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Electric motors are found in countless electronic appliances and devices in and around our homes. In these devices, motor controllers are used to ensure efficient, safe, and accurate ways to govern the speed or the actuator position of the motor(s) used. Electric motors can be classified as either DC or AC depending on the type of voltage used to control them. DC motors are the oldest type of electric motors and they are widely used by electronics developers both in home labs and in schools and laboratories. Almost all printers, cameras, robots, and CNC machines in consumer, commercial, and industrial applications use some kind of DC motor. AC motors on the other hand are used in many home appliances and tools as they can be powered directly from an AC power outlet. Cytron’s Maker Pi RP2040 Development Board is an advanced system based on the RP2040 processor and developed with motor control applications in mind. The board comes with dual-channel brushed DC motor controller hardware, 4 servo motor ports, and 7 Grove-compatible I/O ports, making it an ideal platform within mobile robotics applications, for robot arm control, or in any other type of application requiring precise control of motors and actuators. The project book, written by well-known Elektor author Dogan Ibrahim, includes over 50 projects using LEDs, a buzzer, an OLED display, an ADC converter, an ultrasonic sensor, PWM, and temperature and humidity control. The main chapters cover DC motor control, servo motor control and stepper motor control using the Maker Pi RP2040 Development Board in creative and educational ways. Included in the bundle Cytron Maker Pi RP2040 Development Board Electronic Parts 1 k-ohm resistors 10 k-ohm resistor 12 k-ohm resistor 470 ohm resistor LED Relay, 3 V/10 A LDR, 10 k-ohm Jumper wires (male-male) Breadboard Sensors TMP36 (temperature) DHT11 (temperature and humidity) Modules 5 V Stepper Motor with ULN2003 Driver HC-SR04 (ultrasonic) SSD1306 (I²C OLED) KY-021 (reed switch) DC motor (brushed, miniature, 3 V, 12 krpm) SG90 (servo motor) Project Book (191 pages) 52 Projects in the Book Simple LED Projects Flashing LED Flashing SOS signal All LEDs ON and OFF Binary counting LEDs Rotating LEDs Randomly flashing LEDs Rotating LEDs with pushbutton control Reaction timer Two-player reaction game Using the on-board NeoPixel LEDs – showing different colors Using the on-board NeoPixel LEDs – flash both NeoPixels randomly Simple Buzzer Projects Playing the middle C tones Using the buzzer as an audible sound indicator Playing a melody – Happy Birthday Frequency sweeping Using OLED Displays Displaying text on OLED Displaying common shapes Seconds counter Drawing bitmaps Using Analog To Digital Converters Voltmeter Temperature measurement ON/OFF temperature controller ON/OFF temperature controller with OLED display Measuring ambient light intensity Ohmmeter Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Generate a 1000 Hz PWM waveform with 50% duty cycle Changing the brightness of an LED Alarm sound on buzzer Electronic organ Ultrasonic Sensor Projects Ultrasonic distance measurement Ultrasonic distance measurement with OLED readout Measuring the level of water in a tank Ultrasonic reverse parking aid with buzzer Temperature and Relative Humidity Temperature and relative humidity measurement Temperature and relative humidity measurement with OLED DC Motor Control Projects DC motor ON/OFF control Two-speed DC motor rev control Varying the motor speed Using two DC motors Changing the motor direction LDR-based motor control Magnetic reed switch based motor control Displaying the speed of a DC motor – using a rotary encoder Displaying the speed of a DC motor on OLED – using a rotary encoder Time response of the motor with the encoder Measuring and displaying the motor speed using interrupts Proportional+Integral+Derivative (PID) motor speed control Servo Motor Control Projects Servo motor control – turn to 0, 90, and 180 degrees positions Using two servo motors – turn to 0, 90, and 180 degrees positions Ultrasonic sonar Stepper Motor Control Projects Basic stepper motor control Thermometer with dial

