Projects with Arduino, ESPHome, Home Assistant, and Raspberry Pi & Co. This e-book contains various example projects, beginning with an introduction to electronics. It also explains how to install Home Assistant on a Raspberry Pi, how to use indoor climate sensors for temperature and humidity, how to implement the MQTT protocol and other interfaces, and how to use ESPHome to integrate sensors and actuators into Home Assistant. Numerous video tutorials complement the book. Fundamentals of electrical engineering The book begins with an introduction to electrical engineering. You will learn the basics of voltage, current, resistors, diodes and transistors. Arduino and microcontrollers A complete section is dedicated to the Arduino Uno. You will get to know the structure, write your first programs and work on practical examples. Home Assistant and automation You will learn how to set up Home Assistant on a Raspberry Pi and how to use automations, scenes and devices. In addition, Zigbee, MQTT and ESP-NOW – important technologies for home automation – will be discussed. ESP8266, ESP32 and ESP32-CAM The popular ESP microcontrollers are covered in detail. A theoretical introduction is followed by practical projects that show you how to get the most out of these devices. Sensors and actuators The book explains the functionality and application of numerous sensors such as temperature and humidity sensors, motion detectors and RFID readers. For actuators, stepper motors, e-ink displays, servo motors and much more are covered. There are practical application examples for all devices. ESPHome This chapter shows you how to integrate sensors and actuators into Home Assistant without any programming effort. You will be guided step by step through the setup with ESPHome. LEDs and lighting technology In this chapter, you will learn about different types of LEDs and how they can be used. The basics of lighting technology are also explained. Node-RED A whole chapter is dedicated to Node-RED. You will learn the basics of this powerful tool and be guided step by step through its setup and use. Integrated Circuits (ICs) In electronics, there are numerous ICs that make our lives easier. You will get to know the most important ones and apply your knowledge in practical projects. Professional programming Advanced topics such as the correct use of buttons, the use of interrupts and the use of an NTP server for time synchronisation are covered in detail in this chapter. Downloads GitHub

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Using the RFID Starter Kit An Arduino board has now become ‘the’ basic component in the maker community. No longer is an introduction to the world of microcontrollers the preserve of the expert. When it comes to expanding the capabilities of the basic Arduino board however, the developer is still largely on his own. If you really want to build some innovative projects it’s often necessary to get down to component level. This can present many beginners with major problems. That is exactly where this book begins. This book explains how a wide variety of practical projects can be built using items supplied in a single kit together with the Arduino board. This kit, called the 'RFID Starter Kit for Arduino' (SKU 17240) is not just limited to RFID applications but contains more than 30 components, devices and modules covering all areas of modern electronics. In addition to more simple components such as LEDs and resistors there are also complex and sophisticated modules that employ the latest technology such as: A humidity sensor A multicolor LED A large LED matrix with 64 points of light A 4-character 7-segment LED display An infra red remote-controller unit A complete LC-display module A servo A stepper motor and controller module A complete RFID reader module and security tag On top of that you will get to build precise digital thermometers, hygrometers, exposure meters and various alarm systems. There are also practical devices and applications such as a fully automatic rain sensor, a sound-controlled remote control system, a multifunctional weather station and so much more. All of the projects described can be built using the components supplied in the Elektor kit.

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An assortment of coloured wires: you know it's a beautiful thing. Six different colours of stranded wire in a cardboard dispenser box. Sit this on your workbench, and stop worrying about having a piece of wire around! Included 22 AWG 25 ft / Spool 6 Spools in Six Different Colors Colours are Red, Blue, Yellow, Green, Black, and White Dispenser Box

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These 10 cm long hot glue sticks are compatible with all standard hot glue guns with a diameter of 7.2 mm.

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From Rubbing Amber to Swiping Glass "The story of electricity, told one connection at a time."Why does rubbing amber attract dust? How did we go from that curious effect to a world where screens respond to a single touch? And how did we get from mysterious sparks to tiny chips packed with billions of transistors? For centuries, electricity puzzled and fascinated those who encountered its curious effects—long before it even had a name. From the earliest observations of static charge to the complex electronics that shape our lives today, this book traces the gradual, and often surprising, story of how humanity came to understand and harness this powerful force. This book offers an engaging and accessible account of the people, ideas, and inventions that transformed electricity from a scientific curiosity into the foundation of our digital age. Along the way, you’ll meet a host of inquisitive minds—some famous, others less so—whose persistence and creativity helped unravel the mysteries of the natural world and gave rise to the technologies we now take for granted. Covering everything from Leyden jars and batteries to transistors, microcontrollers and the internet, this book presents a clear and enjoyable overview of electronics and its relatively short, yet rich, history. Whether you have a technical background or simply a curiosity about how things work, From Rubbing Amber to Swiping Glass offers a thoughtful look at how far we’ve come—and a gentle nudge to wonder what might come next.

