rise time ≤3.5ns ≤1.8ns Capture rate 500,000 wfms/s 500,000 wfms/s Waveform record 100,000 frames 100,000 frames Features 7' WVGA (800 x 480) TFT LCD Ultra Phosphor super fluorescent display effect, up to 256 levels of gray display Support RS232, I²C, SPI, CAN and LIN trigger Innovative RS232, I²C, SPI, CAN and LIN hardware decoding Vertical scale: 1 mV/div-20 V/div Low background noise: <100 μVrms 1M points enhanced FFT function. Support frequency setting, waterfall diagram, detection setting and marker measurement etc 36 kinds of waveform parameters can be automatically measured Rich trigger functions (edge, pulse width, video, slope, runt, overshoot, delay, timeout, duration, setup and hold, Nth edge and pattern trigger) Multi-Scopes support dual-channel independent trigger fluorescence display Multi-channel independent 7-bit hardware frequency counter DVM supports dual-channel independent AC and DC true RMS measurement Waveform arithmetic functions (FFT, +, -, ×, ÷, digital filtering, logic operations, and advanced operations) Rich interfaces: USB Host, USB Device, LAN, EXT Trig, AUX Out (Trig Out, Pass/Fail) Support SCPI programmable instrument standard command Support WEB access and control Downloads Datasheet Programming Manual User's Manual Quick Start Guide Software

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The Siglent SPD4323X is a 4-channel DC Linear Programmable Power Supply equipped with a 4.3-inch TFT-LCD display, friendly human-machine interface, and excellent performance indicators. Real-time waveform display provides engineers with an informative user interface. SPD4323X offers a total output power of 240 W with a resolution of 1 mV/1 mA. The maximum voltage and current for each channel are as follows: CH1: 6 V/3.2 A CH2: 32 V/3.2 A CH3: 32 V/3.2 A CH4: 6 V/3.2 A Features Rated output power: 240 W Rated voltage: 32 V, 12 V, 30 V Up to four high-precision power supplies with independent controllable outputs, supporting CH2 and CH3 series and parallel connections Clear graphical interface with waveform and timer display modes 5-digit voltage and current display with minimum resolution of 1 mV, 1 mA Fast output response time: <50us The high current channel support remote voltage compensation sense function. The maximum compensation voltage is 0.6 V Overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection or safe and accurate operation Equipped with a 4.3-inch TFT-LCD display (480 x 272 resolution) USB and LAN standard communication USB-GPIB module is optional Excellent channel density with up to 4 channels in a 3U half rack package Internal data storage for setups and parameters Embedded Web Server with instrument communication that doesn’t require software installation Fully SCPI programming command set support as well as a LabView driver for remote control and system automation Specifications SPD4323X SPD4121X SPD4306X Channel Output CH1: Voltage 0 to 6 V Current 0 to 3.2 ACH2: Voltage 0 to 32 V Current 0 to 3.2 ACH3: Voltage 0 to 32 V Current 0 to 3.2 ACH4: Voltage 0 to 6 V Current 0 to 3.2 A CH1: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1.5 ACH2: Voltage 0 to 12 V Current 0 to 10 ACH3: Voltage 0 to 12 V Current 0 to 10 ACH4: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1.5 A CH1: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1.5 ACH2: Voltage 0 to 30 V Current 0 to 6 ACH3: Voltage 0 to 30 V Current 0 to 6 ACH4: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1 A Resolution 1 mV, 1 mA 1 mV, 1 mA 1 mV, 1 mA Setting Accuracy Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Readback Accuracy Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Display 4.3" TFT-LCD 5-digit voltage and current display 4.3" TFT-LCD 5-digit voltage and current display 4.3" TFT-LCD 5-digit voltage and current display Output power 240 W 285 W 400 W Included 1x Siglent SPD4323X Power Supply 1x Power cord (EU) 1x Output test cord (3 A) 1x USB cable 1x Quick start guide Downloads Datasheet Manual Quick start

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Elektor Magazine EN July/August 2020 (PDF)

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35 Projects for Beginners This book is for hobbyists, students and engineers who want to learn C and how to use an mbed ARM microcontroller in an easy and fun way, without the need for cumbersome software installations. ARM mbed microcontroller NXP LPC1768 The projects in this book are meant for beginners in C and ARM microcontrollers. That doesn't mean the projects are simple, but it does mean that they are easy to understand. We use for example USB communications, a subject that is made so easy by the mbed that it is suitable for a beginners book. Cloud technology The mbed NXP LPC1768 uses cloud technology, a revolutionary concept in software development. This means you do not need to install software on your PC in order to program the mbed! The only thing you need is a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer, and a USB port on your PC. You can get access to your project from any PC anywhere in the world and continue working on it. When you are done a few simple mouse clicks transfer the program to your mbed hardware. Of course you can optionally download the projects and store them on your own PC. Features of this Book Learn how to program an mbed ARM microcontroller using cloud technology. No complicated software installation on your PC needed. Learn programming in C by doing fun and interesting projects. No previous experience or knowledge required. Examples of projects in this book: flashing light, timer, light activated switch, digital thermometer, people detector, USB communication, talking microcontroller, debugging, sound switch, and much more - 35 projects in total. Examples of C subjects in this book: variables, commands, functions, program execution, pointers (introduction).

