Understanding and Using Them Effectively
What happens in electronics is invisible to the naked eye. The instrument that allows to accurately visualize electrical signals, the one through which the effects of electronics become apparent to us, is the oscilloscope.
Alas, when one first ventures into electronics, it is often without an oscilloscope. And one is left fumbling, both physically and mentally. Observing an electrical signal on a screen for the first time is a revelation. Nobody wishes to forgo that marvel again. There is no turning back.
In electronics, if one wishes to progress with both enjoyment and understanding, an oscilloscope is essential. This marks the beginning of a period of questioning: how to choose one? And no sooner is that question answered than a whole string of others arises, which can be summed up in just one: how does one use the oscilloscope in such a way that what it displays truly reflects the reality of the signals?
Rémy Mallard is a passionate communicator with a gift for making complex technical subjects understandable and engaging. In this book, he provides clear answers to essential questions about using an oscilloscope and offers a wealth of guidance to help readers explore and understand the electrical signals behind electronic systems. With his accessible style and practical insights, this book is a valuable tool for anyone eager to deepen their understanding of electronics.
Understanding and Using Them Effectively
What happens in electronics is invisible to the naked eye. The instrument that allows to accurately visualize electrical signals, the one through which the effects of electronics become apparent to us, is the oscilloscope.
Alas, when one first ventures into electronics, it is often without an oscilloscope. And one is left fumbling, both physically and mentally. Observing an electrical signal on a screen for the first time is a revelation. Nobody wishes to forgo that marvel again. There is no turning back.
In electronics, if one wishes to progress with both enjoyment and understanding, an oscilloscope is essential. This marks the beginning of a period of questioning: how to choose one? And no sooner is that question answered than a whole string of others arises, which can be summed up in just one: how does one use the oscilloscope in such a way that what it displays truly reflects the reality of the signals?
Rémy Mallard is a passionate communicator with a gift for making complex technical subjects understandable and engaging. In this book, he provides clear answers to essential questions about using an oscilloscope and offers a wealth of guidance to help readers explore and understand the electrical signals behind electronic systems. With his accessible style and practical insights, this book is a valuable tool for anyone eager to deepen their understanding of electronics.
An Illustrated Handbook of Vintage ‘Scopes Repair and Preservation
Tektronix oscilloscopes are true masterpieces of electronics and have helped mankind advance in every field of science, wherever a physical phenomenon needed to be observed and studied. They helped man reach the moon, find the cause of plane crashes, and paved the way for thousands of other discoveries.
Restoring and collecting these oscilloscopes is an exciting activity; it is really worthwhile to save them from the effects of time and restore them to their original condition. Many parts are quite easy to find, and there are many Internet sites, groups, and videos that can help you. Much of the original documentation is still available, but it is not always sufficient. This book contains a lot of information, descriptions, suggestions, technical notes, photos and schematics that can be of great help to those who want to restore or simply repair these wonderful witnesses of one of the most beautiful eras in the history of technology.
Component layouts included!
This book includes a nearly complete component layout plan of the original 545 oscilloscope, with relative reference designators. Not found in the original Tektronix manuals, this layout should prove invaluable to the repair technician.
The DIY Mini Digital Oscilloscope Kit (with shell) is an easy-to-build kit for a tiny digital oscilloscope. Besides the power switch, it has only one other control, a rotary encoder with a built-in pushbutton. The kit's microcontroller comes preprogrammed. The 0.96" OLED display has a resolution of 128 x 64 pixels. The oscilloscope features one channel that can measure signals up to 100 kHz. The maximum input voltage is 30 V, the minimum voltage is 0 V.
The kit consists of through-hole components (THT) are surface-mount devices (SMD). Therefore, assembling the kit means soldering SMD parts, which requires some soldering experience.
