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Clever Tricks with ATmega328 Pro Mini BoardsWith a simple Pro Mini board and a few other components, projects that 20 or 30 years ago were unthinkable (or would have cost a small fortune) are realized easily and affordably in this book: From simple LED effects to a full battery charging and testing station that will put a rechargeable through its paces, there’s something for everyone.All the projects are based on the ATmega328 microcontroller, which offers endless measuring, switching, and control options with its 20 input and output lines. For example, with a 7-segment display and a few resistors, you can build a voltmeter or an NTC-based thermometer. The Arduino platform offers the perfect development environment for programming this range of boards.Besides these very practical projects, the book also provides the necessary knowledge for you to create projects based on your own ideas. How to measure, and what? Which transistor is suitable for switching a certain load? When is it better to use an IC? How do you switch mains voltage? Even LilyPad-based battery-operated projects are discussed in detail, as well as many different motors, from simple DC motors to stepper motors.Sensors are another exciting topic: For example, a simple infrared receiver that can give disused remote controls a new lease on life controlling your home, and a tiny component that can actually measure the difference in air pressure between floor and table height!

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Clever Tricks with ATmega328 Pro Mini BoardsWith a simple Pro Mini board and a few other components, projects that 20 or 30 years ago were unthinkable (or would have cost a small fortune) are realized easily and affordably in this book: From simple LED effects to a full battery charging and testing station that will put a rechargeable through its paces, there’s something for everyone.All the projects are based on the ATmega328 microcontroller, which offers endless measuring, switching, and control options with its 20 input and output lines. For example, with a 7-segment display and a few resistors, you can build a voltmeter or an NTC-based thermometer. The Arduino platform offers the perfect development environment for programming this range of boards.Besides these very practical projects, the book also provides the necessary knowledge for you to create projects based on your own ideas. How to measure, and what? Which transistor is suitable for switching a certain load? When is it better to use an IC? How do you switch mains voltage? Even LilyPad-based battery-operated projects are discussed in detail, as well as many different motors, from simple DC motors to stepper motors.Sensors are another exciting topic: For example, a simple infrared receiver that can give disused remote controls a new lease on life controlling your home, and a tiny component that can actually measure the difference in air pressure between floor and table height!

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50+ Android Apps with Raspberry Pi, ESP32 and Arduino This book is about developing apps for Android compatible mobile devices using the MIT App Inventor online development environment. MIT App Inventor projects can be in either standalone mode or use an external processor. In standalone mode, the developed application runs only on the mobile device (e.g. Android). In external processor-based applications, the mobile device communicates with an external microcontroller-based processor, such as Raspberry Pi, Arduino, ESP8266, ESP32, etc. In this book, many tested and fully working projects are given both in standalone mode and using an external processor. Full design steps, block programs, circuit diagrams, QR codes and full program listings are given for all projects. The projects developed in this book include: Using the text-to-speech component Intonating a received SMS message Sending SMS messages Making telephone calls using a contacts list Using the GPS and Pin-pointing our location on a map Speech recognition and speech translation to another language Controlling multiple relays by speech commands Projects for the Raspberry Pi, ESP32 and Arduino using Bluetooth and Wi-Fi MIT APP Inventor and Node-RED projects for the Raspberry Pi The book is unique in that it is currently the only book that teaches how to develop projects using Wi-Fi and Node-RED with MIT App Inventor. The book is aimed at students, hobbyists, and anyone interested in developing apps for mobile devices. All projects presented in this book have been developed using the MIT App Inventor visual programming language. There is no need to write any text-based programs. All projects are compatible with Android-based mobile devices. Full program listings for all projects as well as detailed program descriptions are given in the book. Users should be able to use the projects as they are presented, modifying them to suit their own needs.

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Note: NodeMCU is the name of both a firmware and a boardNodeMCU is an open source IoT platform, whose firmware runs on Espressif's SoC Wi-Fi ESP8266, based on the ESP8266 nonOS SDK. Its hardware is based on the ESP-12 module. The scripting language is Lua which allows to use many open source projects like lua-cjson and spiffs. Features Wi-Fi Module – ESP-12E module similar to ESP-12 module but with 6 extra GPIOs. USB – micro USB port for power, programming and debugging Headers – 2x 2.54 mm 15-pin header with access to GPIOs, SPI, UART, ADC, and power pins Reset & Flash buttons Power: 5V via micro USB port Dimensions: 49 x 24.5 x 13 mm