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Learn programming for Alexa devices, extend it to smart home devices and control the Raspberry Pi The book is split into two parts: the first part covers creating Alexa skills and the second part, designing Internet of Things and Smart Home devices using a Raspberry Pi. The first chapters describe the process of Alexa communication, opening an Amazon account and creating a skill for free. The operation of an Alexa skill and terminology such as utterances, intents, slots, and conversations are explained. Debugging your code, saving user data between sessions, S3 data storage and Dynamo DB database are discussed. In-skill purchasing, enabling users to buy items for your skill as well as certification and publication is outlined. Creating skills using AWS Lambda and ASK CLI is covered, along with the Visual Studio code editor and local debugging. Also covered is the process of designing skills for visual displays and interactive touch designs using Alexa Presentation Language. The second half of the book starts by creating a Raspberry Pi IoT 'thing' to control a robot from your Alexa device. This covers security issues and methods of sending and receiving MQTT messages between an Alexa device and the Raspberry Pi. Creating a smart home device is described including forming a security profile, linking with Amazon, and writing a Lambda function that gets triggered by an Alexa skill. Device discovery and on/off control is demonstrated. Next, readers discover how to control a smart home Raspberry Pi display from an Alexa skill using Simple Queue Service (SQS) messaging to switch the display on and off or change the color. A node-RED design is discussed from the basic user interface right up to configuring MQTT nodes. MQTT messages sent from a user are displayed on a Raspberry Pi. A chapter discusses sending a proactive notification such as a weather alert from a Raspberry Pi to an Alexa device. The book concludes by explaining how to create Raspberry Pi as a stand-alone Alexa device.

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Are you tired of all the different Arduino boards, and having to choose which features you need? Wouldn't it be much simpler to have all the best features on the same board and not have to compromise? That is precisely what the people at SparkFun thought and delivered the fantastic SparkFun RedBoard Programmed with Arduino. Features ATmega328 microcontroller with Optiboot (UNO) Bootloader Input voltage: 7-15 V 0-5 V outputs with 3.3 V compatible inputs 6 Analog Inputs 14 Digital I/O Pins (6 PWM outputs) ISP Header 16 MHz Clock Spee 32 k Flash Memory R3 Shield Compatible All SMD Construction USB Programming Facilitated by the Ubiquitous FTDI FT231X Red PCB The SparkFun RedBoard combines the stability of the FTDI, the simplicity of the Uno's Optiboot bootloader, and the R3 shield compatibility of the Uno R3. RedBoard has the hardware peripherals you are used to: 6 Analog Inputs 14 Digital I/O pins (6 PWM pins) SPI UART External interrupts Downloads Drivers GitHub

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The Motorino board is an extension-board to control and use up to 16 PWM-controlled 5V-Servo-motors. The included clock generator ensures a very precise PWM signal and a very precise positioning. The board has 2 inputs for voltage from 4.8 V to 6 V which can be used for up to 11 A. With this input, a perfect power supply is always guaranteed and even bigger projects are no problem. The supply runs directly over the Motorino which provides a connection for voltage, ground and control. With the build in capacitor, the voltage is buffered which prevents a sudden voltage-drop at a high load. But there is also the possibility to connect another capacitor. The control and the programing can be done, as usual, with the Arduino. Manuals and code examples allows a quick introduction for beginners. Special features 16 Channels, own clock generator Input 1 Coaxial power connector 5.5 / 2.1 mm, 4.8-6 V / 5 A max Input 2 Screw-terminal, 4.8-6 V / 6 A max Communication 16 x PWM Compatible with Arduino Uno, Mega and may more microcontroller with Arduino compatible pinout Dimensions 69 x 24 x 56 mm Scope of supply Board, Manual, Retail package

