Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
Cloc 2.0The Alarm Clock You've Always Wanted
RP2040 PIO in PracticeExperiments Using the RP2040’s Programmable I/O
Poor Man's ChipTweakerWe Have (Low-Budget) Ways of Making You Talk
USB True Random Number GeneratorTwo PICs for the Price of One AVR
Pimp My MicSelf-Designed Level Booster
FFT with a MaixduinoFrequency spectrum display
From Life’s ExperienceDesign Logic (or Non-Logic)
UCN5804 Stepper Motor DriverPeculiar Parts, the Series
Circuit Simulation With Micro-CapFirst Steps in a Complicated World
PAUL Award 2022Young Technical Talents and Their Creative Solutions
My First Software-Defined RadioBuilt in Less Than 15 Minutes
Microcontroller Documentation Explained (Part 1)Datasheet structure
What’s Next for AI and Embedded Systems?Tools, Platforms, and Writer Replacements
Digitizing Vertical Farming
Infographics: Embedded and AI Today and Tomorrow
An Introduction to TinyML
JetCarrier96A Versatile NVIDIA Jetson Development System
Case Study: Taking EV Charging Global with a Universal RFID Solution
High-Performance in Every ClassComputer-on-Module Standards
Starting Out in ElectronicsLet’s Get Active!
I²C Communication Using Node.js and a Raspberry PiSee Your Sensor Data in a Browser
Video Output with Microcontrollers (2)VGA and DVI Output
The Metronom Real-Time Operating SystemAn RTOS for AVR Processors
DVI on the RP2040An Interview with Luke Wren, Chip Developer at Raspberry Pi
Display HAT MiniShow the Weather Forecast on Raspberry Pi!
WEEF 2022 Awards: Celebrate the Good
Hexadoku
If you are searching for a possibility to keep your Raspberry Pi cool, than this mini fan is the perfect possibility for this. The active cooler is ready to use right after pluging in the two GPIO pins into the 5V and GND GPI-O port. The cooler is compatible to all Raspberry Pis and is perfect to keep them cool, even under full load. Voltage: 5 V Current: 0.2 A Dimensions: 30 x 30 x 7 mm
OV7740 is a AI Camera powered by Kendryte K210, an edge computing system-on-chip(SoC) with a dual-core 64bit RISC-V CPU and state-of-art neural network processor.
Features
Dual-Core 64-bit RISC-V RV64IMAFDC (RV64GC) CPU / 400Mhz(Normal)
Dual Independent Double Precision FPU
8MiB 64bit width On-Chip SRAM
Neural Network Processor(KPU) / 0.8Tops
Field-Programmable IO Array (FPIOA)
AES, SHA256 Accelerator
Direct Memory Access Controller (DMAC)
Micropython Support
Firmware encryption support
On-board Hardware:
Flash: 16M Camera :OV7740
2x Buttons
Status Indicator LED
External storage: TF card/Micro SD
Interface: HY2.0/compatible GROVE
Applications
Face recognition/detection
Object detection/classification
Obtain the size and coordinates of the target in real-time
Obtain the type of detected target in real-time
Shape recognition Video recorder
Included
1x UNIT-V(include 20cm 4P cable and USB-C cable)
The PeakTech 1094 two-pole voltage tester is a reliable and practical tool for measuring voltages up to 400 V. It uses LED indicators to display voltage levels at 12 V, 24 V, 50 V, 120 V, 240 V, and 400 V. The device supports both AC and DC voltage measurements and automatically detects and displays polarity when measuring DC voltages – no manual switching between AC and DC is required.
This tester operates without batteries, ensuring it is always ready for use, even after extended periods of inactivity. With its IP54 protection rating, the PeakTech 1094 is robust and resistant to dust and splashing water, making it suitable for use in both indoor and outdoor environments.
Specifications
DC Voltage (max.)
400 V
AC Voltage (max.)
