Functionality, structure and handling of a power module
For readers with first steps in power management the “Abc of Power Modules” contains the basic principles necessary for the selection and use of a power module. The book describes the technical relationships and parameters related to power modules and the basis for calculation and measurement techniques.
Contents
Basics
This chapter describes the need of a DC/DC voltage converter and its basic functionality. Furthermore, various possibilities for realizing a voltage regulator are presented and the essential advantages of a power module are mentioned.
Circuit topologies
Circuit concepts, buck and boost topologies very frequently used with power modules are explained in detail and further circuit topologies are introduced.
Technology, construction and regulation technology
The mechanical construction of a power module is presented, which has a significant influence on EMC and thermal performance. Furthermore, control methods are explained and circuit design tips are provided in this chapter.
Measuring methods
Meaningful measurement results are absolutely necessary to assess a power module. The relevant measurement points and measurement methods are described in this chapter.
Handling
The aspects of storage and handling of power modules are explained, as well as their manufacturing and soldering processes.
Selection of a power modules
Important parameters and criteria for the optimal selection of a power module are presented in this section.
The Elektor Milliohmmeter Adapter uses the precision of a multimeter to measure very low resistance values. It is an adapter that converts a resistance into a voltage that can be measured with a standard multimeter.
The Elektor Milliohmmeter Adapter can measure resistances below 1 mΩ using a 4-wire (Kelvin) method. It is useful for locating short circuits on printed circuit boards (PCB).
The adapter features three measurement ranges – 1 mΩ, 10 mΩ, and 100 mΩ – selectable via a slide switch. It also includes onboard calibration resistors. The Elektor Milliohmmeter Adapter is powered by three 1.5 V AA batteries (not included).
Specifications
Measurement ranges
1 mΩ, 10 mΩ, 100 mΩ, 0.1%
Power supply
3x 1.5 V AA batteries (not included)
Dimensions
103 x 66 x 18 mm (compatible with Hammond 1593N-type enclosure, not included)
Special feature
On-board calibration resistors
Downloads
Documentation
Learn to interface and program hardware devices in a wide range of useful applications, using ARM7 microcontrollers and the C programming language. Examples covered in full detail include a simple LED to a multi-megabyte SD card running the FAT file system.
Features of this book
Build prototype circuits on breadboard or Veroboard and interface to ARM microcontrollers.
A 32-bit ARM7 microcontroller is used in interfacing and software examples.
Interfacing principles apply to other ARM microcontrollers and other non-ARM microcontrollers as well.
Example programs are written in the C programming language.
Use only free or open source software.
Download and install all programming tools from the Internet.
Template project files are provided for easy project creation.
Hardware
Interface to LEDs, transistors, optocouplers, relays, solenoids, switches, keypads, LCD displays, seven segment displays, DC motors, stepper motors, external analogue signals using the ADC, RS232, RS-485, TWI, USB, SPI and SD memory cards.
Software
Once hardware has been interfaced to a microcontroller, software must be written to control the hardware. You will learn how to write programs to operate externally interfaced hardware devices, use timers and interrupts. Also learn how to port FAT file system code for use with an SD memory card, program the PWM to produce an audio sine wave, program the PWM to speed control a DC motor and more.
A chapter on more advanced ARM microcontrollers is included with an overview of some of the newest ARM microcontrollers and their features.
This Wi-Fi module is based on the popular ESP8266 chip. The module is FCC and CE certified and RoHS compliant.
Fully compatible with ESP-12E. 13 GPIO pins, 1 analog input, 4 MB flash memory.
This Crowtail series 4G module is a high-performance LTE Cat1 wireless module. It uses the SIM A7670E communication module from Simcom and communicates through a UART interface, which enables 4G data transmission and voice communication. The module supports multiple LTE bands, including B1/B3/B5/B7/B8/B20, as well as WCDMA and GSM networks. In addition, it supports various protocols such as TCP/IP, FTP, HTTP, and multiple satellite navigation systems such as GPS, GLONASS, and BDS.
The module comes with a charging interface and can be powered by a 3.7 V lithium battery or a 5 V USB-C interface. It also has a 3.5 mm headphone jack, and by connecting a headphone with a microphone, it can be used for making and receiving phone calls. Its compact size makes it easy to integrate into various IoT devices and meet various application requirements. Furthermore, its low power consumption and reliable performance are also the reasons why it is widely used in IoT, smart home, automotive, and industrial control fields.
Features
Integrate the A7670E communication module, enabling 4G data transmission and voice communication with low power consumption and high reliability
Supports multiple LTE bands, including B1/B3/B5/B7/B8/B20, as well as WCDMA and GSM networks
Supports various protocols such as TCP/IP, FTP, HTTP, and multiple satellite navigation systems such as GPS, GLONASS, and BDS
Comes with a charging interface and a headphone jack, which can be used for making and receiving phone calls by connecting a headphone with a microphone
Small but powerful, compact size makes it easy to integrate into various IoT devices.
