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In this book the author presents all essential aspects of microcontroller programming, without overloading the reader with unnecessary or quasi-relevant bits of information. Having read the book, you should be able to understand as well as program, 8-bit microcontrollers.The introduction to microcontroller programming is worked out using microcontrollers from the PIC series. Not exactly state-of-the-art with just 8 bits, the PIC micro has the advantage of being easy to comprehend. It is offered in a DIP enclosure, widely available and not overly complex. The entire datasheet of the PIC micro is shorter by decades than the description of the architecture outlining the processor section of an advanced microcontroller. Simplicity has its advantages here. Having mastered the fundamental operation of a microcontroller, you can easily enter into the realms of advanced softcores later.Having placed assembly code as the executive programming language in the foreground in the first part of the book, the author reaches a deeper level with ‘C’ in the second part. Cheerfully alongside the official subject matter, the book presents tips & tricks, interesting measurement technology, practical aspects of microcontroller programming, as well as hands-on options for easier working, debugging and faultfinding.

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In this book the author presents all essential aspects of microcontroller programming, without overloading the reader with unnecessary or quasi-relevant bits of information. Having read the book, you should be able to understand as well as program, 8-bit microcontrollers. The introduction to microcontroller programming is worked out using microcontrollers from the PIC series. Not exactly state-of-the-art with just 8 bits, the PIC micro has the advantage of being easy to comprehend. It is offered in a DIP enclosure, widely available and not overly complex. The entire datasheet of the PIC micro is shorter by decades than the description of the architecture outlining the processor section of an advanced microcontroller. Simplicity has its advantages here. Having mastered the fundamental operation of a microcontroller, you can easily enter into the realms of advanced softcores later. Having placed assembly code as the executive programming language in the foreground in the first part of the book, the author reaches a deeper level with ‘C’ in the second part. Cheerfully alongside the official subject matter, the book presents tips & tricks, interesting measurement technology, practical aspects of microcontroller programming, as well as hands-on options for easier working, debugging and faultfinding.

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in 10 captivating lessons Using the lessons in this book you learn how to program a microcontroller. You’ll be using JAL, a free but extremely powerful programming language for PIC microcontrollers, which enjoys great popularity in the hobby world. Starting out from scratch virtually, you slowly build up the knowledge. No previous knowledge is needed: anyone can get started with this book. Assuming you have absorbed all lessons – meaning you have actually completed all the exercises – you should be confident to write PIC microcontroller programs, as well as read and understand programs written by other people. JAL commands You learn the function of JAL commands such as include, pin, delay, forever loop, while loop, case, exit loop, repeat until, if then, as well as the use of functions, procedures and timer- and port interrupts. JAL programs You make an LED blink, build a time switch, measure a potentiometer’s wiper position, produce sounds, suppress contact bounce, and control the brightness of an LED. And of course you learn to debug, meaning: how to spot and fix errors in your programs. Hardware You learn to recognize various components including the PIC microcontroller, potentiometer and quartz crystal, and how to wire up a PIC microcontroller and effectively link it to your PC. A breadboard is used for the purpose, allowing you to easily modify the component arrangement for further experimenting. The companion software with this book can be downloaded free of charge, including the JAL programming language. In addition, you may order a kit of parts so you don’t have to go shopping for the required components. Especially for a beginner, this is the easiest way to start with this unique pastime. Having finished this book does not mean you are through with your pastime. You can get your hands dirty again, and if desired use other books packed with fun projects using the JAL programming language. More information may be found at the end of the lessons in the chapter "Done! What’s next?""