400 V
Over voltage category
CAT III 400 V
Accuracy
-30% to 0% of the measured value
Voltage test
Automatically
Polarity check
Entire measuring range
Range selection
Automatically
Response time
<0.1s
AC Voltage frequency range
50/60 Hz
Dimensions
223 x 40 x 32 mm
Weight
95 g
Downloads
Manual
Mastering the Language and the Development PlatformMany people would like to learn Java but getting started is not easy since programming with Java requires at least two things: mastering the programming language and the development environment. With the help of many examples, this book shows how the language is structured. In addition, it employs the Eclipse development environment as an example of a powerful tool to teach developing Java programs.In Basics, the first part of the book, you acquire your Java and Eclipse basic knowledge. This part lays the programming foundations, gives you an overview of Java technology, and shows you what is special about object-oriented programming.In the second part called Java Language, everything revolves around the subtleties of the Java language and this is where the first small Java applications are created, aided by a fine blend of the knowledge part and practical exercises.Java Technology is both the name and the focus of the third part which also introduces you to the rules to observe when programming, what class libraries are and what advantages they have. In addition, you will learn how to test programs, what algorithms are, and how to program them.The fourth part, Java Projects, enables you to apply all the previous elements in an application with a graphical user interface. The project shows how to develop a larger application piece by piece with the Eclipse development environment. The Appendix concludes with a section on frequent errors that can occur when working with Eclipse, and a Glossary.
The SparkFun GPS-RTK2 raises the bar for high-precision GPS and is the latest in a line of powerful RTK boards featuring the ZED-F9P module from u-blox. The ZED-F9P is a top-of-the-line module for high accuracy GNSS and GPS location solutions, including RTK capable of 10 mm, three-dimensional accuracy. With this board, you will be able to know where your (or any object's) X, Y, and Z location is within roughly the width of your fingernail! The ZED-F9P is unique in that it is capable of both rover and base station operations. Utilizing our handy Qwiic system, no soldering is required to connect it to the rest of your system. However, we still have broken out 0.1"-spaced pins if you prefer to use a breadboard.
We've even included a rechargeable backup battery to keep the latest module configuration and satellite data available for up to two weeks. This battery helps 'warm-start' the module decreasing the time-to-first-fix dramatically. This module features a survey-in mode allowing the module to become a base station and produce RTCM 3.x correction data.
The number of configuration options of the ZED-F9P is incredible! Geofencing, variable I²C address, variable update rates, even the high precision RTK solution can be increased to 20 Hz. The GPS-RTK2 even has five communications ports which are all active simultaneously: USB-C (which enumerates as a COM port), UART1 (with 3.3 V TTL), UART2 for RTCM reception (with 3.3V TTL), I²C (via the two Qwiic connectors or broken out pins), and SPI.
Sparkfun has also written an extensive Arduino library for u-blox modules to easily read and control the GPS-RTK2 over the Qwiic Connect System. Leave NMEA behind! Start using a much lighter weight binary interface and give your microcontroller (and its one serial port) a break. The SparkFun Arduino library shows how to read latitude, longitude, even heading and speed over I²C without the need for constant serial polling.
Features
Concurrent reception of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou
Receives both L1C/A and L2C bands
Voltage: 5 V or 3.3 V, but all logic is 3.3 V
Current: 68 mA - 130 mA (varies with constellations and tracking state)
Time to First Fix: 25 s (cold), 2 s (hot)
Max Navigation Rate:
PVT (basic location over UBX binary protocol) - 25 Hz
RTK - 20 Hz
Raw - 25 Hz
Horizontal Position Accuracy:
2.5 m without RTK
0.010 m with RTK
Max Altitude: 50k m
Max Velocity: 500 m/s
2x Qwiic Connectors
Dimensions: 43.5 x 43.2 mm
Weight: 6.8 g
As demand for solar panel installation has risen sharply, especially for installations larger than balcony power plants, the order books of solar companies are full. If you ask for a quote today, you may have to wait a while, if your request isn't simply postponed indefinitely. Another consequence of the solar boom is that some companies are charging very high prices for installations.
Yet there is an obvious and radical solution to the problem of excessive prices: Do it yourself, as the English say. The price of materials is currently affordable, and it's the ideal time for those who do the work themselves. They couldn't save more. Add to this the satisfaction of doing something useful, both economically and ecologically, and the pleasure of building yourself.
In this special issue, you'll find a wide selection of Elektor assemblies, from solar panel controllers to solar water heaters and solar panel orientation systems. The issue also contains practical information on solar panel installation and the technology behind them. Finally, there are a number of articles on the subject of balcony power plants, from how to install them to how to connect them to the Internet...
