Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. OBD2 Sensor DashboardOld Dials Sparked a Quest for Real Data OBD2: Add a Rev Counter and Gear Shift Indicator to Your CarRetro, but Super Useful LiDAR and Vision Sensors for Robotics Sensor+Test 2025 and PCIM 2025 Contact-Free E-Field Measurements (1)A Vibrating Membrane for Assessing DC Voltages or Static Electric Fields Wireless Mailbox NotifierFrom Optical Sensors to Radar, Exploring a Few Options Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot Solar CellsPeculiar Parts, the Series Getting Started With a Modern Radar SensorIs an Accurate Measurement on Your Radar? From Life’s ExperiencePaper Factory CybersecurityTough Times for Hackers Siglent Presents Next-Gen Multi-Channel OscilloscopesHigh-Performance Solutions for Modern Power and Embedded Systems Bluetooth 6.0 Brings Enhanced Distance-Ranging ApplicationsNew Version Offers Improved Device Positioning and Location Services Exploring Wireless Communication with BeagleY-AI Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Starting Out in Electronics……Concludes the Topic on Opamps A Powerful AI Code AssistantSpeed Up Your Development with Continue and Visual Studio Code Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (2)The Circuit Ultrasonic Obstacle DetectorA Simple Project to Help Those with Impaired Vision 2025: An AI OdysseyMid-Year Review Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (3)Making It Smarter and Adding a User Interface Meshtastic: A Demo ProjectAn Intelligent Mesh of LoRa Radios Analog Audio Frequency GeneratorHigh-Quality Adjustable Frequency Sine Wave Generator

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. OBD2 Sensor DashboardOld Dials Sparked a Quest for Real Data OBD2: Add a Rev Counter and Gear Shift Indicator to Your CarRetro, but Super Useful LiDAR and Vision Sensors for Robotics Sensor+Test 2025 and PCIM 2025 Contact-Free E-Field Measurements (1)A Vibrating Membrane for Assessing DC Voltages or Static Electric Fields Wireless Mailbox NotifierFrom Optical Sensors to Radar, Exploring a Few Options Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot Solar CellsPeculiar Parts, the Series Getting Started With a Modern Radar SensorIs an Accurate Measurement on Your Radar? From Life’s ExperiencePaper Factory CybersecurityTough Times for Hackers Siglent Presents Next-Gen Multi-Channel OscilloscopesHigh-Performance Solutions for Modern Power and Embedded Systems Bluetooth 6.0 Brings Enhanced Distance-Ranging ApplicationsNew Version Offers Improved Device Positioning and Location Services Exploring Wireless Communication with BeagleY-AI Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Starting Out in Electronics……Concludes the Topic on Opamps A Powerful AI Code AssistantSpeed Up Your Development with Continue and Visual Studio Code Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (2)The Circuit Ultrasonic Obstacle DetectorA Simple Project to Help Those with Impaired Vision 2025: An AI OdysseyMid-Year Review Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (3)Making It Smarter and Adding a User Interface Meshtastic: A Demo ProjectAn Intelligent Mesh of LoRa Radios Analog Audio Frequency GeneratorHigh-Quality Adjustable Frequency Sine Wave Generator

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This collection features the best of Elektor Magazine's articles on embedded systems and artificial intelligence. From hands-on programming guides to innovative AI experiments, these pieces offer valuable insights and practical knowledge for engineers, developers, and enthusiasts exploring the evolving intersection of hardware design, software innovation, and intelligent technology. Contents Programming PICs from the Ground UpAssembler routine to output a sine wave Object-Oriented ProgrammingA Short Primer Using C++ Programming an FPGA Tracking Down Microcontroller Buffer Overflows with 0xDEADBEEF Too Quick to Code and Too Slow to Test? Understanding the Neurons in Neural NetworksEmbedded Neurons MAUI Programming for PC, Tablet, and SmartphoneThe New Framework in Theory and Practice USB Killer DetectorBetter Safe Than Sorry Understanding the Neurons in Neural NetworksArtificial Neurons A Bare-Metal Programming Guide Part 1: For STM32 and Other Controllers Part 2: Accurate Timing, the UART, and Debugging Part 3: CMSIS Headers, Automatic Testing, and a Web Server Introduction to TinyMLBig Is Not Always Better Microprocessors for Embedded SystemsPeculiar Parts, the Series FPGAs for BeginnersThe Path From MCU to FPGA Programming AI in Electronics DevelopmentAn Update After Only One Year AI in the Electronics LabGoogle Bard and Flux Copilot Put to the Test ESP32 and ChatGPTOn the Way to a Self-Programming System… Audio DSP FX Processor Board Part 1: Features and Design Part 2: Creating Applications Rust + EmbeddedA Development Power Duo A Smart Object CounterImage Recognition Made Easy with Edge Impulse Universal Garden LoggerA Step Towards AI Gardening A VHDL ClockMade with ChatGPT TensorFlow Lite on Small MicrocontrollersA (Very) Beginner’s Point of View Mosquito DetectionUsing Open Datasets and Arduino Nicla Vision Artificial Intelligence Timeline Intro to AI AlgorithmsPrompt: Which Algorithms Implement Each AI Tool? Bringing AI to the Edgewith ESP32-P4 The Growing Role of Edge AIA Trend Shaping the Future

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For Speed, Area, Power, and Reliability This book teaches the fundamentals of FPGA operation, covering basic CMOS transistor theory to designing digital FPGA chips using LUTs, flip-flops, and embedded memories. Ideal for electrical engineers aiming to design large digital chips using FPGA technology. Discover: The inner workings of FPGA architecture and functionality. Hardware Description Languages (HDL) like Verilog and VHDL. The EDA tool flow for converting HDL source into a functional FPGA chip design. Insider tips for reliable, low power, and high performance FPGA designs. Example designs include: Computer-to-FPGA UART serial communication. An open-source Sump3 logic analyzer implementation. A fully functional graphics controller. What you need: Digilent BASYS3 or similar FPGA eval board with an AMD/Xilinx FPGA. Vivado EDA tool suite (available for download from AMD website free of charge). Project source files available from author’s GitHub site.

