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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new concept in intelligent automation and intelligent monitoring using the Internet as the communications medium. The “Things” in IoT usually refer to devices that have unique identifiers and are connected to the Internet to exchange information with each other. Such devices usually have sensors and/or actuators that can be used to collect data about their environments and to monitor and control their environments. The collected data can be processed locally or it can be sent to centralized servers or to the cloud for remote storage and processing. For example, a small device at the size of a matchbox can be used to collect data about the temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure. This data can be sent and stored in the cloud. Anyone with a mobile device can then access and monitor this data at any time and from anywhere on Earth provided there is Internet connectivity. In addition, users can for example, adjust the central heating remotely using their mobile devices and accessing the cloud. This book is written for students, for practising engineers and for hobbyists who want to learn more about the building blocks of an IoT system and also learn how to setup an IoT system using these blocks. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the IoT systems. In Chapter 2, the basic concepts and possible IoT architectures are discussed. The important parts of any IoT system are the sensors and actuators and they are described briefly in Chapter 3. The devices in an IoT system usually communicate with each other and the important aspect of IoT communication is covered in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 proceeds with the features of some of the commonly used development kits. One of these, the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ manufactured by mikroElektronika, can be used as a processor in IoT systems and its features are described in detail in Chapter 6. A popular microcontroller C language, mikroC Pro for PIC gets introduced in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 covers the use of a click board with the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ development kit. Similarly, the use of a sensor click board is described as a project in Chapter 9, and an actuator board in Chapter 10. Chapters 11 and 12 cover Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies in microcontroller based systems, and the remaining chapters of the book demo the creation of a simple Wi-Fi based IoT system with cloud-based data storage. This book has been written with the assumption that the reader has taken a course on digital logic design and has been exposed to writing programs using at least one high-level programming language. Knowledge of the C programming language will be very useful. Also, familiarity with at least one member of the PIC series of microcontrollers (e.g. PIC16 or PIC18) will be an advantage. The knowledge of assembly language programming is not required because all the projects in the book are based on using the C language. If you are a total beginner in programming you can still access the e-book, but first you are advised to study introductory books on microcontrollers.

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Learn how to use the ESP32 Microcontroller and MicroPython programming in your future projects! The project book, written by well-known Elektor author Dogan Ibrahim, holds many software- and hardware-based projects especially developed for the MakePython ESP32 Development Kit. The kit comes with several LEDs, sensors, and actuators. The kit will help you acquire the basic knowledge to create IoT projects. The book’s fully evaluated projects feature all the supplied components. Each project includes a block diagram, a circuit diagram, a full program listing, and a complete program description. Included in the kit 1x MakePython ESP32 development board with LCD 1x Ultrasonic ranging module 1x Temperature and humidity sensor 1x Buzzer module 1x DS18B20 module 1x Infrared module 1x Potentiometer 1x WS2812 module 1x Sound sensor 1x Vibration sensor 1x Photosensitive resistance module 1x Pulse sensor 1x Servo motor 1x USB cable 2x Button 2x Breadboard 45x Jumper wire 10x Resistor 330R 10x LED (Red) 10x LED (Green) 1x Project book (206 pages) 46 Projects in the Book LED Projects Blinking LED Flashing SOS Blinking LED – using a timer Alternately flashing LEDs Button control Changing the LED flashing rate using pushbutton interrupts Chasing-LEDs Binary-counting LEDs Christmas lights (random-flashing 8 LEDs) Electronic dice Lucky day of the week Pulsewidth Modulation (PWM) Projects Generate a 1000-Hz PWM waveform with 50% duty cycle LED brightness control Measuring the frequency and duty cycle of a PWM waveform Melody maker Simple electronic organ Servo motor control Servo motor DS18B20 thermometer Analog To Digital Converter (ADC) Projects Voltmeter Plotting the analog input voltage ESP32 internal temperature sensor Ohmmeter Photosensitive resistance module Digital To Analog Converter (DAC) Projects Generating fixed voltages Generating a sawtooth-wave signal Generating a triangular-wave signal Arbitrary periodic waveform Generating a sinewave signal Generating accurate sinewave signal using timer interrupts Using The OLED Display Seconds counter Event counter DS18B20 OLED based digital thermometer ON-OFF temperature controller Measuring the temperature and humidity Ultrasonic distance measurement Height of a person (stadiometer) Heart rate (pulse) measurement Other Sensors Supplied with the Kit Theft alarm Sound-activated light Infrared obstacle avoidance with buzzer WS2812 RGB LED ring Timestamping temperature and humidity readings Network Programming Wi-Fi scanner Remote control from the Internet browser (using a smartphone or PC) – Web Server Storing temperature and humidity data in the Cloud Low-Power Operation Using a timer to wake up the processor