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LoRaWAN, Sigfox, NB-IoT & LTE-M Compared The Internet of Things depends on a critical question. How do you connect devices that must operate for years on tiny batteries, often miles from the nearest power outlet? This Elektor Technical Brief provides a practical guide to the technologies that have become the backbone of long-range, low-power IoT connectivity. Compiled by the Elektor Content Team, this concise technical brief examines the real engineering tradeoffs behind today’s leading Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) technologies: LoRaWAN, Sigfox, NB-IoT, and LTE-M. By referencing a wide range of Elektor articles and other online content, this document explains why link budget, noise, bandwidth, and power consumption ultimately determine system performance. From there, it explores the architectures, strengths, limitations, and deployment realities of each major LPWAN technology, helping you understand not just how they work, but when and why to use them. Whether you’re designing smart meters, industrial sensors, agricultural monitoring systems, asset trackers, or connected infrastructure, this guide provides the insights needed to make informed connectivity decisions. Along the way, you’ll discover: Why LPWAN technologies emerged and where they fit in the IoT landscape The RF fundamentals that drive range, reliability, and battery life Details about LoRaWAN, Sigfox, NB-IoT, and LTE-M Practical comparisons of power, coverage, latency, cost, and deployment models Guidance for selecting the right LPWAN technology for your application Emerging trends shaping the future of long-range IoT connectivity Clear, accessible, and grounded in real engineering practice, this Technical Brief helps you move beyond specifications and marketing claims to understand what matters most. If you’re building connected products that need to survive in the field — not just in the lab — this is the LPWAN guide you’ll want at your side. Elektor helped launch the first wave of electronics makers in 1961. Since then, our global community has grown by hundreds of thousands of active members (comprising professional engineers, makers, and students) and more than 500 contributing experts. Every day, we inspire members to design and earn money with electronics.

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This bundle gives you everything you need to get started right away with the XIAO ESP32-C3 development board. Learn the fundamentals of the ESP32-C3 and build practical projects with Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, sensors, displays, PWM, Deep Sleep, and much more. Book: Build Smart Projects with the XIAO ESP32-C3 Board The XIAO ESP32-C3 board combines the ultra-compact form factor of the XIAO series with the full capabilities of the ESP32-C3 chip, including integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 5.0. This book is a comprehensive, hands-on guide to getting the most out of this powerful yet affordable development board. The author takes readers from the fundamentals to advanced projects. Starting with LED blinking and dimming, the book progresses to ADC and PWM for precise sensor interfacing and PWM-controlled lighting effects before moving on to building practical, real-world applications, including: A Wi-Fi weather station with an OLED display and real-time online weather data An ultrasonic parking assistant with audible feedback A refrigerator monitoring probe with climate sensing and Deep Sleep for years of battery operation A retro Pong game controlled by a touch-free sensor A microphone-based party app that responds to claps And much more: lighting control, reaction-time measurement, mains frequency analysis, soil moisture sensing, ambient LED lighting, and 7-segment displays Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 has equipped a highly-integrated ESP32-C3 chip, built around a 32-bit RISC-V chip processor with a four-stage pipeline that operates at up to 160 MHz. The board equips highly-integrated ESP32-C3 SoC. The chip has been installed with a complete 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi subsystem which means it supports Station mode, SoftAP mode, SoftAP & Station mode, and promiscuous mode for multiple Wi-Fi applications. It works under an ultra-low power state, also supporting features of Bluetooth 5 and Bluetooth mesh. There are 400 KB SRAM & 4 MB Flash on the chip, allowing for more programming space, and bringing more possibilities to the IoT control scenarios. Applications Internet of Things Wearable devices Health monitoring Education Low-Power networking Rapid prototyping Specifications Processor ESP32-C3 SoC RISC-V single-core 32-bit chip processor with a four-stage pipeline that operates at up to 160 MHz Wireless Complete 2.4GHz Wi-Fi subsystem Bluetooth Low Energy 5.0/ Bluetooth Mesh On-chip Memory 400 KB SRAM & 4 MB Flash Interface 1x UART, 1x I²C, 1x SPI, 11x GPIO (PWM), 4x ADC 1x Reset button, 1x Boot button Power (Typ.) Max 3.3 V Output Current: 500 mA Test Condition: BAT Pin Input @ 3.8 V Source Capability: 3 A Charging current: 380 mA(Fast) / 40 mA(Trickle) Input voltage (VIN): 5 VInput voltage (BAT): 3.7 V Deep Sleep Power Consumption Deep Sleep Mode: 44 μA Wi-Fi Enabled Power Consumption Active Mode: 75 mA Modem-sleep Mode: 25 mA Light-sleep Mode: 4 mA BLE Enabled Power Consumption Modem-sleep Mode: 27 mA Light-sleep Mode: 10 mA Dimensions 21 x 17.8 mm Included 1x Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 1x Antenna 2x 7-pin header Downloads Wiki Datasheet This bundle contains: Book: Build Smart Projects with the XIAO ESP32-C3 Board (normal price: €35) Board: Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 (normal price: €10)

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The story of the engineers who shaped the world's most powerful chip machines How do you transform a hopeless research and business activity into a billion-dollar machine and a world-leading company? The Dutch enterprise ASML pulled it off, and the book ASML’s Architects by renowned technology writer René Raaijmakers reveals exactly how. ASML's Architects travels back to the origins, struggles, success factors and sheer luck of a company that was barely alive at the beginning of the 80s, yet managed to become the uncontested world leader in chip lithography. Today, ASML determines the pace at which all information technology advances. The book covers the technology and the business, but the real story is in the people behind them. Throughout its pages, the interviewed engineers, scientists and managers speak frankly about their struggles, their fights and the grueling teamwork behind the scenes. Downloads Preface and Introduction The Violin Maker (Chapter 5) The Reunion (Chapter 23) A Movie for IBM (Chapter 64)

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