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For Speed, Area, Power, and Reliability This book teaches the fundamentals of FPGA operation, covering basic CMOS transistor theory to designing digital FPGA chips using LUTs, flip-flops, and embedded memories. Ideal for electrical engineers aiming to design large digital chips using FPGA technology. Discover: The inner workings of FPGA architecture and functionality. Hardware Description Languages (HDL) like Verilog and VHDL. The EDA tool flow for converting HDL source into a functional FPGA chip design. Insider tips for reliable, low power, and high performance FPGA designs. Example designs include: Computer-to-FPGA UART serial communication. An open-source Sump3 logic analyzer implementation. A fully functional graphics controller. What you need: Digilent BASYS3 or similar FPGA eval board with an AMD/Xilinx FPGA. Vivado EDA tool suite (available for download from AMD website free of charge). Project source files available from author’s GitHub site.

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Learn KiCad with Peter Dalmaris The Academy Pro Box "Design PCBs like a Pro" offers a complete, structured training programme in PCB design, combining online learning with practical application. Based on Peter Dalmaris’ KiCad course, the 15-week programme integrates video lessons, printed materials (books), and hands-on projects to ensure participants not only understand the theory but also develop the skills to apply it in practice. Unlike standard courses, the Academy Pro Box provides a guided learning path with weekly milestones and physical components to design, test, and produce working PCBs. This approach supports a deeper learning experience and better knowledge retention. The box is ideal for engineers, students, and professionals who want to develop practical PCB design expertise using open-source tools. With the added option to have their final project manufactured, participants complete the programme with real results – ready for use, testing, or further development. Learn by doing Build skills. Design real boards. Generate Gerbers. Place your first order. This isn’t just a course – it’s a complete project journey from idea to product. You’ll walk away with: Working knowledge of KiCad’s tools Confidence designing your own PCBs A fully manufacturable circuit board – made by you What's inside the Box (Course)? Both volumes of "KiCad Like a Pro" (valued at €105) Vol 1: Fundamentals and Projects Vol 2: Advanced Projects and Recipes Coupon code to join the bestselling KiCad 9 online course by Peter Dalmaris on Udemy, featuring 20+ hours of video training. You'll complete three full design projects: Breadboard Power Supply Tiny Solar Power Supply Datalogger with EEPROM and Clock Voucher from Eurocircuits for the production of PCBs (worth €85 excl. VAT) Learning Material (of this Box/Course) 15-Week Learning Program ▶  Click here to open Week 1: Setup, Fundamentals, and First Steps in PCB Design Week 2: Starting Your First PCB Project – Schematic Capture Week 3: PCB Layout – From Netlist to Board Design Week 4: Design Principles, Libraries, and Workflow Week 5: Your First Real-World PCB Project Week 6: Custom Libraries – Symbols, Footprints, and Workflow Week 7: Advanced Tools – Net Classes, Rules, Zones, Routing Week 8: Manufacturing Files, BOMs, and PCB Ordering Week 9: Advanced Finishing Techniques – Graphics, Refinement, and Production Quality Week 10: Tiny Solar Power Supply – From Schematic to Layout Week 11: Tiny Solar Power Supply – PCB Layout and Production Prep Week 12: ESP32 Clone Project – Schematic Design and Layout Prep Week 13: ESP32 Clone – PCB Layout and Manufacturing Prep Week 14: Final Improvements and Advanced Features Week 15: Productivity Tools, Simulation, and Automation KiCad Course with 18 Lessons on Udemy (by Peter Dalmaris) ▶  Click here to open Introduction Getting started with PCB design Getting started with KiCad Project: A hands-on tour of KiCad (Schematic Design) Project: A hands-on tour of KiCad (Layout) Design principles and PCB terms Design workflow and considerations Fundamental KiCad how-to: Symbols and Eeschema Fundamental KiCad how-to: Footprints and Pcbnew Project: Design a simple breadboard power supply PCB Project: Tiny Solar Power Supply Project: MCU datalogger with build-in 512K EEPROM and clock Recipes KiCad 9 new features and improvements Legacy (from previous versions of KiCad) KiCad 7 update (Legacy) (Legacy) Gettings started with KiCad Bonus lecture About the Author Dr. Peter Dalmaris, PhD is an educator, an electrical engineer and Maker. Creator of online video courses on DIY electronics and author of several technical books. As a Chief Tech Explorer since 2013 at Tech Explorations, the company he founded in Sydney, Australia, Peter's mission is to explore technology and help educate the world. What is Elektor Academy Pro? Elektor Academy Pro delivers specialized learning solutions designed for professionals, engineering teams, and technical experts in the electronics and embedded systems industry. It enables individuals and organizations to expand their practical knowledge, enhance their skills, and stay ahead of the curve through high-quality resources and hands-on training tools. From real-world projects and expert-led courses to in-depth technical insights, Elektor empowers engineers to tackle today’s electronics and embedded systems challenges. Our educational offerings include Academy Books, Pro Boxes, Webinars, Conferences, and industry-focused B2B magazines – all created with professional development in mind. Whether you're an engineer, R&D specialist, or technical decision-maker, Elektor Academy Pro bridges the gap between theory and practice, helping you master emerging technologies and drive innovation within your organization.