Contents
BASICS
Dimensioning Photovoltaic Panel ArraysAn introduction to photovoltaic energy and the commonest techniques,followed by simplified calculation models and setup guidelines.
Light Sensor TechnologyMeasuring daylight using LEDs.
Solar Power Made SimpleSolar charging with and without a controller.
Cable Cross-sections and Energy Losses in Solar SystemsKey considerations on the minimum values to respect for electricalcurrent in solar panel cabling.
Solar ModulesEverything you always wanted to know about solar panels...
Ideal Diode ControllerDiode Circuits with Low Power Dissipation.
TIPS
Tracking for Solar Modules
zBot Solar/Battery Power Supply
Solar Cell Array Charger with Regulator
Solar Cell Voltage Regulator
Solar-Powered Night Light
Alternative Solar Battery Charger
PROJECTS
Energy LoggerMeasuring and Recording Power Consumption.
Tiny Solar SupplySunlight In, 3.3 V Out.
A Do-It-Yourself DTURead Data from Small Inverters by μC.
Solar ChargerPortable energy for people on the move.
Solar Thermal Energy RegulatorMaximum power point tracking explored.
2-amp Maximum Power Tracking ChargerSolar Power To The Max.
Computer-driven HeliostatFollow the sun or the stars.
Garden LightingUsing solar cells.
Solar Panel Voltage Converter for IoT DevicesYes we CAN exploit indoor lighting.
Travel ChargerFree power in the mountains.
Solar Cell Battery Charger/MonitorWith protection against deep discharge.
Solar-powered Battery ChargerPIC12C671 avoids overcharging and deep charging.
Converters for Photovoltaic PanelsContributed by TME (Transfer MultisortElektronik).
Solar Charging RegulatorFor panels up to 53 watts.
Solar-Powered ChargerFor lead-acid batteries.
CAN Bus + Arduino for Solar PV Cell MonitoringDetect and locate serviceable panels in large arrays.
Balcony Power Plant 2.0The latest: solar panels, installation and inverters
DRIVING MOTORS WITH H-BRIDGESAn Introduction to DC, Stepper, and Brushless Motors
THE ELEKTOR LAB TEAMOur Approach, Preferred Tools, and More
RASPBERRY PI AS A KVM REMOTE CONTROLPi-KVM Software Test
IQAUDIO CODEC ZEROA Sound Card for the Raspberry Pi Family
THE PIKVM PROJECT AND LESSONS LEARNEDInterview with Maxim Devaev (Developer, PiKVM)
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE WITH 2D LIDARESP32 Pico Interprets Data from the Lidar Module THE RASPBERRY PI ZERO 2 W GOES QUAD-CORE NOTES FROM THE 2021 WORLD ETHICAL ELECTRONICS FORUM
MOTOR CONTROLHow the Complexity of Motor Control Is Simplified
LARGE ELECTRIC MOTORSBasic Principles and Useful Information GETTING STARTED WITH THE ESP32-C3 RISC-V MCU
PROTECT YOURSELF AND OTHERS!DIY Master Power Switch for the Lab Bench
CREATE GUIS WITH PYTHON (PART 2)Spy name chooser
PRODUCTRONICA FAST FORWARD 2021 WINNERSExciting Technologies and Creative Engineering Solutions
VERSATILE SERVO TESTERCheck Behavior When There’s No Datasheet
MODBUS OVER WLAN (PART 2)Software for the Modbus TCP WLAN Module
UNDERSTANDING THE NEURONS IN NEURAL NETWORKS (PART 3)Practical Neurons
INSIDE AN OPEN-SOURCE PROCESSORSample Chapter: Lattice and Xilinx FPGA Results
STARTING OUT IN ELECTRONICSWe Are Not Yet Done with the Coil
ERR-LECTRONICSCorrections, Updates and Readers’ Letters
COLOR TO SOUNDHow to Read Out a Color Sensor via I2C
BATTLAB-ONEMeasure and Optimize the Battery Life of IoT Devices
SIMPLE EARTH-LEAKAGE TRACERTesting Isolation of Mains Supply
POVERTY AND ELECTRONICSSustainable Development Goal 1
HEXADOKUThe Original Elektorized Sudoku
Program your REKA:BIT with Microsoft MakeCode Editor. Just add REKA:BIT MakeCode Extension and you’re good to go. If you’re a beginner, you can start with the block programming mode; simply drag, drop and snap the coding blocks together. For more advanced users, you can easily switch into JavaScript or Python mode on MakeCode Editor for text-based programming.