Specifications
Vertical range: 0 to 30 V
Horizontal range: 100 µs to 500 ms
Trigger type: auto, normal and single
Trigger edge: rising and falling
Trigger level: 0 to 30 V
Run/Stop mode
Automatic frequency measurement
Power: 5 V micro-USB
10 Hz, 5 V sinewave output
9 kHz, 0 to 4.8 V square wave output
Display: 0.96-inch OLED screen
Dimensions: 57 x 38 x 26 mm
Downloads
Documentation
OWON SDS1102 is an affordable desktop digital oscilloscope with top features: 2-channel device with 100 MHz bandwidth, 1 GSa/s sample rate, 7" LCD display and 10 K pts wavelength.
OWON SDS1102 has a simplified synchronization system which supports two trigger types: level and edge. Designed to solve problems that do not require large amounts of memory and difficult trigger types.
Features
Bandwidth: 100 MHz
2 channels
Sample rate: 100 MS/s
Ultra-thin body
7-inch high resolution LCD
SCPI and LabVIEW supported
Specifications
Bandwidth
100 MHz
Horizontal Scale (s/div)
5 ns/div – 1000 s/div
Channel
2
Vertical Sensitivity
5 mV/div – 5 V/div (at input)
DC Gain Accuracy
3%
Vertical Resolution (A/D)
8 bits (2 channels simultaneously)
Input
Input Impedance
1 MΩ, 10 pF
Input Coupling
AC, DC, GND
Max Input Voltage
±400 V, CATI, CATII
Passive probes
х1; х10
Probe Attenuation Factor
х1; х10; х100; х1000
Trigger System
Trigger Mode
Auto, Normal, Single
Trigger Type
Edge, Video
Edge Trigger Source
CH1, CH2
Video Trigger
Sampling Type
Real-time
Sample Rate
1 GSa/s
Equivalent Sample Rate
No
Wavelength
10K pts
Interpolation
sin(x)/x
Measurement and Mathematical Treatment System
Automatic Measurement
Vpp, Vavg, RMS, Frequency, Period, Vmax, Vmin, Vtop, Vbase, Width, Overshoot, Pre-shootRise time, Fall time, +Width, -Width, +Duty, -Duty, Delay A→B, Delay A→B, area, cycle area
Math Functions
Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, FFT
General Characteristics
Display type
7" color LCD
Display Resolution
800 x 480
Power
100-240 V, 45-440 Hz, <15 W
Dimensions
301 x 70 x 152 mm
Weight
1.1 kg
Included
1x OWON SDS1102 Oscilloscope
2x Oscilloscope probe
1x Probe Adjust
1x Mains power cord
1x USB Cable
1x CD-Rom
1x Quick Start Guide
Downloads
Manual
Datasheet
The FNIRSI DSO153 is a highly practical and cost-effective handheld oscilloscope with a real-time sampling rate of 5 MSa/s, 1 MHz bandwidth, and complete triggering function (single, normal, auto). It can be used freely for both periodic analog signals and non-periodic digital signals, and can measure up to ±400 V voltage with an efficient one-click AUTO, which can display the measured waveform without complicated adjustments. Additionally, it features a function signal generator capable of outputting 14 types of signals (10 KHz).
Equipped with a 2.8-inch 320x240 resolution HD LCD screen and a built-in 1000 mAh high-quality lithium battery, it can be used for about 4 hours when fully charged.
Features
2.8-inch HD LCD display with 320x240 Resolution
Portable Pocket Oscilloscope with Signal Generator
Lightweight, mini-sized, assembled
Faster sampling: 5 MS/s, 1 MHz bandwidth
Versatile triggering: Single, Normal, Auto
User-friendly: One-button setup
Extended battery: 1000 mAh, 4 hours
Multi-functionality: 10 KHz Sine Wave Generator
Specifications
Bandwidth
1 MHz
Sampling rate
5 MSa/s
Vertical Sensitivity
10mV/Div – 20V/Div
Time Base Range
500ns/Div – 20s/Div
Voltage Range
X1: ±40 V (Vpp: 80 V)X10: ±400 V (Vpp: 800 V)
Trigger Method
Auto / Normal / Single
Coupling Method
AC/DC
Frequency Range
0-10 KHz
Duty Cycle Range
0-100%
Amplitude Range
0.1-3.3 V
Display
2.8 inches (Resolution: 320 x 240)
USB Charging
5 V/1 A
Lithium Battery Capacity
1000 mAh
Dimensions
99 x 68.3 x 19.5 mm
Weight
100 g
Included
1x FNIRSI DSO153 Oscilloscope
1x P6100 oscilloscope probe
1x Adapter
1x Alligator clip probe
1x USB charging cable
1x Lanyard
1x Manual
Downloads
Manual
Firmware V1.1.8
The FNIRSI 2C23T is a fully functional, highly practical 3-in-1 dual channel digital oscilloscope with a high resolution 2.8-inch LCD display (320 x 240 pixels) designed for the maintenance and development industry.