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Master FPGA programming with the Red Pitaya Academy Pro Box. Learn Verilog and build a real-time audio processing system using Red Pitaya – with a full online course and hands-on project materials. The Academy Pro Box "Learn FPGA Programming with Verilog" is a complete learning solution for students, engineers and developers looking to gain hands-on experience with FPGA programming in Verilog. Combining theory with practice, the programme integrates a well-established Udemy course on Verilog fundamentals with nine exclusive practical modules developed by Elektor & Red Pitaya, designed specifically for the Red Pitaya STEMlab platform. Participants work with real hardware – delivered as part of the box – including the Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 Starter Kit and essential electronic components, enabling them to apply their knowledge immediately through real-world test setups. This combination of guided theory and structured experimentation ensures not only a strong understanding of FPGA principles, but also the ability to implement and verify designs independently. The box is aimed at professionals and advanced learners who want to go beyond simulation and gain practical skills in digital design. By the end of the programme, participants will have completed working FPGA projects, using industry-relevant tools and workflows – making this a valuable resource for academic & career development and technical innovation. What you’ll learn? Fundamentals of FPGA and Verilog Programming How to simulate, synthesize & implement digital circuits How to interface audio hardware with your FPGA Real-time Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques How to build, test, and customize audio filters Perfect for Professionals looking to level up their skills in Digital System Design Designers aiming to accelerate time-to-market for their applications Engineers pushing the boundaries of technological innovation Support when you need it In-depth troubleshooting in the course Community forums & Red Pitaya documentation Udemy Q&A and hardware support email What's inside the Box (Course)? Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 Starter Kit (valued at €550) 1x STEMlab 125-14 board 1x USB power supply (EU, UK & US) 1x microSD card (16 GB) with pre-installed OS 1x Ethernet cable Extra: 2x Oscilloscope Probes Extra: 2x SMA to BNC adapters Microphone & speaker set with cables Step-by-step project guide Downloadable code templates and schematics Lifetime access to a complete, self-paced Udemy course on Verilog Learning Material (of this Box/Course) 9 Practical Modules with Red Pitaya ▶  Click here to open Introduction Setting Up the Vivado Development Environment Project Setup & Vivado Integration Synthesis, Implementation & Bitstream Generation FPGA Image Overview First FPGA Projects – LEDs Full Audio Pass-Through Module 5 kHz Low-Pass Filter (4-Pole Cascade) Real-Time Microphone Input → Speaker Output Verilog Course with 28 Lessons on Udemy ▶  Click here to open Installing Vivado Vivado Design Flow Part 1 Vivado Design Flow Part 2 Commonly Asked Question’s from previous Module Fundamentals of Verilog Commonly Asked Question’s from previous Module Modeling Styles Assignment Operators in Verilog FAQ Behavioral Modeling Style Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Gate Level Modeling Style Switch level Modeling Style Structural Modeling Style Schematic based Design Entry with IP integrator and Xilinx IP's Memories Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Finite State Machines Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Writing Testbenches Hardware Debugging with Vivado Required Hardware v File I/0 Projects RTL for Synthesis FPGA Architecture Fundamentals Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Interview Preparations Next Step What is Elektor Academy Pro? Elektor Academy Pro delivers specialized learning solutions designed for professionals, engineering teams, and technical experts in the electronics and embedded systems industry. It enables individuals and organizations to expand their practical knowledge, enhance their skills, and stay ahead of the curve through high-quality resources and hands-on training tools. From real-world projects and expert-led courses to in-depth technical insights, Elektor empowers engineers to tackle today’s electronics and embedded systems challenges. Our educational offerings include Academy Books, Pro Boxes, Webinars, Conferences, and industry-focused B2B magazines – all created with professional development in mind. Whether you're an engineer, R&D specialist, or technical decision-maker, Elektor Academy Pro bridges the gap between theory and practice, helping you master emerging technologies and drive innovation within your organization.