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This board allows the Raspberry Pi Pico (connected via pin header) to drive two motors simultaneously with full forward, reverse & stop control, making it ideal for Pico controlled buggy projects. Alternatively, the board can be used to power a stepper motor. The board features the DRV8833 motor driver IC, which has built-in short circuit, over current and thermal protection. The board has 4 external connections to GPIO pins and a 3 V and GND supply from the Pico. This allows for additional IO options for your buggy builds that can be read or controlled by the Pico. In addition there is an on/off switch and power status LED, allowing you to see at a glance if the board is powered up and save your batteries when your project is not in use. To use the motor driver board, the Pico should have a soldered pin header and be inserted firmly into the connector. The board produces a regulated supply that is fed into the 40-way connector to power the Pico, removing the need to power the Pico directly. The motor driver board is powered via either screw terminals or a servo style connector. Kitronik has developed a micro-python module and sample code to support the use of the Motor Driver board with the Pico. This code is available in the GitHub repo. Features A compact yet feature-packed board designed to sit at the heart of your Raspberry Pi Pico robot buggy projects. The board can drive 2 motors simultaneously with full forward, reverse, and stop control. It features the DRV8833 motor driver IC, which has built-in short circuit, over current and thermal protection. Additionally, the board features an on/off switch and power status LED. Power the board via a terminal block style connector. The 3V and GND pins are also broken out, allowing external devices to be powered. Code it with MicroPython via an editor such as the Thonny editor. Dimensions: 63 mm (L) x 35 mm (W) x 11.6 mm (H) Download Datasheet

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This book is about DC electric motors and their use in Arduino and Raspberry Pi Zero W based projects. The book includes many tested and working projects where each project has the following sub-headings: Title of the project Description of the project Block diagram Circuit diagram Project assembly Complete program listing of the project Full description of the program The projects in the book cover the standard DC motors, stepper motors, servo motors, and mobile robots. The book is aimed at students, hobbyists, and anyone else interested in developing microcontroller based projects using the Arduino Uno or the Raspberry Pi Zero W. One of the nice features of this book is that it gives complete projects for remote control of a mobile robot from a mobile phone, using the Arduino Uno as well as the Raspberry Pi Zero W development boards. These projects are developed using Wi-Fi as well as the Bluetooth connectivity with the mobile phone. Readers should be able to move a robot forward, reverse, turn left, or turn right by sending simple commands from a mobile phone. Full program listings of all the projects as well as the detailed program descriptions are given in the book. Users should be able to use the projects as they are presented, or modify them to suit to their own needs.

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Learn programming for Alexa devices, extend it to smart home devices and control the Raspberry Pi The book is split into two parts: the first part covers creating Alexa skills and the second part, designing Internet of Things and Smart Home devices using a Raspberry Pi. The first chapters describe the process of Alexa communication, opening an Amazon account and creating a skill for free. The operation of an Alexa skill and terminology such as utterances, intents, slots, and conversations are explained. Debugging your code, saving user data between sessions, S3 data storage and Dynamo DB database are discussed. In-skill purchasing, enabling users to buy items for your skill as well as certification and publication is outlined. Creating skills using AWS Lambda and ASK CLI is covered, along with the Visual Studio code editor and local debugging. Also covered is the process of designing skills for visual displays and interactive touch designs using Alexa Presentation Language. The second half of the book starts by creating a Raspberry Pi IoT 'thing' to control a robot from your Alexa device. This covers security issues and methods of sending and receiving MQTT messages between an Alexa device and the Raspberry Pi. Creating a smart home device is described including forming a security profile, linking with Amazon, and writing a Lambda function that gets triggered by an Alexa skill. Device discovery and on/off control is demonstrated. Next, readers discover how to control a smart home Raspberry Pi display from an Alexa skill using Simple Queue Service (SQS) messaging to switch the display on and off or change the color. A node-RED design is discussed from the basic user interface right up to configuring MQTT nodes. MQTT messages sent from a user are displayed on a Raspberry Pi. A chapter discusses sending a proactive notification such as a weather alert from a Raspberry Pi to an Alexa device. The book concludes by explaining how to create Raspberry Pi as a stand-alone Alexa device.