REKA:BIT possesses a lot of indicator LEDs to assist your coding and troubleshooting. It covers the IO pins connected to all six Grove ports and DC motor outputs from the co-processor. One is able to check his/her program and circuit connection easily by monitoring these LEDs.
Besides, REKA:BIT also has a power on/off indicator, undervoltage, and overvoltage LEDs built-in to give appropriate warnings should there be any problem with the power input.
REKA:BIT features a co-processor to handle multitasking more efficiently. Playing music while controlling up to 4x servo motors and 2x DC motors, animating micro:bit LED matrix, and even lighting up RGB LEDs in different colors, all at the same time, is not a problem for REKA:BIT.
Features
2x DC motor terminals
Built-in motor quick test buttons (no coding needed)
4x Servo motor ports
2x Neopixel RGB LEDs
6x Grove port (3.3 V)
3x Analog Input / Digital IO ports
2x Digital IO ports
1x I²C Interface
DC jack for power input (3.6-6 V DC)
ON/OFF switch
Power on indicator
Undervoltage (LOW) indicator & protection
Over-voltage (HIGH) indicator & protection
Dimensions: 10.4 x 72 x 15 mm
Included
1x REKA:BIT expansion board
1x USB power and data cable
1x 4xAA battery holder
1x Mini screwdriver
3x Grove to female header cable
2x Building block 1x9 lift arm
4x Building block friction pin
Please note: micro:bit board not included
PÚCA DSP is an open-source, Arduino-compatible ESP32 development board for audio and digital signal processing (DSP) applications with expansive audio-processing features. It provides audio inputs, audio outputs, a low-noise microphone array, an integrated test-speaker option, additional memory, battery-charge management, and ESD protection all on a small, breadboard-friendly PCB.
Synthesizers, Installations, Voice UI, and More
PÚCA DSP can be used for a wide range of DSP applications, including but not limited to those in the fields of music, art, creative technology, and adaptive technology. Music-related examples include digital-music synthesis, mobile recording, Bluetooth speakers, wireless line-level directional microphones, and the design of smart musical instruments. Art-related examples include acoustic sensor networks, sound-art installations, and Internet-radio applications. Examples related to creative and adaptive technology include voice user interface (VUI) design and Web audio for the Internet of Sounds.
Compact, Integrated Design
PÚCA DSP was designed for portability. When used with an external 3.7 V rechargeable battery, it can be deployed almost anywhere or integrated into just about any device, instrument, or installation. Its design emerged from months of experimentation with various ESP32 development boards, DAC breakout boards, ADC breakout boards, Microphone breakout boards, and audio-connector breakout boards, and – despite its diminutive size – it manages to provide all of that functionality in a single board. And it dos so without compromising signal quality.
Specifications
Processor & Memory
Espressif ESP32 Pico D4 Processor
32-bit dual core 80 MHz / 160 MHz / 240 MHz
4 MB SPI Flash with 8 MB additional PSRAM (Original Edition)
Wireless 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n
Bluetooth BLE 4.2
3D Antenna
Audio
Wolfson WM8978 Stereo Audio Codec
Audio Line In on 3.5 mm stereo onnector
Audio Headphone / Line Out on 3.5 mm stereo connector
Stereo Aux Line In, Audio Mono Out routed to GPIO Header
2x Knowles SPM0687LR5H-1 MEMS Microphones
ESD protection on all audio inputs and outputs