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Build your textbook weather station or conduct environmental research together with the whole world. With many practical projects for Arduino, Raspberry Pi, NodeMCU, ESP32, and other development boards. Weather stations have enjoyed great popularity for decades. Every current and even every long discontinued electronics magazine has regularly featured articles on building your own weather station. Over the years, they have become increasingly sophisticated and can now be fully integrated into an automated home — although this often requires loyalty to an (expensive) brand manufacturer across all components. With your own weather and environmental data, you can keep up and measure things that no commercial station can. It’s also fun: expand your knowledge of electronics, current microcontroller development boards and programming languages in a fun and meaningful way. For less than 10 euros you can get started and record your first environmental data — with time and growing interest, you will continue to expand your system. In this Edition Which Microcontroller Fits My Project? The Right Development Environment Tracking Wind and Weather Weather Display with OpenWeatherMap and Vacuum Fluorescent Display Volatile Organic Compounds in the Air We Breathe Working with MQ Sensors: Measuring Carbon Monoxide — Odorless but Toxic CO2 Traffic Light with ThingSpeak IoT Connection An Automatic Plant Watering System Good Indoor Climate: Temperature and Humidity are Important criteria Classy Thermometer with Vintage Tube Technology Nostalgic Weather House for the Whole Family Measuring Air Pressure and Temperature Accurately Sunburn Warning Device DIY Sensor for Sunshine Duration Simple Smartphone Says: Fog or Clear View? Identifying Earthquakes Liquid Level Measurement for Vessels and Reservoirs Water pH Value Measurement Detecting Radioactive Radiation GPS: Sensor Location Service Across the Globe Saving and Timestamping Log Files on SD Cards LoRaWAN, The Things Network, and ThingSpeak Operating a LoRaWAN Gateway for TTN Defying "Wind and Weather" Mega Display with Weather Forecasz

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Build your textbook weather station or conduct environmental research together with the whole world. With many practical projects for Arduino, Raspberry Pi, NodeMCU, ESP32, and other development boards. Weather stations have enjoyed great popularity for decades. Every current and even every long discontinued electronics magazine has regularly featured articles on building your own weather station. Over the years, they have become increasingly sophisticated and can now be fully integrated into an automated home — although this often requires loyalty to an (expensive) brand manufacturer across all components. With your own weather and environmental data, you can keep up and measure things that no commercial station can. It’s also fun: expand your knowledge of electronics, current microcontroller development boards and programming languages in a fun and meaningful way. For less than 10 euros you can get started and record your first environmental data — with time and growing interest, you will continue to expand your system. In this Edition Which Microcontroller Fits My Project? The Right Development Environment Tracking Wind and Weather Weather Display with OpenWeatherMap and Vacuum Fluorescent Display Volatile Organic Compounds in the Air We Breathe Working with MQ Sensors: Measuring Carbon Monoxide — Odorless but Toxic CO2 Traffic Light with ThingSpeak IoT Connection An Automatic Plant Watering System Good Indoor Climate: Temperature and Humidity are Important criteria Classy Thermometer with Vintage Tube Technology Nostalgic Weather House for the Whole Family Measuring Air Pressure and Temperature Accurately Sunburn Warning Device DIY Sensor for Sunshine Duration Simple Smartphone Says: Fog or Clear View? Identifying Earthquakes Liquid Level Measurement for Vessels and Reservoirs Water pH Value Measurement Detecting Radioactive Radiation GPS: Sensor Location Service Across the Globe Saving and Timestamping Log Files on SD Cards LoRaWAN, The Things Network, and ThingSpeak Operating a LoRaWAN Gateway for TTN Defying "Wind and Weather" Mega Display with Weather Forecasz

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Two reasons can be identified for the immense success of the Arduino platform. First, the cheap, ready to go processor board greatly simplifies the introduction to hardware. The second success factor is the free and open-source programming suite that does not require an installation procedure. Simple entry-level examples ensure rapid successes. Complex selection procedures for parameters like the microprocessor version or interface settings are not required. The first sample programs can be uploaded to the Arduino board, and tested, in a matter of minutes. The Arduino user is supported by an array of software libraries. However, the daily increasing volume of libraries poses initial problems to the newcomer, and the way ahead may be uncertain after a few entry-level examples. In many cases, detailed descriptions are missing, and poorly described projects tend to confuse rather than elucidate. Clear guidance and a single motto are missing, usually owing to the projects having been created by several different persons—all with different aims in mind. This book represents a different approach. All projects are presented in a systematical manner, guiding into various theme areas. In the coverage of must-know theory great attention is given to practical directions users can absorb, including essential programming techniques like A/D conversion, timers and interrupts—all contained in the hands-on projects. In this way readers of the book create running lights, a wakeup light, fully functional voltmeters, precision digital thermometers, clocks of many varieties, reaction speed meters, or mouse controlled robotic arms. While actively working on these projects the reader gets to truly comprehend and master the basics of the underlying controller technology.

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How Humanity Turned Electricity into Electronics "The story of electricity, told one connection at a time."Why does rubbing amber attract dust? How did we go from that curious effect to a world where screens respond to a single touch? And how did we get from mysterious sparks to tiny chips packed with billions of transistors? For centuries, electricity puzzled and fascinated those who encountered its curious effects—long before it even had a name. From the earliest observations of static charge to the complex electronics that shape our lives today, this book traces the gradual, and often surprising, story of how humanity came to understand and harness this powerful force. This book offers an engaging and accessible account of the people, ideas, and inventions that transformed electricity from a scientific curiosity into the foundation of our digital age. Along the way, you’ll meet a host of inquisitive minds—some famous, others less so—whose persistence and creativity helped unravel the mysteries of the natural world and gave rise to the technologies we now take for granted. Covering everything from Leyden jars and batteries to transistors, microcontrollers and the internet, this book presents a clear and enjoyable overview of electronics and its relatively short, yet rich, history. Whether you have a technical background or simply a curiosity about how things work, From Rubbing Amber to Swiping Glass offers a thoughtful look at how far we’ve come—and a gentle nudge to wonder what might come next.