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HyperPixel 4.0 Square has all the great features of our standard HyperPixel 4.0 – a crisp, brilliant IPS display with touchscreen, and high-speed DPI interface – it's just more square! This square version of HyperPixel 4.0 is great for custom interfaces and control panels, and works really well for Pico-8 games. Everything is pre-soldered and ready to go, just pop it onto your RPi, run our installer, and away you go! Features High-speed DPI interface 4.0" IPS (wide viewing angle, 160°) display (72x72 mm) 720x720 pixels (~254 PPI) 18-bit colour (262,144 colors) 60 FPS frame rate Optional capacitive touchscreen 40-pin female header included to boost height for Raspberry Pi B+, 2, 3, 3B+ and 4 Standoffs included to securely attach to your RPi Compatible with all 40-pin header Raspberry Pi models One-line installer HyperPixel 4.0 Square uses a high-speed DPI interface, allowing it to shift 5x more pixel data than the usual SPI interface that these small RPi displays normally use. It has a 60 FPS frame rate and a resolution of approximately 254 pixels per inch (720x720px) on its 4.0' display. The display can show 18-bits of colour (262,144 colors). This Touch version has a capacitive touch display that's more sensitive and responsive to touch than a resistive touch display, and it's capable of multi-touch! Please note: when installing HyperPixel 4.0 Square onto your RPi make sure not to press down on the screen surface! Hold the board by its edges and wiggle it to mate with the extended header (or GPIO header). Also take care not to pull on the edges of the glass display when removing your HyperPixel. It'll work with any 40-pin version of the RPi, including RPi Zero and RPi Zero W. If you're using it with a larger RPi then use the extra 40-pin header that's included to boost it up to the required height. If you're using a Zero or Zero W then just pop it straight onto the GPIO. The included standoff kit allows you to mount your HyperPixel 4.0 Square safely and securely to your RPi. Just screw them into the posts on the underside of the HyperPixel 4.0 Square PCB and then secure with screws through the mounting holes on your RPi. Downloads GitHub

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The ICL8038 signal generator delivers versatile waveforms, including sine, triangle, square, and forward/reverse sawtooth, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. Powered by the ICL8038 chip and high-speed operational amplifiers, it ensures exceptional precision and signal stability. With a frequency range of 5 Hz to 400 kHz, it supports applications from audio to radio frequencies. Its adjustable duty cycle, ranging from 2% to 95%, allows for precise waveform customization to meet various needs. The DIY kit is beginner-friendly, featuring through-hole components for easy assembly. It includes all necessary parts, an acrylic shell, and a detailed manual, providing everything required to build and use the signal generator efficiently. Specifications Frequency range 5 Hz~400 KHz (adjustable) Power supply voltage 12 V~15 V Duty cycle range 2~95% (adjustable) Low distortion sine wave 1% Low temperature drift 50 ppm/°C Output triangular wave linearity 0.1% DC bias range −7.5 V~7.5 V Output amplitude range 0.1 V~11 VPP (working voltage 12 V) Dimensions 89 x 60 x 35 mm Weight 81 g Included PCB incl. all necessary components Acrylic shell Manual

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This is another great IIC/I²C/TWI/SPI Serial Interface. As the pin resources of controller is limited, your project may be not able to use normal LCD shield after connected with a certain quantity of sensors or SD card. However, with this I²C interface module, you will be able to realize data display via only 2 wires. If you already has I²C devices in your project, this LCD module actually cost no more resources at all. It is fantastic for based project. I²C Address: 0X20~0X27 (the original address is 0X20,you can change it yourself) The backlight and contrast is adjusted by potentiometer Comes with 2 IIC interface, which can be connected by Dupont Line or IIC dedicated cable I²C Address: 0x27 (I²C Address: 0X20~0X27 (the original address is 0X27,you can change it yourself) Specifications Compatible for 1602 LCD Supply voltage: 5 V Weight: 5 g Size: 5.5 x 2.3 x 1.4 cm