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The MotoPi is an extension-board to control and use up to 16 PWM-controlled 5 V servo motors. The board can be additional powered by a voltage between 4.8 V and 6 V so a perfect supply is always guaranteed and even larger projects can be powered. With the additional power supply and the integrated Analog-Digital-Converter, new possibilities can be reached. An additional power supply per motor is not required anymore because all connections (Voltage, Ground, Control) are directly connected to the board. The control and the programing can be directly done, as usual, on the Raspberry Pi. Special features 16 Channels, own clock generator, Inkl. Analog Digital Converter Input 1 Coaxial power connector 5.5 / 2.1 mm, 5 V / 6 A max Input 2 Screw terminal, 4.8-6 V / 6 A max Compatible with Raspberry Pi A+, B+, 2B, 3B Dimensions 65 x 56 x 24 mm Scope of supply Board, manual, fixing material

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Technology is constantly changing. New microcontrollers become available every year. The one thing that has stayed the same is the C programming language used to program these microcontrollers. If you would like to learn this standard language to program microcontrollers, then this book is for you! Arduino is the hardware platform used to teach the C programming language as Arduino boards are available worldwide and contain the popular AVR microcontrollers from Atmel. Atmel Studio is used as the development environment for writing C programs for AVR microcontrollers. It is a full-featured integrated development environment (IDE) that uses the GCC C software tools for AVR microcontrollers and is free to download. At a glance: Start learning to program from the very first chapter No programming experience is necessary Learn by doing – type and run the example programs A fun way to learn the C programming language Ideal for electronic hobbyists, students and engineers wanting to learn the C programming language in an embedded environment on AVR microcontrollers Use the free full-featured Atmel Studio IDE software for Windows Write C programs for 8-bit AVR microcontrollers as found on the Arduino Uno and MEGA boards Example code runs on Arduino Uno and Arduino MEGA 2560 boards and can be adapted to run on other AVR microcontrollers or boards Use the AVR Dragon programmer/debugger in conjunction with Atmel Studio to debug C programs

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Develop innovative hardware-based projects in C The Raspberry Pi has traditionally been programmed using Python. Although this is a very powerful language, many programmers may not be familiar with it. C on the other hand is perhaps the most commonly used programming language and all embedded microcontrollers can be programmed using it. The C language is taught in most technical colleges and universities and almost all engineering students are familiar with using it with their projects. This book is about using the Raspberry Pi with C to develop a range of hardware-based projects. Two of the most popular C libraries, wiringPi and pigpio are used. The book starts with an introduction to C and most students and newcomers will find this chapter invaluable. Many projects are provided in the book, including using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to establish communication with smartphones. Many sensor and hardware-based projects are included. Both wiringPi and pigpio libraries are used in all projects. Complete program listings are given with full explanations. All projects have been fully tested and work. The following hardware-based projects are provided in the book: Using sensors Using LCDs I²C and SPI buses Serial communication Multitasking External and timer interrupts Using Wi-Fi Webservers Communicating with smartphones Using Bluetooth Sending data to the cloud Program listings of all Raspberry Pi projects developed in this book are available on the Elektor website. Readers can download and use these programs in their projects. Alternatively, they can customize them to suit their applications.

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Kick off with the MAX1000 and VHDPlus Ready to Master FPGA Programming? In this guide, we’re diving into the world of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) – a configurable integrated circuit that can be programmed after manufacturing. Imagine bringing your ideas to life, from simple projects to complete microcontroller systems! Meet the MAX1000: a compact and budget-friendly FPGA development board packed with features like memory, user LEDs, push-buttons, and flexible I/O ports. It’s the ideal starting point for anyone wanting to learn about FPGAs and Hardware Description Languages (HDLs). In this book, you’ll get hands-on with the VHDPlus programming language – a simpler version of VHDL. We’ll work on practical projects using the MAX1000, helping you gain the skills and confidence to unleash your creativity. Get ready for an exciting journey! You’ll explore a variety of projects that highlight the true power of FPGAs. Let’s turn your ideas into reality and embark on your FPGA adventure – your journey starts now! Exciting Projects You’ll Find in This Book Arduino-Driven BCD to 7-Segment Display Decoder Use an Arduino Uno R4 to supply BCD data to the decoder, counting from 0 to 9 with a one-second delay Multiplexed 4-Digit Event Counter Create an event counter that displays the total count on a 4-digit display, incrementing with each button press PWM Waveform with Fixed Duty Cycle Generate a PWM waveform at 1 kHz with a fixed duty cycle of 50% Ultrasonic Distance Measurement Measure distances using an ultrasonic sensor, displaying the results on a 4-digit 7-segment LED Electronic Lock Build a simple electronic lock using combinational logic gates with push buttons and an LED output Temperature Sensor Monitor ambient temperature with a TMP36 sensor and display the readings on a 7-segment LED Downloads Software