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Understanding and Using Them Effectively What happens in electronics is invisible to the naked eye. The instrument that allows to accurately visualize electrical signals, the one through which the effects of electronics become apparent to us, is the oscilloscope. Alas, when one first ventures into electronics, it is often without an oscilloscope. And one is left fumbling, both physically and mentally. Observing an electrical signal on a screen for the first time is a revelation. Nobody wishes to forgo that marvel again. There is no turning back. In electronics, if one wishes to progress with both enjoyment and understanding, an oscilloscope is essential. This marks the beginning of a period of questioning: how to choose one? And no sooner is that question answered than a whole string of others arises, which can be summed up in just one: how does one use the oscilloscope in such a way that what it displays truly reflects the reality of the signals? Rémy Mallard is a passionate communicator with a gift for making complex technical subjects understandable and engaging. In this book, he provides clear answers to essential questions about using an oscilloscope and offers a wealth of guidance to help readers explore and understand the electrical signals behind electronic systems. With his accessible style and practical insights, this book is a valuable tool for anyone eager to deepen their understanding of electronics.

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Understanding and Using Them Effectively What happens in electronics is invisible to the naked eye. The instrument that allows to accurately visualize electrical signals, the one through which the effects of electronics become apparent to us, is the oscilloscope. Alas, when one first ventures into electronics, it is often without an oscilloscope. And one is left fumbling, both physically and mentally. Observing an electrical signal on a screen for the first time is a revelation. Nobody wishes to forgo that marvel again. There is no turning back. In electronics, if one wishes to progress with both enjoyment and understanding, an oscilloscope is essential. This marks the beginning of a period of questioning: how to choose one? And no sooner is that question answered than a whole string of others arises, which can be summed up in just one: how does one use the oscilloscope in such a way that what it displays truly reflects the reality of the signals? Rémy Mallard is a passionate communicator with a gift for making complex technical subjects understandable and engaging. In this book, he provides clear answers to essential questions about using an oscilloscope and offers a wealth of guidance to help readers explore and understand the electrical signals behind electronic systems. With his accessible style and practical insights, this book is a valuable tool for anyone eager to deepen their understanding of electronics.

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A Retro Roll with a Neon Soul LED-based dice are common, but their light is cold. Not so for this electronic neon dice, which displays its value with the warm glow of neon lamps. It is perfect for playing games on cold, dark winter evenings. The pips of the dice are neon lamps and the random number generator has six neon lamps to show that it is working. Even though the dice has an on-board 100-V power supply, it is completely safe. As with all Elektor Classic products, the dice too has its circuit diagram printed on the front while an explanation of how the circuit works can be found on the rear side. The Neon Lamp Dice comes as a kit of easy-to-solder through-hole parts. The power supply is a 9-V battery (not included). Features Warm Vintage Glow Elektor Heritage Circuit Symbols Tried & Tested by Elektor Labs Educational & Geeky Project Through-Hole Parts Only Included Printed Circuit Board All Components Wooden Stand Required 9 V battery Component List Resistors (THT, 150 V, 0.25 W) R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R14 = 1 MΩ R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 = 18 kΩ R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, R21, R23, R24, R25, R26, R28, R30, R33 = 100 kΩ R32, R34 = 1.2 kΩ R19, R20, R22, R27, R29 = 4.7 kΩ R31 = 1 Ω Capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 = 470 nF, 50 V, 5 mm pitch C7, C9, C11, C12 = 1 µF, 16 V, 2 mm pitch C8 = 470 pF, 50 V, 5 mm pitch C10 = 1 µF, 250 V, 2.5 mm pitch Inductors L1 = 470 µH Semiconductors D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7 = 1N4148 D8 = STPS1150 IC1 = NE555 IC2 = 74HC374 IC3 = MC34063 IC4 = 78L05 T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 = MPSA42 T6 = STQ2LN60K3-AP Miscellaneous K1 = PP3 9 V battery holder NE1, NE2, NE3, NE4, NE5, NE6, NE7, NE8, NE9, NE10, NE11, NE12, NE13 = neon light S2 = Miniature slide switch S1 = Pushbutton (12 x 12 mm)

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PbMonitor v1.0A Battery-Monitoring System for UPS and Energy Storage Applications Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (1)Basic Principles of a Solar Controller for Stand-Alone Systems B-Field Integration Magnetometer With Home-Made Sensors Precise or Accurate?Your Instruments Need to Be Both! AD7124 A Precision ADC in PracticeFeatures for Sensor Signal Conditioning PID Control ToolOptimize Your Parameters Easily embedded world 2025 Starting Out in Electronics……Continues with Tone Control Academy Pro BoxBook + Online Course + Hardware Milliohmmeter AdapterUses the Precision of Your Multimeter The Next Leap in SemiconductorsOnward Toward 1.4 nm Through-Hole Technology ConnectorsThe Best of Two Worlds: THR Frequency CounterPortable and Auto-Calibrating Via GPS Analog MetersPeculiar Parts, the Series Stand-Alone Crystal TesterHow Accurate Is Your Clock Source? Low-Cost I²C TesterConnect I²C Devices Directly to Your PC From Life’s ExperienceWho Doesn’t Honor the Small Things? 2025: An AI OdysseyThe Transformative Impact on Software Development Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (2)Enhancing Our Setup with Intelligence Nortonized Wien Bridge OscillatorSmall Changes Yield Significant Improvements Putting a $0.10 Controller to the TestThe CH32V003 RISC-V Microcontroller and MounRiver Studio in Practice An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (2)Adding Volume Control, Advanced Mixing, and a Web Interface