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The software simulation of gauges, control-knobs, meters and indicators which behave just like real hardware components on a PC’s screen is known as virtual instrumentation. In this book, the Delphi program is used to create these mimics and PIC based external sensors are connected via a USB/RS232 converter communication link to a PC. Detailed case studies in this Book include a virtual compass displayed on the PC’s screen, a virtual digital storage oscilloscope, virtual -50 to +125 degree C thermometer, and FFT sound analyser, a joystick mouse and many examples detailing virtual instrumentation Delphi components. Arizona’s embedded microcontrollers – the PIC's are used in the projects and include PIC16F84A, PIC16C71, DSPIC30F6012A, PIC16F877, PIC12F629 and the PIC16F887. Much use is made of Microchip’s 44 pin development board (a virtual instrument ‘engine)’, equipped with a PIC16F887 with an onboard potentiometer in conjunction with the PIC’s ADC to simulate the generation of a variable voltage from a sensor/transducer, a UART to enable PC RS232 communications and a bank of 8 LED's to monitor received data is also equipped with an ISP connector to which the ‘PICKIT 2’ programmer may easily be connected. Full source code examples are provided both for several different PIC’s, both in assembler and C, together with the Pascal code for the Delphi programs which use different 3rd party Delphi virtual components.

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This book contains 50 fun and exciting projects for PIC microcontrollers such as a laser alarm, USB teasing mouse, eggtimer, youth repellent, soundswitch, capacitive liquid level gauge, 'finger in the water' sensor, guarding a room using a camera, mains light dimmer (110-240 volts), talking microcontroller and much more. Several different techniques are discussed such as relay, alternating current control including mains, I²C, SPI, RS232, USB, pulse width modulation, rotary encoder, interrupts, infrared, analog-digital conversion (and the other way around), 7-segment display and even CAN bus. You can use this book to build the projects for your own use. The clear explanations, schematics and even pictures of each project make this a fun activity. For each project the theory is discussed and why the project has been executed in that particular way. That means you can also use this book as a studybook, or as basis for larger and more complicated projects. All projects use a breadboard so modification and expansion is easy. Three PIC microcontrollers are used, the 16f877A, 18f4455 and 18f4685. It is also discussed how you can migrate your project from one microcontroller to another – 15 types are supported - including two example projects. All software that is used in this book can be downloaded for free. That also applies to the open source programming language JAL. This powerful and yet easy to learn language is used by hobbyists as well as professionals. This book can also be used as a reference guide. It explains all JAL commands, as well as the expansion libraries. Using the index you can easily find example projects that illustrate the use of these commands. Even when you have built all projects in this book you will still want to keep it within arm's reach.

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The newcomer to Microchip’s PIC microcontrollers invariably gets an LED to flash as their first attempt to master this technology. You can use just a simple LED indicator in order to show that your initial attempt is working, which will give you confidence to move forward. This is how the book begins — simple programs to flash LEDs, and eventually by stages to use other display indicators such as the 7-segment display, alphanumeric liquid crystal displays and eventually a colour graphic LCD. As the reader progresses through the book, bigger and upgraded PIC chips are introduced, with full circuit diagrams and source code, both in assembler and C. In addition, a small tutorial is included using the MPLAB programming environment, together with the EAGLE schematic and PCB design package to enable readers to create their own designs using the book’s many case studies as working examples to work from.

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Specifications RP2040 microcontroller chip designed by Raspberry Pi in the UK Dual-core ARM Cortex M0+ processor, with a flexible clock running up to 133 MHz 264 kB SRAM, and 2 MB on-board Flash memory Castellated module allows soldering directly to carrier boards USB 1.1 host and device support Energy-efficient sleep and dormant modes Drag and drop programming using mass storage via USB 26x multifunction GPIO pins 2x SPI, 2x I²C, 2x UART, 3x 12-bit ADC, 16x controllable PWM channels On-chip accurate clock and timer Temperature sensor On-chip accelerated floating point libraries 8x programmable IO (PIO) state machines for custom peripherals Why a Raspberry Pi Pico? Designing your own microcontroller instead of buying an existing one brings a number of advantages. According to Raspberry Pi itself, not one of the existing products available for this comes close to their price/performance ratio. This Raspberry Pi Pico has also given Raspberry Pi the ability to add some innovative and powerful features of their own. These features are not available anywhere else. A third reason is that the Raspberry Pi Pico has given Raspberry Pi the ability to create powerful software around the product. Surrounding this software stack is an extensive documentation set. The software and documentation meet the high standard of Raspberry Pi's core products (such as the Raspberry Pi 400, Pi 4 Model B and Pi 3 Model A+). Who is this microcontroller for? The Raspberry Pi Pico is suitable for both advanced and novice users. From controlling a display to controlling many different devices that you use every day. Automating everyday operations is made possible by this technology. Beginner users The Raspberry Pi Pico is programmable in the C and MicroPython languages and is customizable for a wide range of devices. In addition, the Pico is as easy to use as dragging and dropping files. This makes this microcontroller ideally suited for the novice user. Advanced users For advanced users, it is possible to take advantage of the Pico's extensive peripherals. The peripherals include the SPI, I²C, and eight programmable I/O (PIO)-state machines. What makes the Raspberry Pi Pico unique? What's unique about the Pico is that it was developed by Raspberry Pi itself. The RP2040 features a dual-core Arm Cortex-M0+ processor with 264 KB of internal RAM and support for up to 16 MB of off-chip Flash. The Raspberry Pi Pico is unique for several reasons: The product has the highest price/quality ratio in the microcontroller board market. The Raspberry Pi Pico has been developed by Raspberry Pi itself. The software stack surrounding this product is of high quality and comes paired with a comprehensive documentation set.