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Master FPGA programming with the Red Pitaya Academy Pro Box. Learn Verilog and build a real-time audio processing system using Red Pitaya – with a full online course and hands-on project materials. The Academy Pro Box "Learn FPGA Programming with Verilog" is a complete learning solution for students, engineers and developers looking to gain hands-on experience with FPGA programming in Verilog. Combining theory with practice, the programme integrates a well-established Udemy course on Verilog fundamentals with nine exclusive practical modules developed by Elektor & Red Pitaya, designed specifically for the Red Pitaya STEMlab platform. Participants work with real hardware – delivered as part of the box – including the Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 Starter Kit and essential electronic components, enabling them to apply their knowledge immediately through real-world test setups. This combination of guided theory and structured experimentation ensures not only a strong understanding of FPGA principles, but also the ability to implement and verify designs independently. The box is aimed at professionals and advanced learners who want to go beyond simulation and gain practical skills in digital design. By the end of the programme, participants will have completed working FPGA projects, using industry-relevant tools and workflows – making this a valuable resource for academic & career development and technical innovation. What you’ll learn? Fundamentals of FPGA and Verilog Programming How to simulate, synthesize & implement digital circuits How to interface audio hardware with your FPGA Real-time Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques How to build, test, and customize audio filters Perfect for Professionals looking to level up their skills in Digital System Design Designers aiming to accelerate time-to-market for their applications Engineers pushing the boundaries of technological innovation Support when you need it In-depth troubleshooting in the course Community forums & Red Pitaya documentation Udemy Q&A and hardware support email What's inside the Box (Course)? Red Pitaya STEMlab 125-14 Starter Kit (valued at €550) 1x STEMlab 125-14 board 1x USB power supply (EU, UK & US) 1x microSD card (16 GB) with pre-installed OS 1x Ethernet cable Extra: 2x Oscilloscope Probes Extra: 2x SMA to BNC adapters Microphone & speaker set with cables Step-by-step project guide Downloadable code templates and schematics Lifetime access to a complete, self-paced Udemy course on Verilog Learning Material (of this Box/Course) 9 Practical Modules with Red Pitaya ▶  Click here to open Introduction Setting Up the Vivado Development Environment Project Setup & Vivado Integration Synthesis, Implementation & Bitstream Generation FPGA Image Overview First FPGA Projects – LEDs Full Audio Pass-Through Module 5 kHz Low-Pass Filter (4-Pole Cascade) Real-Time Microphone Input → Speaker Output Verilog Course with 28 Lessons on Udemy ▶  Click here to open Installing Vivado Vivado Design Flow Part 1 Vivado Design Flow Part 2 Commonly Asked Question’s from previous Module Fundamentals of Verilog Commonly Asked Question’s from previous Module Modeling Styles Assignment Operators in Verilog FAQ Behavioral Modeling Style Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Gate Level Modeling Style Switch level Modeling Style Structural Modeling Style Schematic based Design Entry with IP integrator and Xilinx IP's Memories Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Finite State Machines Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Writing Testbenches Hardware Debugging with Vivado Required Hardware v File I/0 Projects RTL for Synthesis FPGA Architecture Fundamentals Commonly Asked Question's from previous Module Interview Preparations Next Step What is Elektor Academy Pro? Elektor Academy Pro delivers specialized learning solutions designed for professionals, engineering teams, and technical experts in the electronics and embedded systems industry. It enables individuals and organizations to expand their practical knowledge, enhance their skills, and stay ahead of the curve through high-quality resources and hands-on training tools. From real-world projects and expert-led courses to in-depth technical insights, Elektor empowers engineers to tackle today’s electronics and embedded systems challenges. Our educational offerings include Academy Books, Pro Boxes, Webinars, Conferences, and industry-focused B2B magazines – all created with professional development in mind. Whether you're an engineer, R&D specialist, or technical decision-maker, Elektor Academy Pro bridges the gap between theory and practice, helping you master emerging technologies and drive innovation within your organization.

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