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PbMonitor v1.0A Battery-Monitoring System for UPS and Energy Storage Applications Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (1)Basic Principles of a Solar Controller for Stand-Alone Systems B-Field Integration Magnetometer With Home-Made Sensors Precise or Accurate?Your Instruments Need to Be Both! AD7124 A Precision ADC in PracticeFeatures for Sensor Signal Conditioning PID Control ToolOptimize Your Parameters Easily embedded world 2025 Starting Out in Electronics……Continues with Tone Control Academy Pro BoxBook + Online Course + Hardware Milliohmmeter AdapterUses the Precision of Your Multimeter The Next Leap in SemiconductorsOnward Toward 1.4 nm Through-Hole Technology ConnectorsThe Best of Two Worlds: THR Frequency CounterPortable and Auto-Calibrating Via GPS Analog MetersPeculiar Parts, the Series Stand-Alone Crystal TesterHow Accurate Is Your Clock Source? Low-Cost I²C TesterConnect I²C Devices Directly to Your PC From Life’s ExperienceWho Doesn’t Honor the Small Things? 2025: An AI OdysseyThe Transformative Impact on Software Development Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (2)Enhancing Our Setup with Intelligence Nortonized Wien Bridge OscillatorSmall Changes Yield Significant Improvements Putting a $0.10 Controller to the TestThe CH32V003 RISC-V Microcontroller and MounRiver Studio in Practice An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (2)Adding Volume Control, Advanced Mixing, and a Web Interface

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Resonances From Aether Days A Pictorial and Technical Analysis from WWII to the Internet Age From the birth of radio to the late 1980s, much of real life unfolded through shortwave communication. World War II demonstrated—beyond a shadow of a doubt—that effective communications equipment was a vital prerequisite for military success. In the postwar years, shortwave became the backbone on which many of the world's most critical services depended every day. All the radio equipment—through whose cathodes, grids, plates, and transistors so much of human history has flowed—is an exceptional subject of study and enjoyment for those of us who are passionate about vintage electronics. In this book, which begins in the aftermath of World War II, you’ll find a rich collection of information: descriptions, tips, technical notes, photos, and schematics that will be valuable for anyone interested in restoring—or simply learning about—these extraordinary witnesses to one of the most remarkable eras in technological history. My hope is that these pages will help preserve this vast treasure of knowledge, innovation, and history—a heritage that far transcends the purely technical.

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This USB Stick contains more than 300 Arduino-related articles published in Elektor Magazine. The content includes both background articles and projects on the following topics: Software & hardware development: Tutorials on Arduino software development using Arduino IDE, Atmel Studio, Shields, and essential programming concepts. Learning: The Microcontroller Bootcamp offers a structured approach to programming embedded systems. Data acquisition & measurement: Projects such as a 16-bit data logger, lathe tachometer, and an AC grid analyzer for capturing and analyzing real-time signals. Wireless communication: Learn how to implement wireless networks, create an Android interface, and communicate effectively with microcontrollers. Robotics and automation: This covers the Arduino Nano Robot Controller, supporting boards for automation, and explores various Arduino shields to enhance functionality. Self-build projects: Unique projects such as laser projection, Numitron clock and thermometer, ELF receiver, Theremino, and touch LED interfaces highlight creative applications. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced maker, this collection is a valuable resource for learning, experimenting, and pushing the boundaries of Arduino technology.

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From Theory to Practical Applications in Wireless Energy Transfer and Harvesting Wireless power transmission has gained significant global interest, particularly with the rise of electric vehicles and the Internet of Things (IoT). It’s a technology that allows the transfer of electricity without physical connections, offering solutions for everything from powering small devices over short distances to long-range energy transmission for more complex systems. Wireless Power Design provides a balanced mix of theoretical knowledge and practical insights, helping you explore the potential of wireless energy transfer and harvesting technologies. The book presents a series of hands-on projects that cover various aspects of wireless power systems, each accompanied by detailed explanations and parameter listings. The following five projects guide you through key areas of wireless power: Project 1: Wireless Powering of Advanced IoT Devices Project 2: Wireless Powered Devices on the Frontline – The Future and Challenges Project 3: Wireless Powering of Devices Using Inductive Technology Project 4: Wireless Power Transmission for IoT Devices Project 5: Charging Robot Crawler Inside the Pipeline These projects explore different aspects of wireless power, from inductive charging to wireless energy transmission, offering practical solutions for real-world applications. The book includes projects that use simulation tools like CST Microwave Studio and Keysight ADS for design and analysis, with a focus on practical design considerations and real-world implementation techniques.

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From Theory to Practical Applications in Wireless Energy Transfer and Harvesting Wireless power transmission has gained significant global interest, particularly with the rise of electric vehicles and the Internet of Things (IoT). It’s a technology that allows the transfer of electricity without physical connections, offering solutions for everything from powering small devices over short distances to long-range energy transmission for more complex systems. Wireless Power Design provides a balanced mix of theoretical knowledge and practical insights, helping you explore the potential of wireless energy transfer and harvesting technologies. The book presents a series of hands-on projects that cover various aspects of wireless power systems, each accompanied by detailed explanations and parameter listings. The following five projects guide you through key areas of wireless power: Project 1: Wireless Powering of Advanced IoT Devices Project 2: Wireless Powered Devices on the Frontline – The Future and Challenges Project 3: Wireless Powering of Devices Using Inductive Technology Project 4: Wireless Power Transmission for IoT Devices Project 5: Charging Robot Crawler Inside the Pipeline These projects explore different aspects of wireless power, from inductive charging to wireless energy transmission, offering practical solutions for real-world applications. The book includes projects that use simulation tools like CST Microwave Studio and Keysight ADS for design and analysis, with a focus on practical design considerations and real-world implementation techniques.