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The ESP32-PICO-Kit fits into a mini breadboard. It is fully functional with the minimum number of discrete components, while it has all the ESP32 pins exposed. Features Complete up-to-date documentation is available. All instructions and commands presented work as described. Plentiful additional information and hardware documentation are available too. Applications for the ESP32-PICO-KIT can be developed on Windows, Linux or Mac. Two cores and a radio Like the ESP8266 the ESP32 has Wi-Fi but adds Bluetooth. It also has two 32-bit cores inside, making it extremely powerful, and providing all the ports and interfaces that the ESP8266 is lacking.Oversimplifying things, one might say that the ESP8266 is a Wi-Fi controller that provides some I/O, whereas the ESP32 is a full-fledged controller that also has Wi-Fi. ESP32 peripherals The ESP32 exposes an ADC & DAC, touch sensor circuitry, an SD/SDIO/MMC host controller, an SDIO/SPI slave controller, an EMAC, PWM to control LEDs and motors, UART, SPI, I²C, I²S, infrared remote controller, and, of course, GPIO. ESP32-PICO-KIT Development board The ESP32-PICO-D4 is a System-on-Chip (SoC) integrating an ESP32 chip together with a 4 MB SPI flash memory in a tiny 7 x 7 mm package. The ESP32-PICO-KIT is a breakout board for this SoC with an onboard USB-to-serial converter for easy programming and debugging. Besides the board, you'll need a programming toolchain. Complete, up-to-date documentation from Espressif is available on the Read the Docs website. All instructions and commands presented work as described.Plentiful additional information and hardware documentation are available too. Applications for the ESP32-PICO-KIT can be developed on Windows, Linux or Mac.