This device is equipped with 3 main functions: oscilloscope, multimeter and signal generator.
The oscilloscope has an FPGA+MCU+ADC hardware architecture with a sampling rate of 50 MS/s, an analog bandwidth of 10 MHz and a built-in high-voltage protection module that supports the measurement of peak voltages of ±400 V maximum.
The multimeter has a 4-digit 10000-point RMS value and supports AC/DC voltage and current measurements, as well as capacitance, resistance, diode, on/off and other measurement functions.
Equipped with a built-in DDS function signal generator, it can output 7 kinds of function signals, with a maximum output of 2 MHz for all signals and a step of 1 Hz; the output frequency, amplitude and duty cycle are adjustable.
The built-in 3000 mAh rechargeable lithium battery achieves a standby time of up to 6 hours.
Features
2-ch oscilloscope
10 MHz bandwidth
50 MS/s real-time sampling rate
7 signal waveforms
10000 counts
2.8' HD color display (320 x 240 pixels)
Dimensions: 167 x 89 x 35 mm
Weight: 300 g
Specifications
Oscilloscope
Dual channel, 2x 10 MHz bandwidth, 50 MS/s real-time sampling rate
Maximum measured voltage: ±400 V
FPGA+ADC+MCU high-performance hardware architecture, capturing waveform details without loss
Equipped with complete triggering functions (auto, single, normal)
Equipped with efficient automatic adjustment, the measured waveform can be displayed without complicated adjustment
Save waveform screenshots, supports exporting images to a computer, facilitate secondary waveform analysis
Multimeter
4-bit integer 9999 counting True RMS measurement
Identification of voltage, current, capacitance, resistance, diode, on/off, and zero live wire
Maximum input voltage: AC 750 V, DC 1000 V
Automatic range, intelligent anti burning
Data retention, color screen digital display
Signal Generator
7 signal waveforms: sine wave, square wave, triangular wave, full wave, half wave, noise wave, DC
Output frequency: 1 Hz-2 MHz
Output amplituade: 0.1-3.3 V
Output duty cycle: 0-100%
Included
1x FNIRSI 2C23T (3-in-1) 2-ch Oscilloscope
1x P6100 oscilloscope probes (10X)
1x Multimeter probe
1x Crocodile clip probe
1x USB-C charging cable
1x Manual
Downloads
Manual
The FNIRDSI DSO-TC4 is a multifunctional transistor oscilloscope that is both comprehensive and practical. It is designed for use in maintenance and R&D applications, integrating an oscilloscope, transistor tester, and signal generator into a single device.