Support for 8, 11.025, 12, 16, 22.05, 24, 32, 44.1 and 48 kHz sample rates
1 W Speaker Driver, routed to GPIO Header
DAC SNR 98 dB, THD -84 dB (‘A’ weighted @ 48 kHz)
ADC SNR 95 dB, THD -84 dB (‘A’ weighted @ 48 kHz)
Line input impedance: 1 MOhm
Line output impedance: 33 Ohm
Form Factor and Connectivity
Breadboard friendly
70 x 24 mm
11x GPIO pins broken out to 2.54 mm pitch header, with access to both ESP32 ADC channels, JTAG and capacitive touch pins
USB 2.0 over USB Type C connector
Power
3.7/4.2 V Lithium Polymer Rechargeable Battery, USB or external 5 V DC power source
ESP32 and Audio Codec can be placed into low power modes under software control
Battery voltage level detection
ESD protection on USB data bus
Downloads
GitHub
Datasheet
Links
Crowd Supply Campaign (includes FAQs)
Hardware Overview
Programming the Board
The Audio Codec
ESP32-S2-Saola-1R is a small-sized ESP32-S2 based development board. Most of the I/O pins are broken out to the pin headers on both sides for easy interfacing. Developers can either connect peripherals with jumper wires or mount ESP32-S2-Saola-1R on a breadboard.ESP32-S2-Saola-1R is equipped with the ESP32-S2-WROVER module, a powerful, generic Wi-Fi MCU module that has a rich set of peripherals. It is an ideal choice for a wide variety of application scenarios relating to Internet of Things (IoT), wearable electronics and smart home. The board a PCB antenna and features a 4 MB external SPI flash and an additional 2 MB SPI Pseudo static RAM (PSRAM).FeaturesMCU
ESP32-S2 embedded, Xtensa® single-core 32-bit LX7 microprocessor, up to 240 MHz
128 KB ROM
320 KB SRAM
16 KB SRAM in RTC
WiFi
802.11 b/g/n
Bit rate: 802.11n up to 150 Mbps
A-MPDU and A-MSDU aggregation
0.4 µs guard interval support
Center frequency range of operating channel: 2412 ~ 2484 MHz
Hardware
Interfaces: GPIO, SPI, LCD, UART, I²C, I²S, Camera interface, IR, pulse counter, LED PWM, TWAI (compatible with ISO 11898-1), USB OTG 1.1, ADC, DAC, touch sensor, temperature sensor
40 MHz crystal oscillator
4 MB SPI flash
Operating voltage/Power supply: 3.0 ~ 3.6 V
Operating temperature range: –40 ~ 85 °C
Dimensions: 18 × 31 × 3.3 mm
Applications
Generic Low-power IoT Sensor Hub
Generic Low-power IoT Data Loggers
Cameras for Video Streaming
Over-the-top (OTT) Devices
USB Devices
Speech Recognition
Image Recognition
Mesh Network
Home Automation
Smart Home Control Panel
Smart Building
Industrial Automation
Smart Agriculture
Audio Applications
Health Care Applications
Wi-Fi-enabled Toys
Wearable Electronics
Retail & Catering Applications
Smart POS Machines
The AVR-IoT WA development board combines a powerful ATmega4808 AVR MCU, an ATECC608A CryptoAuthentication secure element IC and the fully certified ATWINC1510 Wi-Fi network controller – which provides the most simple and effective way to connect your embedded application to Amazon Web Services (AWS). The board also includes an on-board debugger, and requires no external hardware to program and debug the MCU.
Out of the box, the MCU comes preloaded with a firmware image that enables you to quickly connect and send data to the AWS platform using the on-board temperature and light sensors. Once you are ready to build your own custom design, you can easily generate code using the free software libraries in Atmel START or MPLAB Code Configurator (MCC).
The AVR-IoT WA board is supported by two award-winning Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) – Atmel Studio and Microchip MPLAB X IDE – giving you the freedom to innovate with your environment of choice.