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The DiP-Pi PIoT is an Advanced Powered, WiFi connectivity System with sensors embedded interfaces that cover most of possible needs for IoT application based on Raspberry Pi Pico. It can supply the system with up to 1.5 A @ 4.8 V delivered from 6-18 VDC on various powering schemes like Cars, Industrial plant etc., additionally to original micro-USB of the Raspberry Pi Pico. It supports LiPo or Li-Ion Battery with Automatic Charger as also automatic switching from cable powering to battery powering or reverse (UPS functionality) when cable powering lost. Extended Powering Source (EPR) is protected with PPTC Resettable fuse, Reverse Polarity, as also ESD. The DiP-Pi PIoT contains Raspberry Pi Pico embedded RESET button as also ON/OFF Slide Switch that is acting on all powering sources (USB, EPR or Battery). User can monitor (via Raspberry Pi Pico A/D pins) battery level and EPR Level with PICO’s A/D converters. Both A/D inputs are bridged with 0402 resistors (0 OHM) therefore if for any reason user needs to use those Pico pins for their own application can be easy removed. The charger is automatically charging connected battery (if used) but in addition user can switch charger ON/OFF if their application needs it. DiP-Pi PIoT can be used for cable powered IoT systems, but also for pure Battery Powered System with ON/OFF. Each powering source status is indicated by separate informative LEDs (VBUS, VSYS, VEPR, CHGR, V3V3). User can use any capacity of LiPo or Li-Ion type; however, must take care to use PCB protected batteries with max discharge current allowed of 2 A. The embedded battery charger is set to charge battery with 240 mA current. This current is set by resistor so if user need more/less can himself to change it. The DiP-Pi PIoT is also equipped with WiFi ESP8266 Clone module with embedded antenna. This feature open a wide range of IoT applications based on it. In Addition to all above features DiP-Pi PIoT is equipped with embedded 1-wire, DHT11/22 sensors, and micro–SD Card interfaces. Combination of the extended powering, battery, and sensors interfaces make the DiP-Pi PIoT ideal for IoT applications like data logger, plants monitoring, refrigerators monitoring etc. DiP-Pi PIoT is supported with plenty of ready to use examples written in Micro Python or C/C++. Specifications General Dimensions 21 x 51 mm Raspberry Pi Pico pinout compatible Independent Informative LEDs (VBUS, VSYS, VEPR, CHGR, V3V3) Raspberry Pi Pico RESET Button ON/OFF Slide Switch acting on all powering sources (USB, EPR, Battery) External Powering 6-18 VDC (Cars, Industrial Applications etc.) External Power (6-18 VDC) Level Monitoring Battery Level Monitoring Inverse Polarity Protection PPTC Fuse Protection ESD Protection Automatic Battery Charger (for PCB protected LiPo, Li-Ion – 2 A Max) Automatic/User Control Automatic Switch from Cable Powering to Battery Powering and reverse (UPS Functionality) Various powering schemes can be used at the same time with USB Powering, External Powering and Battery Powering 1.5 A @ 4.8 V Buck Converter on EPR Embedded 3.3 V @ 600 mA LDO ESP8266 Clone WiFi Connectivity ESP8266 Firmware Upload Switch Embedded 1-wire Interface Embedded DHT-11/22 Interface Powering Options Raspberry Pi Pico micro-USB (via VBUS) External Powering 6-18 V (via dedicated Socket – 3.4/1.3 mm) External Battery Supported Battery Types LiPo with protection PCB max current 2A Li-Ion with protection PCB max current 2A Embedded Peripherals and Interfaces Embedded 1-wire interface Embedded DHT-11/22 Interface Micro SD Card Socket Programmer Interface Standard Raspberry Pi Pico C/C++ Standard Raspberry Pi Pico Micro Python Case Compatibility DiP-Pi Plexi-Cut Case System Monitoring Battery Level via Raspberry Pi Pico ADC0 (GP26) EPR Level via Raspberry Pi Pico ADC1 (GP27) Informative LEDs VB (VUSB) VS (VSYS) VE (VEPR) CH (VCHR) V3 (V3V3) System Protection Direct Raspberry Pi Pico Hardware Reset Button ESD Protection on EPR Reverse Polarity Protection on EPR PPTC 500 mA @ 18 V fuse on EPR EPR/LDO Over Temperature protection EPR/LDO Over Current protection System Design Designed and Simulated with PDA Analyzer with one of the most advanced CAD/CAM Tools – Altium Designer Industrial Originated PCB Construction 2 ozcopper PCB manufactured for proper high current supply and cooling 6 mils track/6 mils gap technology 2 layers PCB PCB Surface Finishing – Immersion Gold Multi-layer Copper Thermal Pipes for increased System Thermal Response and better passive cooling Downloads Datasheet Manual