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Relio v1.0 - Presence Detection and Remote ControlA Matter-Enabled Smart Controller for AC Appliances Designing Better PCBsA Practical Guide for Professionals and Makers KiCad 9Top New and Updated Features Precision Picoammeter (1)With Curve Tracer Functionality Down to the pA range! Christmas Star 2025A Star Is Soldered 100 mV Continuity Tester Who’s Pushing the Boundaries of European Electronics?Companies to Watch productronica 2025: What’s New in Electronics Development and Production Automation to Tackle Reshoring Manufacturing, Tariffs and Labour Shortages Beyond Future ProofCircularity in Electronics Passive ComponentsLow-Loss Inductors Enabling High-Efficiency DC/DC Converters How Desktop Manufacturing Machines Are Democratizing PCB Production Starting Out in Electronics...Needs Power UHD Displays Driven with EaseYour Guide to Easily Put Various TFT-LCDs Into Operation Quickly Soldering in 2025Practical Soldering Tips Straight from the Workbench SimulIDEAn All-in-One Tool for Circuit Prototyping 2025: An AI OdysseyFrom Autocomplete to Colleague Wordy Christmas TreeA Festive Electronics Project with a Linguistic Twist Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Analog Pipeline DistortionA Cool Audio Effect For Guitars and Other Instruments ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 3)Stereo Transmission and Dual Radio

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PIO Programming on the Raspberry Pi PicoNine Instructions, Many Possibilities Breaking AI Out of the BrowserUsing AI CLIs to Code, Compile, and Validate Embedded Projects The Scrutiny DebuggerDebug, Visualize, and Test Embedded C/C++ Code Sigfox Breakout Board (1)A Self-Built Radio BoB Low-Noise Power Supply (2)Construction, Assembly, and Practical Implementation Simple Signal Generator Using the RP2040Analog and Digital Signals for Around €10 Navigating the Future of Smart Homes with Matter and Edge AIAre Matter’s Latest Updates and the Rise of Edge AI Finally Giving Engineers the Tools to Build the Intelligent, Seamless Smart Homes Users Have Been Promised? Differential Pressure SensorsPredictive Maintenance in HVAC-Systems Security by DesignEngineering Fundamentals Limit Failure Embedded Security Is No Longer Optional CRA and PQC Are Rewriting Embedded Security PrioritiesWhy Even Small IoT and Industrial Firms Need an Upgrade Plan embedded world 2026An Interview With Benedikt Weyerer, Executive Director of embedded world Hands on with I3CUsing Hardware from ST and Microchip The BLEnky ProjectRapid Prototyping of Bluetooth Low Energy Applications Pulse Width ModulationFrom a Simple On/Off Thermostat to a Smoothed DC Analog Signal AudiotronicsEar-Pleasing Electronics for DIY Construction From Life’s ExperienceRead The F...ing Manual! ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 4)Tuning the Clocks - And a Wired Option 2026: An AI OdysseyThe 2025 Vibe-Coding Hangover Symmetrical DC LoadDC Load, Static or Dynamic, and Symmetrical Counting Faces with MaixCAMAn Easy Way to Capture Audience Sizes

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 2)Wireless Audio Transmission Inductive AM TransmitterUses Pico’s PIO in an Arduino Sketch Navigating Wireless ProtocolsA Technical Guide Satellite Tracking Using LoRaThe TinyGS Network Bringing Space Data to Earth 4G-Compatible SMS Remote ControlRemotely Control Your Equipment High-Speed ProbeHigh-Impedance Inputs for Signals up to 200 MHz From Life’s ExperienceKafka KrakenSDR Performance Tests with the RP2350Is an Upgrade from Raspberry Pi Pico 1 to Pico 2 Worthwhile? Contact-Free E-Field Measurements (2)A Laser Vibrometer for Assessing the Membrane's Vibrations Crystals and OscillatorsImproving Crystal Accuracy Through Capacitor Selection Starting Out in ElectronicsSpecial Audio ICs Getting Started with Coding a DIY Project SPECTRAN® V6 MobileModular, Configurable Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer for Reliable Measurements Across All Frequency Ranges The Future of AI Is Forged in SiliconAn Interview with Anastasiia Nosova Autonomous Sensor Node v2.0 (System Architecture)Solar-Powered Sensing Platform with Integrated GPS, LoRaWAN, and More Precise PositioningBluetooth Channel Sounding Tested Powering the Future of Wireless CommunicationBTRY’s Ultra-Thin Solid-State Batteries Test-Driven Development in Firmware Writing Phone-Controlled Model CarWi-Fi + ESP32 + Smartphone = Remote Control 2025: An AI OdysseyAI Reasoning Models: The Chain-of-Thought Revolution Solar Charge Controller with MPP Tracking (3)Software and Commissioning Raspberry Pi Zero Web Streaming CameraUsing the ZeroTier VPN