Features
ATmega4808 microcontroller
Four user LED’s
Two mechanical buttons
mikroBUS header footprint
TEMT6000 Light sensor
MCP9808 Temperature sensor
ATECC608A CryptoAuthentication™ device
WINC1510 WiFi Module
On-board Debugger
Auto-ID for board identification in Atmel Studio and Microchip MPLAB X
One green board power and status LED
Programming and debugging
Virtual COM port (CDC)
Two DGI GPIO lines
USB and battery powered
Integrated Li-Ion/LiPo battery charger
You could use Pirate Audio Headphone Amp to build a tidy, pocket-sized player for local audio files (MP3, FLAC, etc) or for streaming music from online services like Spotify. To help get you started, Pimoroni has built plugins for Mopidy that will let you display gorgeous album art, play/pause your tracks and adjust the volume. The DAC and headphone amp will give you crisp digital amplified audio through your wired headphones. Pirate Audio is a range of all-in-one audio boards for Raspberry Pi, with high-quality digital audio, beautifully-crisp IPS displays for album art, tactile buttons for playback control, and a custom Pirate Audio software and installer to make setting it all up a breeze. Features Amplified digital audio (24-bit / 192KHz) over I2S PAM8908 headphone amplifier chip Low-gain / high-gain switch (high-gain boosts by 12dB) PCM5100A DAC chip 3.5mm stereo jack 1.3' IPS colour LCD (240x240px) (ST7789 driver) Four tactile buttons Mini HAT-format board Fully-assembled Compatible with all 40-pin header Raspberry Pi models
Dimensions: 65x30.5x9.5mm Software The Pirate Audio software and installer installs the Python library for the LCD, configures the I2S audio and SPI, and then installs Mopidy and the custom Pirate Audio plugins to display album art and track info, and to use the buttons for playback control. Here's how to get started: Set an SD card up with the latest version of Raspberry Pi OS. Connect to Wi-Fi or a wired network. Open a terminal and type the following:git clone https://github.com/pimoroni/pirate-audiocd pirate-audio/mopidysudo ./install.sh
Reboot your Pi Downloads PAM8908 Datasheet PCM5100A Datasheet Pirate Audio software
The Mr. Pulsar Violent Turbo Fan X3 Pro delivers powerful airflow with its impressive 140,000 RPM motor, offering exceptional performance in a compact, portable design.
Featuring an 8,000 mAh battery for extended wireless operation, adjustable airflow speeds, and weighing just 277 grams, it's perfect for quick tasks like computer cleaning, drying pets, inflating air mattresses, removing dust, or even blowing snow from your car.
Specifications
Motor speed
140,000 RPM
Battery
8,000 mAh Lithium battery
Dimensions
160 x 60 x 90 mm
Weight
277 g
Included
1x Mr. Pulsar Violent Turbo Fan X3 Pro
1x Short nozzle
1x Storage bag
1x USB-C cable
RFID technology has conquered many areas in which barcodes, magnetic strips and contact smartcards were used previously. Everyday applications, such as electronic ticketing, access cards, debit cards and electronic identity documents would not be possible without this technology.
MIFARE is the most widely used RFID technology, and this book provides a practical and comprehensive introduction to it. Among other things, the initial chapters cover physical fundamentals, relevant standards, RFID antenna design, security considerations and cryptography.
The complete design of a reader’s hardware and software is described in detail. The reader’s firmware and the associated PC software support programming using any .NET language. The specially developed PC program, “Smart Card Magic.NET”, is a simple development environment that supports sending commands to a card at the click of a mouse, as well as the ability to create C# scripts. Alternatively, one may follow all of the examples using Visual Studio 2010 Express Edition.
Finally, the major smart card reader API standards are introduced. The focus is on programming contactless smartcards using standard PC/SC readers using C/C++, Java and C#.
This book is intended for electronics enthusiasts and professionals alike, who want a much deeper understanding of the incredible technology conquests over the pre-digital decades that created video. It details evolution of analogue video electronics and technology from the first electro-mechanical television, through advancements in Cathode Ray Tubes, transistor circuits and signal processing, up to the latest analogue, colour-rich TV, entertainment devices and calibration equipment.
Key technological advances that enabled monochrome video and, eventually, colour are explained. The importance, compromises and techniques of maintaining crucial backward legacy compatibilities are described. The generation, signal processing and playback of analogue video signals in numerous capture, display, recording and playback devices together with operating principles and practices are examined. Technical and, often, political merits and deficiencies of key national and international video standards are highlighted. Several formats are shown to win and ultimately to co-exist.
This book begins at fairly basic levels; concepts are introduced with human physiological perceptions of light and colour explained. This leads to the subject matter of luminance and chrominance; their equations and the circuits to process. There is full, detailed analysis of waveform shapes and timings inside video equipment and relevant popular connections e.g. S-video. Several analogue video projects which you can build yourself are also included in this book; with schematics, circuit board layouts and calibration steps to help you obtain the best results. The book makes use of many colour pages where the subject matter demands it (e.g. test cards).
If you really want a deeper understanding of analogue video then this book is for you!