Specifications
Main Chip: SIM A7670E
LTE-FDD: B1/B3/B5/B7/B8/B20
GSM: 900/1800 MHz
GSM/GPRS power class
EGSM900: 4 (33 dBm ±2 dB)
DCS1800: 1 (30 dBm ±2 dB)
EDGE power class:
EGSM900: E2 (27 dBm ±3 dB)
DCS1800 : E1 (26 dBm +3 dB/-4 dB)
LTE power class: 3 (23 dBm ±7 dB)
Supply Voltage: 4 V ~ 4.2 V
Power: 3.8 V
LTE(Mbps): 10 (DL)/5 (UL)
GPRS/EDGE(Kbps): 236.8 (DL)/236.8 (UL)
Protocol: TCP/IP/IPV4/IPV6/Multi-PDP/FTP/FTPS /HTTP/HTTPS/DNS
Communication interface: USB / UART
Firmware Upgrade: USB/FOTA
Support phonebook types: SM/FD/ON/AP/SDN
Interfaces: 1x Power button, 1x BAT, 1x UART, 1x USB-C, 1x SIM Card slot
Dimensions: 35 x 50 mm
Included
1x Crowtail-4G SIM-A7670E
1x 4G GSM NB-IoT Antenna
1x GPS ceramic antenna
Downloads
Wiki
A7670 AT Command Manual
A7670 Datasheet
Source Code
Waveshare DVK600 is an FPGA CPLD mother board that features expansion connectors for connecting FPGA CPLD core board and accessory boards. DVK600 provides an easy way to set up FPGA CPLD development system.
Features
FPGA CPLD core board connector: for easily connecting core boards which integrate an FPGA CPLD chip onboard
8I/Os_1 interface, for connecting accessory boards/modules
8I/Os_2 interface, for connecting accessory boards/modules
16I/Os_1 interface, for connecting accessory boards/modules
16I/Os_2 interface, for connecting accessory boards/modules
32I/Os_1 interface, for connecting accessory boards/modules
32I/Os_2 interface, for connecting accessory boards/modules
32I/Os_3 interface, for connecting accessory boards/modules
SDRAM interface
for connecting SDRAM accessory board
also works as FPGA CPLD pins expansion connectors
LCD interface, for connecting LCD22, LCD12864, LCD1602
ONE-WIRE interface: easily connects to ONE-WIRE devices (TO-92 package), such as temperature sensor (DS18B20), electronic registration number (DS2401), etc.
5 V DC jack
Joystick: five positions
Buzzer
Potentiometer: for LCD22 backlight adjustment, or LCD12864, LCD1602 contrast adjustment
Power switch
Buzzer jumper
ONE-WIRE jumper
Joystick jumper
Downloads
Schematics
Programming and Projects for the Minima and WiFi
Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Eleven years later, the long-overdue successor, the Arduino Uno R4, was released. It is built around a 48 MHz, 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller and provides significantly expanded SRAM and Flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The Uno R4 board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface.
Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate.
The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, including
LEDs
7-segment displays (using timer interrupts)
LCDs
Sensors
RFID Reader
4x4 Keypad
Real-time clock (RTC)
Joystick
8×8 LED matrix
Motors
DAC (Digital-to-analog converter)
LED matrix
WiFi connectivity
Serial UART
CAN bus
Infrared controller and receiver
Simulators
… all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail.
Programming and Projects for the Minima and WiFi
Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Eleven years later, the long-overdue successor, the Arduino Uno R4, was released. It is built around a 48 MHz, 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller and provides significantly expanded SRAM and Flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The Uno R4 board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface.
Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate.
The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, including
LEDs
7-segment displays (using timer interrupts)
LCDs
Sensors
RFID Reader
4x4 Keypad
Real-time clock (RTC)
Joystick
8×8 LED matrix
Motors
DAC (Digital-to-analog converter)
LED matrix
WiFi connectivity
Serial UART
CAN bus
Infrared controller and receiver
Simulators
… all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail.
ESP32-C3-WROOM-02U is a general-purpose Wi-Fi and Bluetooth LE module. The rich set of peripherals and high performance make the module an ideal choice for smart homes, industrial automation, health care, consumer electronics, etc.
ESP32-C3-WROOM-02U features an external SPI flash and comes with a connector for an external antenna.
ESP32-C3-WROOM-02U has an operating ambient temperature option of –40∼85°C, embedded with the ESP32-C3 chip. ESP32-C3 has a 32-bit RISC-V single-core processor. It integrates a rich set of peripherals, ranging from UART, I²C, I²S, remote control peripheral, LED PWM controller, general DMA controller, TWAI controller, USB Serial/JTAG controller, temperature sensor, ADC, etc. It also includes SPI, Dual SPI and Quad SPI interfaces.
Features
Flash: 4 MB (Quad SPI)
Dimensions: 18.0 x 20.0 x 3.2 mm
Downloads
Datasheet