Features
Equipped with a 2.8-inch TFT color screen for a clear and intuitive display
Built-in high-capacity rechargeable lithium battery (1500 mAh) with a standby time of up to 4 hours
Compact and lightweight, ideal for mobile use
Specifications
Oscilloscope
Analog Bandwidth
10 MHz
Real-Time Sampling Rate
48 MSa/s
Input Impedance
1 MΩ
Coupling Mode
AC/DC
Test Voltage Range
1:1 Probe: 80 Vpp (+40 V)
10:1 Probe: 800 Vpp (+400 V)
Vertical Sensitivity
10 mV/div~10 V/div (X1 range)
Vertical Displacement
Adjustable with indication
Time Base Range
50ns~20s
Trigger Mode
Auto/Normal/Single
Trigger Type
Rising edge, Falling edge
Trigger Level
Adjustable with indication
Waveform Freeze
Yes (HOLD function)
Automatic Measurement
Max, Min, Avg, RMS, Vpp, Frequency, Cycle, Duty Cycle
Component Tester
Transistor
Amplification factor "hfe"; Base-Emitter voltage "Ube", Ic/Ie, Collector-Emitter reverse leakage current "Iceo", Ices, Forward voltage drop of protection diode "Uf"
Diode
Forward voltage drop <5 V (Forward voltage drop, Junction capacitance, Reverse leakage current)
Zener Diode
0.01~32 V
Reverse Breakdown Voltage (K-A-A Test Area)
Field-Effect Transistor (FET)
JFET: Gate capacitance "Cg", Drain current Id under "Vgs", Forward voltage drop of protection diode "Uf"
IGBT: Drain current Id under Vgs, Forward voltage drop of protection diode Uf
MIOSTET: Threshold voltage "Vt", Gate capacitance "Cg", Drain-Source resistance "Rds", Forward voltage drop of protection diode "Uf"
Unidirectional SCR
Trigger voltage <5V, Gate level (Gate voltage)
Bidirectional SCR
Trigger current <6mA (Gate voltage)
Capacitor
25pF~100mF, Capacitance value, Loss factor "Vloss"
Resistor
0.01Ω~50MΩ
Inductor
10μH~1000μH, DC resistance
DS18B20
Temperature sensor, Pins: GND, DQ, VDD
DHT11
Temperature and humidity sensor, Pins: VDD, DATA, GND
Signal Generator
Output Waveform
Supports 13 waveform outputs
Waveform Frequency
0-50 KHz
Square Wave Duty Cycle
0-100%
Waveform Amplitude
0.1-3.0 V
General
Display
2.8-inch TFT color screen
Backlight
Brightness adjustable
Power Supply
USB-C (5 V/1 A)
Battery
3.7 V/1500 mAh
Languages
English, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean
Dimensions
90 x 142 x 27.5 mm
Weight
186 g
Included
1x FNIRSI DSO-TC4 (3-in-1) Oscilloscope (10 MHz)
1x P6100 Oscilloscope probes (10X)
1x Alligator clip probe
3x Test hooks
1x Adapter
1x USB-C charging cable
1x Manual
Downloads
Manual
Firmware V0.0.3 (+V1.0.9)
An illustrated chronicle of Teknology for collectors and restorers
Oscilloscopes have made a major contribution to the advancement of human knowledge, not only in electronics, but in all sciences, whenever a physical quantity can be converted into a timerelated electrical signal.
This book traces the history of a crucial instrument through many Tektronix products. This is the company that invented and patented most of the functions found in all oscilloscopes today. Tek is and will always be synonymous with the oscilloscope.
In nearly 600 pages, with hundreds of gorgeous photos, diagrams, anecdotes, and technical data, you'll travel through the history of Tektronix in a superb collector's edition with a technical point of view. The author is not afraid to get his hands dirty restoring his own Tek equipment. The journey starts in the early 1950s. It ends in the '90s, after exploring the ins and outs of the most interesting models in the 300, 400, 500, 5000, 7000, and 11000 series, from tubes to advanced hybrid technologies.
Downloads
NEW: Free Supplement (136 pages, 401 MB)
2 Channels • 350 MHz • 1 GSa/s • 50,000 wfm/s • 7 inch Touchscreen
The FNIRSI DPOS350P is a sleek 4-in-1 powerhouse in tablet form! This compact and portable device packs serious functionality: it combines a 2-channel oscilloscope (350 MHz), a signal generator (50 MHz), a frequency response analyzer (50 MHz), and a spectrum analyzer (200 kHz–350 MHz) – all in one unit.
Whether you're in R&D, troubleshooting, or field testing, the DPOS350P delivers the tools you need to measure, generate, analyze, and visualize electronic signals with precision and clarity. Its responsive high-resolution touchscreen and intuitive controls make signal analysis fast, flexible and efficient.