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
Audio DSP FX Processor BoardPart 1: Features and Design
50 Years of Elektor in English
KiCad 8Top New and Updated Features
Elektor MultiCalculator KitAn Arduino-Based Calculator Kit for Electronic Purposes
Low-Cost GNSS RTK SystemsWith Centimeter-Level Degree of Accuracy
PCB Layout and SafetyHints for a Safe, Long-Life Design of Your Boards
Opamp TesterFor Audio and Other Applications
Project Update #4: ESP32-Based Energy MeterEnergy Monitoring with MQTT
Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer with Waveguide Technology and Multi-Interface PCsAaronia Establishes New Product Segment and Presents First Prototypes at Electronica in Munich
Applications of Ynvisible’s E-paper DisplaysTransform Businesses and Shape the Future
SMT InductorsCoils and Ferrites — Selection Made Easy
Arrow Electronics to Showcase Innovative Technologies at electronica 2024
Using EMI Shielding to Achieve Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliance
The Ultimate Tool for Every Electronics EnthusiastUnlock Endless Possibilities with Red Pitaya and 1,000+ Click Boards™
V-LD1 Distance Radar Module
Siglent Presents Its New Vector Network Analyzer Platform SNA6000A
HDI in the MiddleA New Cost-Effective PCB Pooling Service for Tiny BGAs
Remote Access IoT LabOne and Only Solution for Remote Learning and Development in Embedded Industry
Challenges of DFM Analysis for Flex and Rigid-Flex Design
From Life's ExperienceMicrotechnophobia
3D Christmas TreeA 3D PCB with a Low-Cost, 32-bit Microcontroller
Starting Out in Electronics……Continues with the Opamp!
An Autonomous Sensor Node (Project Update #1)Reducing Idle Power Consumption with External RTC and Power Switch
2024: An AI OdysseyA Look Back at the Future
LED Displays with the MAX7219A Hands-On Approach to a Great Chip
Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters
VibroTactile GlovesA Breakthrough for Parkinson’s Patients
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
Rotary Dial Phone as Remote ControlTo Switch On the Lights, Dial 1; For the Coffee Maker, Dial 2
GPS-Based Speed MonitorNo More Speeding Tickets
RGB Stroboscope with ArduinoA Colorful Adaptation of a Useful Instrument
Wireless Emergency Push ButtonEnhanced Safety with LoRa
Starting Out in ElectronicsFollow the Emitter
Arbitrary, Independent Hysteresis Levels for Comparatorswith Simulations, Spreadsheets and Algebra
ESP32-Based Impedance AnalyzerSimple, Low-Part-Count, and Inexpensive!
HomeLab ToursEncouraging DIY
The MCCAB Arduino Nano Training BoardAll-in-One Hardware for the “Microcontrollers Hands-On Course”
From Life’s ExperienceModern Luddism
Sensor 101: The DS18B20 Temperature SensorConnection to the 1-Wire Bus
Is Matter the Thread to Save the Smart Home?New Standards to Simplify the Smart Home
A Matter of CollaborationDeveloping with the Thing Plus Matter Board and Simplicity Studio
Infographics: IoT and Sensors
Matter, ExpressLink, Rainmaker — What Is This All About?Q&A with Amey Inamdar, Technical Marketing Director at Espressif
Selecting Microcontroller Dev Kits for IoT and IIoT ApplicationsAn Introductory Guide
Capacitors Do Not Always Behave Capacitively!
An NTP Clock with CircuitPythonWhy Should You Use This Programming Language?
Build a Cool IoT DisplayWith the Phambili Newt
The HB100 Doppler Motion SensorTheory and Practice
A Bare-Metal Programming Guide (Part 1)For STM32 and Other Controllers
Siglent SDM3045X Multimeter
Microprocessors for Embedded SystemsPeculiar Parts, the Series
Microcontroller Documentation Explained (Part 3)Block Diagrams and More
Low-Power LoRa Weather StationBuild a long-range weather station by yourself
Transverter for the 70 cm Band
Climate Calling EngineersMove Fast and Fix Things
Hexadoku
This polysilicon solar panel (18 V/10 W) provides stable performance with a high conversion efficiency of >20%. Specifications Solar cell type Polysilicon Output power tolerance ±3% Operating voltage 17.6 V Open circuit voltage 21.6 V Cell quantity 36 (4x9) Power 10 Wp (max) Conversation efficiency >20% Operating current 0.57 A Short circuit current 0.61 A Standard system voltage 1000 V (Max) Operating temperature -40°C ~ +85°C Pressure on panel 30 m/s (200 kg/sq.m) (Max) Cable Length 90 cm, DC plug, OD 3.5 mm ID 1.35 mm Frame material Anodic oxidation aluminum alloy Dimensions 340 x 232 x 17 mm Weight 0.935 kg
In this book the author presents all essential aspects of microcontroller programming, without overloading the reader with unnecessary or quasi-relevant bits of information. Having read the book, you should be able to understand as well as program, 8-bit microcontrollers.