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The Challenger RP2040 LoRa is an Arduino/CircuitPython compatible Adafruit Feather format microcontroller board based on the Raspberry Pi Pico (RP2040) chip.The transceiver features a LoRa long range modem that provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.LoRaThe integrated module LoRa module (RFM95W) can achieve a sensitivity of over -148 dBm utilizing a low cost crystal and bill of materials. The high sensitivity combined with the integrated +20 dBm power amplifier yields industry leading link budget making it optimal for any application requiring range or robustness. LoRa also provides significant advantages in both blocking and selectivity over conventional modulation techniques, solving the traditional design compromise between range, interference immunity and energy consumption.The RFM95W is connected to the RP2040 via SPI channel 1 and a few GPIO’s that is required for signaling. A U.FL connector is used to attach your LoRa antenna to the board. 168 dB maximum link budget +20 dBm – 100 mW constant RF output vs. V supply +14 dBm high efficiency PA Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm Excellent blocking immunity Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery Preamble detection 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC Specifications Microcontroller RP2040 from Raspberry Pi (133 MHz dual-core Cortex-M0) SPI Two SPI channels configured (second SPI connected to RFM95W) I²C One I²C channel configured UART One UART channel configured Analog inputs 4 analog input channels Radio module RFM95W from Hope RF Flash memory 8 MB, 133 MHz SRAM memory 264 KB (divided into 6 banks) USB 2.0 controller Up to 12 MBit/s full speed (integrated USB 1.1 PHY) JST Battery connector 2.0 mm pitch On board LiPo charger 450 mA standard charge current Dimensions 51 x 23 x 3,2 mm Weight 9 g Downloads Datasheet Design files

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The Challenger RP2040 NFC is a small embedded computer, equipped with an advanced on-board NFC controller (NXP PN7150), in the popular Adafruit Feather form factor. It is based on an RP2040 microcontroller chip from the Raspberry Pi Foundation which is a dual-core Cortex-M0 that can run on a clock up to 133 MHz. NFC The PN7150 is a full featured NFC controller solution with integrated firmware and NCI interface designed for contactless communication at 13.56 MHz. It is fully compatible with NFC forum requirements and is greatly designed based on learnings from previous NXP NFC device generation. It is the ideal solution for rapidly integrating NFC technology in any application, especially small embedded systems reducing Bill of Material (BOM). The integrated design with full NFC forum compliancy gives the user all the following features: Embedded NFC firmware providing all NFC protocols as pre-integrated feature. Direct connection to the main host or microcontroller, by I²C-bus physical and NCI protocol. Ultra-low power consumption in polling loop mode. Highly efficient integrated power management unit (PMU) allowing direct supply from a battery. Specifications Microcontroller RP2040 from Raspberry Pi (133 MHz dual-core Cortex-M0) SPI One SPI channels configured I²C Two I²C channel configured (dedicated I²C for the PN7150) UART One UART channel configured Analog inputs 4 analog input channels NFC module PN7150 from NXP Flash memory 8 MB, 133 MHz SRAM memory 264 KB (divided into 6 banks) USB 2.0 controller Up to 12 MBit/s full speed (integrated USB 1.1 PHY) JST Battery connector 2.0 mm pitch On board LiPo charger 450 mA standard charge current Dimensions 51 x 23 x 3,2 mm Weight 9 g Note: Antenna is not included. Downloads Datasheet Quick start example

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The Challenger RP2040 SD/RTC is an Arduino/CircuitPython compatible Adafruit Feather format microcontroller board based on the Raspberry Pi Pico chip. The board is equipped with an microSD card reader and a Real Time Clock making it super useful for data logging applications. MicroSD Card This board is equipped with a microSD card connector that will house standard microSD cards allowing your application to have many gigabytes of storage room for sensor data or what ever you want to place on it. Together with a fancy display you could also store cool images. Real Time Clock (RTC) MCP79410 is a highly integrated real time clock with nonvolatile memory and many other advanced features. These features include a battery switchover circuit for backup power, a timestamp to log power failures and digital trimming for accuracy. Using a low-cost 32.768 kHz crystal or other clock source, time is tracked in either a 12-hour or 24-hour format with an AM/PM indicator and timing to the second, minute, hour, day of the week, day, month and year. As an interrupt or wakeup signal, a multifunction open drain output can be programmed as an Alarm Out or as a Clock Out that supports 4 selectable frequencies. Specifications Microcontroller RP2040 from Raspberry Pi (133 MHz dual-core Cortex-M0) SPI One SPI channel configured I²C One I²C channel configured UART One UART channel configured Analog inputs 4 analog input channels Flash memory 8 MB, 133 MHz SRAM Memory 264 KB (divided into 6 banks) USB 2.0 controller Up to 12 MBit/s full speed (integrated USB 1.1 PHY) JST Battery connector 2.0 mm pitch On board LiPo charger 500 mA standard charge current RTC MCP79410 (uses I²C0 (Wire) for communication) SD Card One SPI channel used (uses SPI1 to connect to the SD socket) Dimensions 51 x 23 x 3,2 mm Weight 9 g Downloads Datasheet RunCPM image including HW I/O port support CPM File image for RunCPM Getting started with RunCPM for the Challenger RP2040 SD/RTC board CircuitPython download page