Features
Powerful Multi-Function Integration
350 MHz 2-channel oscilloscope with 1 GSa/s real-time sampling
50 MHz signal generator with 14 standard + custom waveforms
Spectrum analyzer (200 kHz–350 MHz): Perfect for EMI, RF & HF testing
Frequency response analyzer (FRA) up to 50 MHz
High-Performance Waveform Capture
50,000 wfm/s refresh rate for real-time signal clarity
350 MHz bandwidth (single-channel mode)
Detects rare and low-probability anomalies
Crisp Display & Smooth Operation
7" IPS touchscreen (1024 x 600 resolution)
Switch between grayscale and color temperature display
Easy to operate in various test environments
Reliable, Protected & Fast-Charging
High-voltage protection up to 400 V
Fast charging with QC 18 W (full charge in 2 hours)
Built for stable long-term operation
Data Storage & Export
Save up to 500 waveform records + 90 screenshots
USB export for easy reporting and offline analysis
Specifications
General
Display
7 inch (IPS full viewing angle)
Resolution
1024 x 600 pixels
Interaction mode
Capacitive touch screen
Total power consumption
10 W
Power-on configuration
5 presets
Charging
QC 18 W, 12 V/1.5 A (USB-C)
Battery
3.7 V, 8000 mAh lithium battery
Battery life
approx. 3 hours in operation, 5 hours standby
Heat dissipation
Air cooling
Expansion interface
USB data port
Automatic shutdown
15~60 minutes / off
Firmware upgrade
Support .iso image upgrade
Languages
English / Portuguese / Russian / Chinese
Dimensions
190 x 128 x 37 mm
Oscilloscope
Analog channels
2
Analog bandwidth
350 MHz
Rise time
1ns
Real-time sampling rate
1 GSa/s
Memory depth
60 Kpts
Input impedance
1 MΩ / 14PF
Time base range
5ns ~ 50s
Roll time base
50ms ~ 50s
Vertical sensitivity
2 mV ~ 20 V (1X)
Vertical range
16 mV ~ 160 V (1X)
DC accuracy
±2%
Time accuracy
±0.01%
Input coupling
DC / AC
Probe attenuation
1X / 10X / 100X
Hardware bandwidth limit
150M / 20M
High resolution mode
8bit ~ 16bit
Parameter measurements
12 types
Cursor measurement
Time, period, frequency, level, voltage
Trigger detection
Digital trigger
Trigger channel
CH1 / CH2
Trigger mode
Auto / Single / Normal
Trigger edge
Rising edge / Falling edge
Trigger suppression
L1 ~ L3
Trigger level
Manual / automatic 10% ~ 90%
Screenshot storage
90 pictures
Waveform storage
500 groups
Background grid
Display / hide
Waveform movement
Coarse adjustment / fine adjustment
Overvoltage protection
Withstand voltage 400 V
Waveform brightness
Adjustable
Simple FFT display
Yes
Digital fluorescence
Yes
Color temperature display
Yes
X-Y mode
Yes
ZOOM time base
Yes
One-key automatic adjustment
Yes
One-key return to zero
Yes
Data browser
Yes
Signal Generator
Waveform types
14 standard functions + captured waveform
Frequency
0~50 MHz (sine wave only, other waveforms up to 10M/5M/3M)
Amplitude
0~5 VPP
Offset
-2.5 V ~ +2.5V
Duty cycle
0.1~99.9%
Frequency resolution
1 Hz
Amplitude resolution
1 mV
Offset resolution
1 mV
Duty cycle resolution
0.1%
Customizable captured waveform
500 groups
Frequency Response Analyzer (FRA)
Excitation signal frequency
100 Hz ~ 50 MHz
Excitation signal amplitude
0~5 VPP
Excitation signal offset
-2.5V ~ +2.5V
Excitation frequency count
20~500
Cursor measurement
Frequency / gain / phase
Operating mode
Single / cyclic
System calibration
Yes
Spectrum Analyzer
Conversion method
FFT
FFT length
4K ~ 32K
Frequency range
200 KHz ~ 350 MHz
Level range
-60 dBmV ~ +260 dBmV
Cursor measurement
Frequency / amplitude
Marking parameter
Maximum energy harmonic
Waterfall chart
Yes
3D waterfall chart
Yes
Automatic adjustment
Yes
System calibration
Yes
Included
1x FNIRSI DPOS350P (4-in-1)
2x 350 MHz Probes
1x QC 18 W Fast Charger (EU)
1x USB Data Cable
1x Alligator Clip
1x Storage Bag
1x Manual
Downloads
Manual
Firmware
The FNIRSI 1013D is a fully featured 2-channel tablet oscilloscope with a high-resolution 7-inch LCD screen (800 x 480 pixels). The oscilloscope has a real-time sampling rate of 1 GSa/s and an analog bandwidth of 100 MHz.