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Over 180 Projects with Raspberry Pi, Pico W, Arduino, and ESP32 This bundle contains the Universal Maker Sensor Kit, which consists of many sensors, actuators, displays, and motors. It’s perfect for environmental monitoring, smart home projects, robotics, and game controllers. The new Elektor book describes the design of many projects using the kit together with the popular Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Pico W, Arduino Uno, and the ESP32 family of development boards. You can choose any of these development boards for your projects and either use the provided programs as they are, or modify these programs to suit your applications. This bundle contains: NEW Book: Universal Maker Sensor Kit (normal price: €45) Universal Maker Sensor Kit (for Raspberry Pi, Pico W, Arduino, ESP32) (normal price: €70) Raspberry Pi Pico W (normal price: €8) Book: Universal Maker Sensor Kit Learn to use more than 35 Sensors and Actuators with C++, Python, and MicroPython This book contains over 180 projects for all four major development boards (Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Pico W, and ESP32). Depending on the development board, projects are available in the C, Python, or MicroPython programming languages. The project titles, brief descriptions, wiring diagrams, and full program listings together with their detailed descriptions are given in the guide. Universal Maker Sensor Kit (for Raspberry Pi, Pico W, Arduino, ESP32) Discover endless creativity with the Universal Maker Sensor Kit, designed for use with Raspberry Pi, Pico W, Arduino, and ESP32. This versatile kit offers compatibility across popular development platforms, including Arduino Uno R4 Minima/WiFi, Uno R3, Mega 2560, Raspberry Pi 5, 4, 3B+, 3B, Zero, Pico W, and ESP32. Featuring over 35 sensors, actuators, and displays, it's perfect for projects ranging from environmental monitoring and smart home automation to robotics and interactive gaming. Step-by-step tutorials in C/C++, Python, and MicroPython guide beginners and experienced makers alike through 169 exciting projects. Features Wide Compatibility: Fully supports Arduino (Uno R3, Uno R4 Minima/WiFi, Mega 2560), Raspberry Pi (5, 4, 3B+, 3B, Zero, Pico W), and ESP32, enabling extensive flexibility across numerous development platforms. Includes instructions for building 169 projects. Comprehensive Components: Features more than 35 sensors, actuators, and display modules suitable for diverse projects such as environmental monitoring, smart home automation, robotics, and interactive game controllers. Detailed Tutorials: Provides clear, step-by-step tutorials covering Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Pico W, ESP32, and each included component. Tutorials are available in C/C++, Python, and MicroPython, catering effectively to both beginners and experienced makers. Suitable for All Skill Levels: Offers structured projects designed to guide users seamlessly from beginner to advanced proficiency in electronics and programming, enhancing creativity and technical expertise. Included Breadboard Button Module Capacitive Soil Moisture Module Flame Sensor Module Gas/Smoke Sensor Module (MQ2) Gyroscope & Accelerometer Module (MPU6050) Hall Sensor Module Infrared Speed Sensor Module IR Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module Joystick Module PCF8591 ADC DAC Converter Module Photoresistor Module PIR Motion Module (HC-SR501) Potentiometer Module Pulse Oximeter and Heart Rate Sensor Module (MAX30102) Raindrop Detection Module Real Time Clock Module (DS1302) Rotary Encoder Module Temperature Sensor Module (DS18B20) Temperature and Humidity Sensor Module (DHT11) Temperature, Humidity & Pressure Sensor (BMP280) Time of Flight Micro-LIDAR Distance Sensor (VL53L0X) Touch Sensor Module Ultrasonic Sensor Module (HC-SR04) Vibration Sensor Module (SW-420) Water Level Sensor Module I²C LCD 1602 OLED Display Module (SSD1306) RGB LED Module Traffic Light Module 5 V Relay Module Centrifugal Pump L9110 Motor Driver Module Passive Buzzer Module Servo Motor (SG90) TT Motor ESP8266 Module JDY-31 Bluetooth Module Power Supply Module Documentation Online Tutorial