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. OBD2 Sensor DashboardOld Dials Sparked a Quest for Real Data OBD2: Add a Rev Counter and Gear Shift Indicator to Your CarRetro, but Super Useful LiDAR and Vision Sensors for Robotics Sensor+Test 2025 and PCIM 2025 Contact-Free E-Field Measurements (1)A Vibrating Membrane for Assessing DC Voltages or Static Electric Fields Wireless Mailbox NotifierFrom Optical Sensors to Radar, Exploring a Few Options Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot Solar CellsPeculiar Parts, the Series Getting Started With a Modern Radar SensorIs an Accurate Measurement on Your Radar? From Life’s ExperiencePaper Factory CybersecurityTough Times for Hackers Siglent Presents Next-Gen Multi-Channel OscilloscopesHigh-Performance Solutions for Modern Power and Embedded Systems Bluetooth 6.0 Brings Enhanced Distance-Ranging ApplicationsNew Version Offers Improved Device Positioning and Location Services Exploring Wireless Communication with BeagleY-AI Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Starting Out in Electronics……Concludes the Topic on Opamps A Powerful AI Code AssistantSpeed Up Your Development with Continue and Visual Studio Code Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (2)The Circuit Ultrasonic Obstacle DetectorA Simple Project to Help Those with Impaired Vision 2025: An AI OdysseyMid-Year Review Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (3)Making It Smarter and Adding a User Interface Meshtastic: A Demo ProjectAn Intelligent Mesh of LoRa Radios Analog Audio Frequency GeneratorHigh-Quality Adjustable Frequency Sine Wave Generator

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Computer vision is probably the most exciting branch of image processing, and the number of applications in robotics, automation technology and quality control is constantly increasing. Unfortunately entering this research area is, as yet, not simple. Those who are interested must first go through a lot of books, publications and software libraries. With this book, however, the first step is easy. The theoretically founded content is understandable and is supplemented by many practical examples. Source code is provided with the specially developed platform-independent open source library IVT in the programming language C/C++. The use of the IVT is not necessary, but it does make for a much easier entry and allows first developments to be quickly produced. The authorship is made up of research assistants of the chair of Professor Ruediger Dillmann at the Institut für Technische Informatik (ITEC), Universitaet Karlsruhe (TH). Having gained extensive experience in image processing in many research and industrial projects, they are now passing this knowledge on. Among other subjects, the following are dealt with in the fundamentals section of the book: Lighting, optics, camera technology, transfer standards, camera calibration, image enhancement, segmentation, filters, correlation and stereo vision. The practical section provides the efficient implementation of the algorithms, followed by many interesting applications such as interior surveillance, bar code scanning, object recognition, 3-D scanning, 3-D tracking, a stereo camera system and much more.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. The RISC-V Open-Source Processor Architecture16 Boards and MCUs You Should Know An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (1)Mixing Digital Audio with an Arduino MKR Vidor 4000 Laser Head for Pico-Based Sand ClockDrawing with Light Enter the STM32 Edge AI Contest A Multi-Sensor Environmental Monitoring System for PlantsWireless Measurement of Water Supply and Light Conditions Maixduino AI-Powered Automatic DoormanFace Detection with a Camera Embedded Electronics 2024AI Is Set to Redefine the Industry Charge-Based In-Memory Compute at EnCharge AI AI Inferencing at 10 Times Lower Power and 20 Fold Lower Cost Click Board Helps Develop and Train ML Models for Vibration Analysis The Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot Kit MCU, I See YouMCUViewer Open-Source Multiplatform Debugging Tool USB 2.0 IsolatorElectrically Isolated Connections for USB Devices Intervention Before DamagePredictive Maintenance in Practice SPoE – Electromagnetic CompatibilitySingle-Pair with Power-Over-Ethernet Through the Eyes of EMC Color TV: A Wonder of Its TimeCreating a New World ECG Graph MonitoringAn Implementation with Hexabitz Modules and an STM32CubeMonitor The Battle for AI at the Edge HaLow Hits Record 16-km Wi-Fi Distance at 900 MHz First CHERI RISC-V Embedded Chip and Early Access Programme Third-Generation Wildfire Detection Uses Satellite Links From Life’s ExperienceChoice Overload Starting Out in Electronics……Continues Filtering and Controls Tone Quasi-Analog ClockworkA Remake of an Elektor Classic A Modular Approach to Sensor TestingThe ESP32-S3-Based Sensor Evaluation Board 2025: An AI OdysseyThe Rise of Foundation Models and Their Role in Democratizing AI Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (1)Preparing a Platform for Some Edge AI Experiments Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Universal AI RISC-V Processor Does It All — CPU, GPU, DSP, FPGA CEO Interview: Ventiva’s Thin and Cool Tech Dual-Core Programming with a Raspberry Pi PicoVenture Into the World of Parallel Programming