With full trigger functions (single/normal/automatic), it can be used for periodic analog signals or non-periodic digital signals. The built-in high-voltage protection module can withstand a continuous voltage of up to 400 V.
Features
Intelligent anti-burn,1X can withstand up to 400 V withstand voltage.
100 MHz analog bandwidth @ 1 GSa/s sampling rate (1X = 5 MHz,10X = 100 MHz).
Fully fit 7-inch 800 x 480 resolution color TFT LCD display with bright colors and high contrast.
Capacitive touching screen, the same as the touching mode of modern mobile tablet, is not a resistive touching screen with ancient nail operation.
High measurement voltage range, 1X can measure 0~40 V, 10X can measure 0~400 V,100X can measure 0~4000 V.
Up to 12 parameters measurement: VPP, VP, Vmax, Vmin, Vavg, Vrms, Frequent, Duty+, Duty-, Time+, Time−, Period.
Cursor measurement function, it is convenient to manually measure the period and frequency and voltage.
Complete triggering function (single, normal, automatic).
At any time, the waveform display (pause function) is frozen.
Equipped with high efficiency One-button AUTO.
One-button waveform storage and screenshot.
Built-in 1 GB storage space, can store up to 1000 screenshots + 1000 sets of waveform data.
Powerful waveform picture manager supports thumbnail browsing, viewing, detailed viewing, page turning, deletion and waveform zooming in, zooming out, moving, etc.
Equipped with a USB interface, which can be connected to a computer to share its screenshots with the computer, which is convenient for secondary analysis.
Lissajous figures graphic display function can be used to determine the amplitude, frequency, and phase contrast of two groups of signals.
FFT display function, can analyze the spectral characteristics of the signal.
Built-in 6000 mAh rechargeable lithium battery, fully charged for 4 hours of continuous use at the highest screen brightness.
Memory compression technology, waveform refresh screen does not flicker.
Screen brightness adjustment.
Background grid brightness adjustment.
Applications
Electronic DIY
Appliance repair
Car repair
Equipment debug
Scientific research
Product development
Specifications
Channels
2
LCD size
7 inch
LCD resolution
800 x 480
Display technology
TFT
Bandwidth
100 Mhz
Sampling rate
1 GSa/s
Rise time
<3nS
Storage depth
240 Kbit
Input resistance
1 MΩ
Sensitivity
50 mV ~ 500 V
Time base
50S ~ 10nS
Trigger mode
Single/Normal/Auto
Trigger edge
Rising/Falling
Coupling
AC/DC
Highest test voltage
1X: 40 V, 10X: 400 V
Cursor
Position XY, Trigger Y
Roll mode
Yes
One button AUTO
Yes
Waveform storage
1000 pictures + 1000 waveforms
Waveform manager
Yes
Voltage accuracy
±2%
Frequency precision
±0.01% high precision
Parameter
12 kinds in total
Battery
6000 mAh Lithium
Standby
4 hours
Extension
USB export
Power supply
USB-C, 5 V @ 2 A/3 A/4 A
Dimensions
184 x 124 x 50 mm
Weight
650 g
Included
1x FNIRSI 1013D 2-ch Tablet Oscilloscope
2x 100 MHz Probes (1X and 10X)
1x USB charger
1x USB cable
1x Manual
Downloads
Manual
Firmware