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The DiP-Pi Power Master is an Advanced Powering System with embedded sensors interfaces that cover most of possible needs for application based on Raspberry Pi Pico. It can supply the system with up to 1.5 A @ 4.8 V delivered from 6-18 VDC on various powering schemes like Cars, Industrial plant etc., additionally to original micro-USB of the Raspberry Pi Pico. It supports LiPo or Li-Ion Battery with Automatic Charger as also automatic switching from cable powering to battery powering or reverse (UPS functionality) when cable powering lost. Extended Powering Source (EPR) is protected with PPTC Resettable fuse, Reverse Polarity, as also ESD. The DiP-Pi Power Master contains Raspberry Pi Pico embedded RESET button as also ON/OFF Slide Switch that is acting on all powering sources (USB, EPR or Battery). User can monitor (via Raspberry Pi Pico A/D pins) battery level and EPR Level with PICO’s A/D converters. Both A/D inputs are bridged with 0402 resistors (0 OHM) therefore if for any reason user needs to use those Pico pins for their own application can be easy removed. The charger is automatically charging connected battery (if used) but in addition user can switch charger ON/OFF if their application needs it. DiP-Pi Power Master can be used for cable powered systems, but also for pure Battery Powered System with ON/OFF. Each powering source status is indicated by separate informative LEDs (VBUS, VSYS, VEPR, CHGR, V3V3). User can use any capacity of LiPo or Li-Ion type; however, must take care to use PCB protected batteries with max discharge current allowed of 2 A. The embedded battery charger is set to charge battery with 240 mA current. This current is set by resistor so if user need more/less can himself to change it. In Addition to all above features DiP-Pi Power Master is equipped with embedded 1-wire and DHT11/22 sensors interfaces. Combination of the extended powering, battery, and sensors interfaces make the DiP-Pi Power Master ideal for applications like data logger, plants monitoring, refrigerators monitoring etc. DiP-Pi Power Master is supported with plenty of ready to use examples written in Micro Python or C/C++. Specifications General Dimensions 21 x 51 mm Raspberry Pi Pico pinout compatible Independent Informative LEDs (VBUS, VSYS, VEPR, CHGR, V3V3) Raspberry Pi Pico RESET Button ON/OFF Slide Switch acting on all powering sources (USB, EPR, Battery) External Powering 6-18 V DC (Cars, Industrial Applications etc.) External Power (6-18 VDC) Level Monitoring Battery Level Monitoring Inverse Polarity Protection PPTC Fuse Protection ESD Protection Automatic Battery Charger (for PCB protected LiPo, Li-Ion – 2 A Max) Automatic/User Control Automatic Switch from Cable Powering to Battery Powering and reverse (UPS Functionality) Various powering schemes can be used at the same time with USB Powering, External Powering and Battery Powering 1.5 A @ 4.8 V Buck Converter on EPR Embedded 3.3 V @ 600mA LDO Embedded 1-wire Interface Embedded DHT-11/22 Interface Powering Options Raspberry Pi Pico micro-USB (via VBUS) External Powering 6-18 V (via dedicated Socket – 3.4/1.3 mm) External Battery Supported Battery Types LiPo with protection PCB max current 2A Li-Ion with protection PCB max current 2A Embedded Peripherals and Interfaces Embedded 1-wire interface Embedded DHT-11/22 Interface Programmer Interface Standard Raspberry Pi Pico C/C++ Standard Raspberry Pi Pico Micro Python Case Compatibility DiP-Pi Plexi-Cut Case System Monitoring Battery Level via Raspberry Pi Pico ADC0 (GP26) EPR Level via Raspberry Pi Pico ADC1 (GP27) Informative LEDs VB (VUSB) VS (VSYS) VE (VEPR) CH (VCHR) V3 (V3V3) System Protection Direct Raspberry Pi Pico Hardware Reset Button ESD Protection on EPR Reverse Polarity Protection on EPR PPTC 500 mA @ 18 V fuse on EPR EPR/LDO Over Temperature protection EPR/LDO Over Current protection System Design Designed and Simulated with PDA Analyzer with one of the most advanced CAD/CAM Tools – Altium Designer Industrial Originated PCB Construction 2 ozcopper PCB manufactured for proper high current supply and cooling 6 mils track/6 mils gap technology 2 layers PCB PCB Surface Finishing – Immersion Gold Multi-layer Copper Thermal Pipes for increased System Thermal Response and better passive cooling Downloads Datasheet Datasheet