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The Challenger RP2040 WiFi is a small embedded computer equipped with a WiFi module, in the popular Adafruit Feather form factor. It is based on an RP2040 microcontroller chip from the Raspberry Pi Foundation which is a dual-core Cortex-M0 that can run on a clock up to 133 MHz. The RP2040 is paired with a 8 MB high-speed flash capable of supplying data up to the max speed. The flash memory can be used both to store instructions for the microcontroller as well as data in a file system and having a file system available makes it easy to store data in a structured and easy to program approach. The device can be powered from a Lithium Polymer battery connected through a standard 2.0 mm connector on the side of the board. An internal battery charging circuit allows you to charge your battery safely and quickly. The device is shipped with a programming resistor that sets the charging current to 250 mA. This resistor can be exchanged by the user to either increase or decrease the charging current, depending on the battery that is being used. The WiFi section on this board is based on the Espressif ESP8285 chip which basically is a ESP8266 with 1 MB flash memory integrated onto the chip making it a complete WiFi only requiring very few external components. The ESP8285 is connected to the microcontroller using a UART channel and the operation is controlled using a set of standardized AT-commands. Specifications Microcontroller RP2040 from Raspberry Pi (133 MHz dual-core Cortex-M0) SPI One SPI channel configured I²C One I²C channel configured UART One UART channel configured (second UART is for the WiFi chip) Analog inputs 4 analog input channels WLAN controller ESP8285 from Espressif (160 MHz single-core Tensilica L106) Flash memory 8 MByte, 133 MHz SRAM memory 264 KByte (divided into 6 banks) USB 2.0 controller Up to 12 MBit/s full speed (integrated USB 1.1 PHY) JST Battery connector 2.0 mm pitch Onboard LiPo charger 250 mA standard charge current Onboard NeoPixel LED RGB LED Dimensions 51 x 23 x 3,2 mm Weight 9 g Downloads Datasheet Design files Product errata

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Ready to explore the world around you? By attaching the Sense HAT to your Raspberry Pi, you can quickly and easily develop a variety of creative applications, useful experiments, and exciting games. The Sense HAT contains several helpful environmental sensors: temperature, humidity, pressure, accelerometer, magnetometer, and gyroscope. Additionally, an 8x8 LED matrix is provided with RGB LEDs, which can be used to display multi-color scrolling or fixed information, such as the sensor data. Use the small onboard joystick for games or applications that require user input. In Innovate with Sense HAT for Raspberry Pi, Dr. Dogan Ibrahim explains how to use the Sense HAT in Raspberry Pi Zero W-based projects. Using simple terms, he details how to incorporate the Sense HAT board in interesting visual and sensor-based projects. You can complete all the projects with other Raspberry Pi models without any modifications. Exploring with Sense HAT for Raspberry Pi includes projects featuring external hardware components in addition to the Sense HAT board. You will learn to connect the Sense HAT board to the Raspberry Pi using jumper wires so that some of the GPIO ports are free to be interfaced to external components, such as to buzzers, relays, LEDs, LCDs, motors, and other sensors. The book includes full program listings and detailed project descriptions. Complete circuit diagrams of the projects using external components are given where necessary. All the projects were developed using the latest version of the Python 3 programming language. You can easily download projects from the book’s web page. Let’s start exploring with Sense HAT.

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Ready to explore the world around you? By attaching the Sense HAT to your Raspberry Pi, you can quickly and easily develop a variety of creative applications, useful experiments, and exciting games. The Sense HAT contains several helpful environmental sensors: temperature, humidity, pressure, accelerometer, magnetometer, and gyroscope. Additionally, an 8x8 LED matrix is provided with RGB LEDs, which can be used to display multi-color scrolling or fixed information, such as the sensor data. Use the small onboard joystick for games or applications that require user input. In Innovate with Sense HAT for Raspberry Pi, Dr. Dogan Ibrahim explains how to use the Sense HAT in Raspberry Pi Zero W-based projects. Using simple terms, he details how to incorporate the Sense HAT board in interesting visual and sensor-based projects. You can complete all the projects with other Raspberry Pi models without any modifications. Exploring with Sense HAT for Raspberry Pi includes projects featuring external hardware components in addition to the Sense HAT board. You will learn to connect the Sense HAT board to the Raspberry Pi using jumper wires so that some of the GPIO ports are free to be interfaced to external components, such as to buzzers, relays, LEDs, LCDs, motors, and other sensors. The book includes full program listings and detailed project descriptions. Complete circuit diagrams of the projects using external components are given where necessary. All the projects were developed using the latest version of the Python 3 programming language. You can easily download projects from the book’s web page. Let’s start exploring with Sense HAT.

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