The introduction to microcontroller programming is worked out using microcontrollers from the PIC series. Not exactly state-of-the-art with just 8 bits, the PIC micro has the advantage of being easy to comprehend. It is offered in a DIP enclosure, widely available and not overly complex. The entire datasheet of the PIC micro is shorter by decades than the description of the architecture outlining the processor section of an advanced microcontroller. Simplicity has its advantages here. Having mastered the fundamental operation of a microcontroller, you can easily enter into the realms of advanced softcores later.
Having placed assembly code as the executive programming language in the foreground in the first part of the book, the author reaches a deeper level with ‘C’ in the second part. Cheerfully alongside the official subject matter, the book presents tips & tricks, interesting measurement technology, practical aspects of microcontroller programming, as well as hands-on options for easier working, debugging and faultfinding.
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Digital Load for High-Current TestingFrom Necessity to Innovation
Vocal RemoverInstant Karaoke Circuit
Audio A/B Selector With Gain ControlSwitches from Microphone to Line Inputs
Better Charging for the LIR2032Be Kind to Your Coin Cells
Touch Sensing Made SimpleA DIY Guide for Any Microcontroller
Universal Infrared Remote SwitchA New Life for Old Remotes
Microcontroller-Powered Moo BoxMaking Playful Sounds With a Microcontroller
USB Battery Interface
Powering Low-Draw Devices With Power BanksA “Stay Alive” Solution
Small Class-A Audio Amplifier With Current OutputDrive Speakers with Current Instead of Voltage
Pseudo-Balanced ModuleHigh CMRR with Unbalanced Audio Links
Ni-MH Cells Automatic ChargerRefill All Your Battery Packs in One Go!
Thyristor-Based Power Supply Protection
Fingerprint Sensor SwitchA Useful Proof-of-Identity Device
DC-DC 3-A Power ConverterUpgrade Your Fixed-Voltage Sources
Remote Water Heater MonitorVoltage and Current Detection for AC Lines
Attenuators for Audio Signals (1)Adjustable Via Jumpers
Pimp My Car Battery Charger (Part 1)Don’t Throw It Away, Mod It!
A Board for the Blue OnePCB for Alps Motorized Potentiometer with Feedback
50-Hz Reference from 60-Hz Mains VoltageHow to Use 50-Hz Electronics in 60-Hz Environments
Digital IsolatorsRealizing Galvanic Isolation Easily
Compact 12-W Hi-Fi Mono AmplifierSmall But Powerful
LM386 Ramp Generator
Three-Phase GeneratorWith Raspberry Pi Pico
Door Opener for the Musically Talented
Elektor Classic: Surf SynthesizerOcean Watersports Background Sound Generator (OWBSG)
Pimp my Car Battery Charger (Part 2)Don’t Throw It Away, Mod It!
Lamp Current MonitorWith a Raspberry Pi Pico
Infrared Telegraphy
Fnirsi SWM-10Repair Battery Packs With This Portable Intelligent Spot Welding Machine
Stereo Audio Codec for the ESP32 and Co.No Need to Be Afraid of Audio Measurement Technology
Tin Soldering TechniquesMake Them Well Right Away!
Attenuators for Audio Signals (2)Switching Via Relays
USB-C PowerDrawing Power from USB-C Power Adapters
Three Circuits with Two and Three Counter ICs4017 ICs Working Together
Active Components – The Diode
A Timer For Ultra-Long DelaysSet It, and Forget It!
Jack In and Jack OutA Useful Insert Option for Audio Circuits
Power an ESP32 from a Single Li-ion Cell
Hexadoku
The Speaker Kit for Raspberry Pi is a small amplified speaker designed for the Raspberry Pi. Included MonkMakes Amplified Speaker Set of 10 female to female header wires Short stereo audio lead Raspberry Leaf GPIO template Downloads Instructions Datasheet