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This 233-page e-book is packed with Arduino ideas, explanations, tips, diagrams, programs, PCB layouts, and more – enough to provide days of informative, inspiring, and stimulating reading pleasure! The PDF document includes a table of contents with links to the individual projects, allowing you to easily navigate to the sections you’re most interested in. This way, you can quickly and effortlessly switch between projects and find exactly what you’re looking for.

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311 Circuits is the twelfth book in Elektor’s celebrated ‘300’ series. An immense source of inspiration for all electronics enthusiasts and professionals, this book deserves a place not far from the workbench. This book contains circuits, design ideas, tips and tricks from all areas of electronics: audio & video, computers & microcontrollers, radio, hobby & modelling, home & garden, power supplies & batteries, test & measurement, software, not forgetting a section ‘miscellaneous’ for everything that doesn’t fit in one of the other categories. 311 Circuits presents complete solutions for numerous problems, as well as starting points for your own creations. 311 Circuits has been compiled from the 2009, 2010 and 2011 ‘Summer Circuits’ double editions of Elektor magazine. The book is mostly based on readers’ contributions, supplemented by circuits engineered and developed in the Elektor Labs.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PbMonitor v1.0A Battery-Monitoring System for UPS and Energy Storage Applications Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (1)Basic Principles of a Solar Controller for Stand-Alone Systems B-Field Integration Magnetometer With Home-Made Sensors Precise or Accurate?Your Instruments Need to Be Both! AD7124 A Precision ADC in PracticeFeatures for Sensor Signal Conditioning PID Control ToolOptimize Your Parameters Easily embedded world 2025 Starting Out in Electronics……Continues with Tone Control Academy Pro BoxBook + Online Course + Hardware Milliohmmeter AdapterUses the Precision of Your Multimeter The Next Leap in SemiconductorsOnward Toward 1.4 nm Through-Hole Technology ConnectorsThe Best of Two Worlds: THR Frequency CounterPortable and Auto-Calibrating Via GPS Analog MetersPeculiar Parts, the Series Stand-Alone Crystal TesterHow Accurate Is Your Clock Source? Low-Cost I²C TesterConnect I²C Devices Directly to Your PC From Life’s ExperienceWho Doesn’t Honor the Small Things? 2025: An AI OdysseyThe Transformative Impact on Software Development Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (2)Enhancing Our Setup with Intelligence Nortonized Wien Bridge OscillatorSmall Changes Yield Significant Improvements Putting a $0.10 Controller to the TestThe CH32V003 RISC-V Microcontroller and MounRiver Studio in Practice An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (2)Adding Volume Control, Advanced Mixing, and a Web Interface

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Relio v1.0 - Presence Detection and Remote ControlA Matter-Enabled Smart Controller for AC Appliances Designing Better PCBsA Practical Guide for Professionals and Makers KiCad 9Top New and Updated Features Precision Picoammeter (1)With Curve Tracer Functionality Down to the pA range! Christmas Star 2025A Star Is Soldered 100 mV Continuity Tester Who’s Pushing the Boundaries of European Electronics?Companies to Watch productronica 2025: What’s New in Electronics Development and Production Automation to Tackle Reshoring Manufacturing, Tariffs and Labour Shortages Beyond Future ProofCircularity in Electronics Passive ComponentsLow-Loss Inductors Enabling High-Efficiency DC/DC Converters How Desktop Manufacturing Machines Are Democratizing PCB Production Starting Out in Electronics...Needs Power UHD Displays Driven with EaseYour Guide to Easily Put Various TFT-LCDs Into Operation Quickly Soldering in 2025Practical Soldering Tips Straight from the Workbench SimulIDEAn All-in-One Tool for Circuit Prototyping 2025: An AI OdysseyFrom Autocomplete to Colleague Wordy Christmas TreeA Festive Electronics Project with a Linguistic Twist Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters Analog Pipeline DistortionA Cool Audio Effect For Guitars and Other Instruments ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 3)Stereo Transmission and Dual Radio

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