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BeagleY-AI is a low-cost, open-source, and powerful 64-bit quad-core single-board computer, equipped with a GPU, DSP, and vision/deep learning accelerators, designed for developers and makers. Users can take advantage of BeagleBoard.org's provided Debian Linux software images, which include a built-in development environment. This enables the seamless running of AI applications on a dedicated 4 TOPS co-processor, while simultaneously handling real-time I/O tasks with an 800 MHz microcontroller. BeagleY-AI is designed to meet the needs of both professional developers and educational environments. It is affordable, easy to use, and open-source, removing barriers to innovation. Developers can explore in-depth lessons or push practical applications to their limits without restriction. Specifications Processor TI AM67 with quad-core 64-bit Arm Cortex-A53, GPU, DSP, and vision/deep learning accelerators RAM 4 GB LPDDR4 Wi-Fi BeagleBoard BM3301 module based on TI CC3301 (802.11ax Wi-Fi) Bluetooth Bluetooth Low Energy 5.4 (BLE) USB • 4x USB-A 3.0 supporting simultaneous 5 Gbps operation• 1x USB-C 2.0 supports USB 2.0 device Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet, with PoE+ support (requires separate PoE+ HAT) Camera/Display 1x 4-lane MIPI camera/display transceivers, 1x 4-lane MIPI camera Display Output 1x HDMI display, 1x OLDI display Real-time Clock (RTC) Supports an external button battery for power failure time retention. It is only populated on EVT samples. Debug UART 1x 3-pin debug UART Power 5 V/5 A DC power via USB-C, with Power Delivery support Power Button On/Off included PCIe Interface PCI-Express Gen3 x1 interface for fast peripherals (requires separate M.2 HAT or other adapter) Expansion Connector 40-pin header Fan connector 1x 4-pin fan connector, supports PWM speed control and speed measurement Storage microSD card slot, with support for high-speed SDR104 mode Tag Connect 1x JTAG, 1x Tag Connect for PMIC NVM Programming Downloads Pinout Documentation Quick start Software

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AVR Architecture and Programming An in-depth look at the 8-bit AVR architecture found in ATtiny and ATmega microcontrollers, mainly from a software and programming point of view. Explore the AVR architecture using C and assembly language in Microchip Studio (formerly Atmel Studio) with ATtiny microcontrollers. Learn the details of how AVR microcontrollers work internally, including the internal registers and memory map of ATtiny devices. Program ATtiny microcontrollers using an Atmel-ICE programmer/debugger, or use a cheap hobby programmer, or even an Arduino Uno as a programmer. Most code examples can be run using the Microchip Studio AVR simulator. Learn to write programs for ATtiny microcontrollers in assembly language. See how assembly language is converted to machine code instructions by the assembler program. Find out how programs written in the C programming language end up as assembly language and finally as machine code instructions. Use the Microchip Studio debugger in combination with a hardware USB programmer/debugger to test assembly and C language programs, or use the Microchip Studio AVR simulator. DIP packaged ATtiny microcontrollers are used in this volume for easy use on electronic breadboards, targeting mainly the ATtiny13(A) and ATtiny25/45/85. Learn about instruction timing and clocks in AVR microcontrollers using ATtiny devices. Be on your way to becoming an AVR expert with advanced debugging and programming skills.

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ModbusRTU and ModbusTCP examples with the Arduino Uno and ESP8266 Introduction to PLC programming with OpenPLC, the first fully open source Programmable Logic Controller on the Raspberry Pi, and Modbus examples with Arduino Uno and ESP8266 PLC programming is very common in industry and home automation. This book describes how the Raspberry Pi 4 can be used as a Programmable Logic Controller. Before taking you into the programming, the author starts with the software installation on the Raspberry Pi and the PLC editor on the PC, followed by a description of the hardware. You'll then find interesting examples in the different programming languages complying with the IEC 61131-3 standard. This manual also explains in detail how to use the PLC editor and how to load and execute the programs on the Raspberry Pi. All IEC languages are explained with examples, starting with LD (Ladder Diagram) over ST (Structured Control Language) to SFC (Special Function Chart). All examples can be downloaded from the author's website. Networking gets thorough attention too. The Arduino Uno and the ESP8266 are programmed as ModbusRTU or ModbusTCP modules to get access to external peripherals, reading sensors and switching electrical loads. I/O circuits complying with the 24 V industry standard may also be of interest for the reader. The book ends with an overview of commands for ST and LD. After reading the book, the reader will be able to create his own controllers with the Raspberry Pi.