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The DiP-Pi WiFi Master is an Advanced WiFi connectivity System with sensors embedded interfaces that cover most of possible needs for IoT application based on Raspberry Pi Pico. It is powered directly from the Raspberry Pi Pico VBUS. The DiP-Pi WiFi Master contains Raspberry Pi Pico embedded RESET button as also ON/OFF Slide Switch that is acting on Raspberry Pi Pico Power Sources. The DiP-Pi WiFi Master is equipped with WiFi ESP8266 Clone module with embedded antenna. This feature open a wide range of IoT applications based on it. In Addition to all above features DiP-Pi WiFi Master is equipped with embedded 1-wire, DHT11/22 sensors, and micro–SD Card interfaces. Combination of the extended powering, battery, and sensors interfaces make the DiP-Pi WiFi Master ideal for IoT applications like data logger, plants monitoring, refrigerators monitoring etc. DiP-Pi WiFi Master is supported with plenty of ready to use examples written in Micro Python or C/C++. Specifications General Dimensions 21 x 51 mm Raspberry Pi Pico pinout compatible Independent Informative LEDs (VBUS, VSYS, V3V3) Raspberry Pi Pico RESET Button ON/OFF Slide Switch acting on Raspberry Pi Pico Powering Source Embedded 3.3 V @ 600 mA LDO ESP8266 Clone WiFi Connectivity ESP8266 Firmware Upload Switch Embedded 1-wire Interface Embedded DHT-11/22 Interface Powering Options Raspberry Pi Pico micro-USB (via VBUS) Embedded Peripherals and Interfaces Embedded 1-wire interface Embedded DHT-11/22 Interface Micro SD Card Socket Programmer Interface Standard Raspberry Pi Pico C/C++ Standard Raspberry Pi Pico Micro Python Case Compatibility DiP-Pi Plexi-Cut Case Informative LEDs VB (VUSB) VS (VSYS) V3 (V3V3) System Protection Direct Raspberry Pi Pico Hardware Reset Button PPTC 500 mA @ 18 V fuse on EPR EPR/LDO Over Temperature protection EPR/LDO Over Current protection System Design Designed and Simulated with PDA Analyzer with one of the most advanced CAD/CAM Tools – Altium Designer Industrial Originated PCB Construction 2 ozcopper PCB manufactured for proper high current supply and cooling 6 mils track/6 mils gap technology 2 layers PCB PCB Surface Finishing – Immersion Gold Multi-layer Copper Thermal Pipes for increased System Thermal Response and better passive cooling Downloads Datasheet Manual

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Raspberry Pi Pico WH is a microcontroller board based on the Raspberry Pi RP2040 microcontroller chip. The RP2040 microcontroller chip ('Raspberry Silicon') offers a dual-core ARM Cortex-M0+ processor (133 MHz), 256 KB RAM, 30 GPIO pins, and many other interface options. In addition, there is 2 MB of on-board QSPI flash memory for code and data storage. Raspberry Pi Pico WH has been designed to be a low cost yet flexible development platform for RP2040 with a 2.4 GHz wireless interface using an Infineon CYW43439. The wireless interface is connected via SPI to the RP2040. Features of Pico WH RP2040 microcontroller with 2 MB of flash memory On-board single-band 2.4 GHz wireless interfaces (802.11n) Micro USB B port for power and data (and for reprogramming the flash) 40 pin 21 x 51 mm 'DIP' style 1 mm thick PCB with 0.1' through-hole pins also with edge castellations Exposes 26 multi-function 3.3 V general purpose I/O (GPIO) 23 GPIO are digital-only, with three also being ADC capable Can be surface mounted as a module 3-pin ARM serial wire debug (SWD) port Simple yet highly flexible power supply architecture Various options for easily powering the unit from micro USB, external supplies or batteries High quality, low cost, high availability Comprehensive SDK, software examples and documentation Pre-populated headers and 3-pin debug connector Features of the RP2040 microcontroller Dual-core cortex M0+ at up to 133 MHz On-chip PLL allows variable core frequency 264 kByte multi-bank high performance SRAM External Quad-SPI Flash with eXecute In Place (XIP) and 16 kByte on-chip cache High performance full-crossbar bus fabric On-board USB1.1 (device or host) 30 multi-function general purpose I/O (four can be used for ADC) 1.8-3.3 V I/O voltage 12-bit 500 ksps analogue to digital converter (ADC) Various digital peripherals 2x UART, 2x I²C, 2x SPI, 16x PWM channels 1x timer with 4 alarms, 1x real time clock 2x programmable I/O (PIO) blocks, 8 state machines in total Flexible, user-programmable high-speed I/O Can emulate interfaces such as SD card and VGA Note: Raspberry Pi Pico W I/O voltage is fixed at 3.3 V. Downloads Datasheet Specifications of 3-pin Debug Connector

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