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This bundle contains the popular Elektor Sand Clock for Raspberry Pi Pico and the new Elektor Laser Head Upgrade, offering even more options for displaying the time. Not only can you "engrave" the current time in sand, you can now alternatively write it on a glow-in-the-dark foil or create green drawings. Contents of the bundle Elektor Sand Clock for Raspberry Pi Pico (normal price: €50) NEW: Elektor Laser Head Upgrade for Sand Clock (normal price: €35) Elektor Sand Clock for Raspberry Pi (Raspberry Pi-based Eye Catcher) A standard sand clock just shows how time passes. In contrast, this Raspberry Pi Pico-controlled sand clock shows the exact time by "engraving" the four digits for hour and minute into the layer of sand. After an adjustable time the sand is flattened out by two vibration motors and everything begins all over again. At the heart of the sand clock are two servo motors driving a writing pen through a pantograph mechanism. A third servo motor lifts the pen up and down. The sand container is equipped with two vibration motors to flatten the sand. The electronic part of the sand clock consists of a Raspberry Pi Pico and an RTC/driver board with a real-time clock, plus driver circuits for the servo motors. A detailed construction manual is available for downloading. Features Dimensions: 135 x 110 x 80 mm Build time: approx. 1.5 to 2 hours Included 3x Precut acrylic sheets with all mechanical parts 3x Mini servo motors 2x Vibration motors 1x Raspberry Pi Pico 1x RTC/driver board with assembled parts Nuts, bolts, spacers, and wires for the assembly Fine-grained white sand Elektor Laser Head Upgrade for Sand Clock The new Elektor Laser Head transforms the Sand Clock into a clock that writes the time on glow-in-the-dark film instead of sand. In addition to displaying the time, it can also be used to create ephemeral drawings. The 5 mW laser pointer, with a wavelength of 405 nm, produces bright green drawings on the glow-in-the-dark film. For best results, use the kit in a dimly lit room. Warning: Never look directly into the laser beam! The kit includes all the necessary components, but soldering three wires is required. Note: This kit is also compatible with the original Arduino-based Sand Clock from 2017. For more details, see Elektor Magazine 1-2/2017 and Elektor Magazine 1-2/2018.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. The RISC-V Open-Source Processor Architecture16 Boards and MCUs You Should Know An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (1)Mixing Digital Audio with an Arduino MKR Vidor 4000 Laser Head for Pico-Based Sand ClockDrawing with Light Enter the STM32 Edge AI Contest A Multi-Sensor Environmental Monitoring System for PlantsWireless Measurement of Water Supply and Light Conditions Maixduino AI-Powered Automatic DoormanFace Detection with a Camera Embedded Electronics 2024AI Is Set to Redefine the Industry Charge-Based In-Memory Compute at EnCharge AI AI Inferencing at 10 Times Lower Power and 20 Fold Lower Cost Click Board Helps Develop and Train ML Models for Vibration Analysis The Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot Kit MCU, I See YouMCUViewer Open-Source Multiplatform Debugging Tool USB 2.0 IsolatorElectrically Isolated Connections for USB Devices Intervention Before DamagePredictive Maintenance in Practice SPoE – Electromagnetic CompatibilitySingle-Pair with Power-Over-Ethernet Through the Eyes of EMC Color TV: A Wonder of Its TimeCreating a New World ECG Graph MonitoringAn Implementation with Hexabitz Modules and an STM32CubeMonitor The Battle for AI at the Edge HaLow Hits Record 16-km Wi-Fi Distance at 900 MHz First CHERI RISC-V Embedded Chip and Early Access Programme Third-Generation Wildfire Detection Uses Satellite Links From Life’s ExperienceChoice Overload Starting Out in Electronics……Continues Filtering and Controls Tone Quasi-Analog ClockworkA Remake of an Elektor Classic A Modular Approach to Sensor TestingThe ESP32-S3-Based Sensor Evaluation Board 2025: An AI OdysseyThe Rise of Foundation Models and Their Role in Democratizing AI Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (1)Preparing a Platform for Some Edge AI Experiments Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Universal AI RISC-V Processor Does It All — CPU, GPU, DSP, FPGA CEO Interview: Ventiva’s Thin and Cool Tech Dual-Core Programming with a Raspberry Pi PicoVenture Into the World of Parallel Programming

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. The RISC-V Open-Source Processor Architecture16 Boards and MCUs You Should Know An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (1)Mixing Digital Audio with an Arduino MKR Vidor 4000 Laser Head for Pico-Based Sand ClockDrawing with Light Enter the STM32 Edge AI Contest A Multi-Sensor Environmental Monitoring System for PlantsWireless Measurement of Water Supply and Light Conditions Maixduino AI-Powered Automatic DoormanFace Detection with a Camera Embedded Electronics 2024AI Is Set to Redefine the Industry Charge-Based In-Memory Compute at EnCharge AI AI Inferencing at 10 Times Lower Power and 20 Fold Lower Cost Click Board Helps Develop and Train ML Models for Vibration Analysis The Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot Kit MCU, I See YouMCUViewer Open-Source Multiplatform Debugging Tool USB 2.0 IsolatorElectrically Isolated Connections for USB Devices Intervention Before DamagePredictive Maintenance in Practice SPoE – Electromagnetic CompatibilitySingle-Pair with Power-Over-Ethernet Through the Eyes of EMC Color TV: A Wonder of Its TimeCreating a New World ECG Graph MonitoringAn Implementation with Hexabitz Modules and an STM32CubeMonitor The Battle for AI at the Edge HaLow Hits Record 16-km Wi-Fi Distance at 900 MHz First CHERI RISC-V Embedded Chip and Early Access Programme Third-Generation Wildfire Detection Uses Satellite Links From Life’s ExperienceChoice Overload Starting Out in Electronics……Continues Filtering and Controls Tone Quasi-Analog ClockworkA Remake of an Elektor Classic A Modular Approach to Sensor TestingThe ESP32-S3-Based Sensor Evaluation Board 2025: An AI OdysseyThe Rise of Foundation Models and Their Role in Democratizing AI Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (1)Preparing a Platform for Some Edge AI Experiments Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Universal AI RISC-V Processor Does It All — CPU, GPU, DSP, FPGA CEO Interview: Ventiva’s Thin and Cool Tech Dual-Core Programming with a Raspberry Pi PicoVenture Into the World of Parallel Programming

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