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Specifications Lens diameter: 90 mm / 3.54' Dioptre: lens Ø 90 mm: dioptre 3 – magnification: 1.75 Power supply: 3 x 1.5 V AAA battery Dimensions: 210 x 170 x 110 mm / 8.3 x 6.7 x 4.3' Weight: 615 g Material: Stand: stainless steel Lens: glass Connecting parts: copper

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The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller development system encompassing hardware, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and a vast number of libraries. It is supported by an enormous community of programmers, electronic engineers, enthusiasts, and academics. The libraries in particular really smooth Arduino programming and reduce programming time. What’s more, the libraries greatly facilitate testing your programs since most come fully tested and working. The Raspberry Pi 4 can be used in many applications such as audio and video media devices. It also works in industrial controllers, robotics, games, and in many domestic and commercial applications. The Raspberry Pi 4 also offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capability which makes it great for remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications. This book is about using both the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Arduino Uno in PID-based automatic control applications. The book starts with basic theory of the control systems and feedback control. Working and tested projects are given for controlling real-life systems using PID controllers. The open-loop step time response, tuning the PID parameters, and the closed-loop time response of the developed systems are discussed together with the block diagrams, circuit diagrams, PID controller algorithms, and the full program listings for both the Raspberry Pi and the Arduino Uno. The projects given in the book aim to teach the theory and applications of PID controllers and can be modified easily as desired for other applications. The projects given for the Raspberry Pi 4 should work with all other models of Raspberry Pi family. The book covers the following topics: Open-loop and closed-loop control systems Analog and digital sensors Transfer functions and continuous-time systems First-order and second-order system time responses Discrete-time digital systems Continuous-time PID controllers Discrete-time PID controllers ON-OFF temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based DC motor control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based water level control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based LED-LDR brightness control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno

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The board contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a micro-USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Due is compatible with all Arduino shields that work at 3.3V and are compliant with the 1.0 Arduino pinout. The Due follows the 1.0 pinout: TWI: SDA and SCL pins that are near to the AREF pin. IOREF: allows an attached shield with the proper configuration to adapt to the voltage provided by the board. This enables shield compatibility with a 3.3V board like the Due and AVR-based boards which operate at 5V. An unconnected pin, reserved for future use. Specifications Operating Voltage 3.3 V Input Voltage 7-12 V Digital I/O 54 Analog Input Pins 12 Analog Output Pins 2 (DAC) Total DC Output Current on all I/O Lines 130 mA DC Current per I/O Pin 20 mA DC Current for 3.3 V Pin 800 mA DC Current for 5 V Pin 800 mA Flash Memory 512 KB all available for the user applications SRAM 96 KB Clock Speed 84 MHz Length 101.52 mm Width 53.3 mm Weight 36 g Please note: Unlike most Arduino boards, the Arduino Due board runs at 3.3V. The maximum voltage that the I/O pins can tolerate is 3.3V. Applying voltages higher than 3.3V to any I/O pin could damage the board.

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This expansion board allows you to add an RS485 and a CAN interface to a Raspberry Pi Pico. The board also offers the option of operating it either via a standard USB-C connection with 5 V or via a screw terminal that accepts a voltage of 6 to 12 V. The voltage applied to the screw terminal is reduced to 5 V by a voltage converter integrated on the board. Features Power can be supplied via a USB-C connection with 5 V or via a screw terminal that draws between 6 and 12 V. In the latter case, a built-in voltage converter reduces the voltage to 5 V. To increase the versatility and range of functions, the connection pins of the Raspberry Pi Pico have been routed to the outside. The expansion board also offers the option of communication via the RS485 and CAN interfaces. Specifications CAN Interface SPI, CAN RS485 Interface Serial, RS485 Power supply 5 V DC (USB-C) Screw terminal 6-12 V DC Logic level 3.3 V Terminating resistor CAN 120 Ω (can be activated and deactivated as required) Terminating resistor RS485 120 Ω (can be activated and deactivated as required)

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The Arduino Micro contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a micro USB cable to get started. It has a form factor that enables it to be easily placed on a breadboard. The Micro board is similar to the Arduino Leonardo in that the ATmega32U4 has built-in USB communication, eliminating the need for a secondary processor. This allows the Micro to appear to a connected computer as a mouse and keyboard, in addition to a virtual (CDC) serial / COM port. Specifications Microcontroller ATmega32U4 Operating Voltage 5 V Input Voltage 7 V - 12 V Analog Input Pins 12 PWM Pins 7 DC I/O Pin 20 DC Current per I/O Pin 20 mA DC Current for 3.3 V Pin 50 mA Flash Memory 32 KB of which 4 KB used by the bootloader SRAM 2.5 KB EEPROM 1 KB Clock Speed 16 MHz LED_Builtin 13 Length 45 mm Width 18 mm Weight 13 g

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