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A Toolbox for Audio Lovers and Engineers Without any ambition to reach scientific levels, this book aims to be a toolbox for both audio lovers and high-end equipment designers. The elementary theory presented is the bare minimum for readers to grasp the operation and practical use of electrical, electromagnetic, physics, and electronic operations available in the designers’ toolbox. Each tool is explained in a minimum of words and theory without needless coverage of underlying equations or figures. The book chapters guide you through the process of designing quality amplifiers with vacuum tubes, from the very beginning, considering both technical and subjective requirements – in theory and practice. The book is a compilation of the author’s notes used in his professional and educational career but was nevertheless primarily written as a result of true love for the audiophile hobby.

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Nobody has any doubt that valve amplifiers produce a remarkably beautiful sound. They have a lively, deep, clear, and expressive sound, and dynamically they do not appear to have any limitations. The author investigates, in a systematic theoretical approach, the reasons for these beautiful properties. He develops new models for power valves and transformers, thus enabling the designer to determine the properties of the amplifier during the design process. Mathematical models for the coupling of power valve(s) and output transformer are provided. These will generate new insights in a special kind of distortion: the dynamic damping factor distortion (DDFD). With mathematical models in the complex domain, especially the properties at the limits of our hearing range (from 20 Hz to 20 kHz) are investigated and the minimal stability criteria for the amplifier are formulated. The often-applied negative feedback in amplifiers is extensively modelled and discussed in relation to our hearing appreciating. And after all this theory a fine selection of special amplifiers is presented and discussed. You will notice in this book that the author not only writes about amplifier technique, but tells about the way the development of valve amplifiers can have an influence on your daily life; even the usefulness of patents is discussed. Summarizing: new theories and solutions for perfect audio with valve amplifiers. Not only the professional and the DIY-er but everyone who wants to understand valve amplifiers will read this book with much pleasure.

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A Toolbox for Audio Lovers and Engineers Without any ambition to reach scientific levels, this book aims to be a toolbox for both audio lovers and high-end equipment designers. The elementary theory presented is the bare minimum for readers to grasp the operation and practical use of electrical, electromagnetic, physics, and electronic operations available in the designers’ toolbox. Each tool is explained in a minimum of words and theory without needless coverage of underlying equations or figures. The book chapters guide you through the process of designing quality amplifiers with vacuum tubes, from the very beginning, considering both technical and subjective requirements – in theory and practice. The book is a compilation of the author’s notes used in his professional and educational career but was nevertheless primarily written as a result of true love for the audiophile hobby.

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Valve Amplifiers are regarded by many to be the ne plus ultra when it comes to processing audio signals. The combination of classical technology and modern components has resulted in a revival of the valve amplifier. The use of toraidal-core output transformers, developed by the author over the past 15 years, has contributed to this revival. The most remarkable features of these transformers are their extremely wide frequency ranges and their very low levels of linear and nonlinear distortion. This book explains the whys and wherefores of toroidal output transformers at various technical levels, starting with elementary concepts and culminating in complete mathematical descriptions. In all of this, the interactions of the output valves, transformer and loudspeaker form the central theme. Next come the practical aspects. The schematic diagram of a valve amplifier often appears to be very simple at first glance, but anyone who has built a modern valve amplifier knows that a lot of critical details are hidden behind this apparent simplicity. These are discussed extensively, in connection with designs for amplifiers with output powers ranging from 10 to 100 watts. Finally, the author gives some attention to a number of special valve amplifiers, and to the theory and practice of negative feedback. In summary, this book offers innovative solutions for achieving perfect audio quality. Do-it-yourself builders, as well as persons who want to gain a deeper technical understanding of the complex world of audio transformers, valve amplifiers and audio signal processing, will find this book a rich and useful source of information.

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The Speaker Kit for Raspberry Pi is a small amplified speaker designed for the Raspberry Pi. Included MonkMakes Amplified Speaker Set of 10 female to female header wires Short stereo audio lead Raspberry Leaf GPIO template Downloads Instructions Datasheet

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Learn KiCad with Peter Dalmaris The Academy Pro Box "Design PCBs like a Pro" offers a complete, structured training programme in PCB design, combining online learning with practical application. Based on Peter Dalmaris’ KiCad course, the 15-week programme integrates video lessons, printed materials (2 books), and hands-on projects to ensure participants not only understand the theory but also develop the skills to apply it in practice. Unlike standard courses, the Academy Pro Box provides a guided learning path with weekly milestones and physical components to design, test, and produce working PCBs. This approach supports a deeper learning experience and better knowledge retention. The box is ideal for engineers, students, and professionals who want to develop practical PCB design expertise using open-source tools. With the added option to have their final project manufactured, participants complete the programme with real results – ready for use, testing, or further development. Learn by doing Build skills. Design real boards. Generate Gerbers. Place your first order. This isn’t just a course – it’s a complete project journey from idea to product. You’ll walk away with: Working knowledge of KiCad’s tools Confidence designing your own PCBs A fully manufacturable circuit board – made by you What's inside the Box (Course)? Both volumes of "KiCad Like a Pro" (valued at €105) Vol 1: Fundamentals and Projects Vol 2: Advanced Projects and Recipes Coupon code to join the bestselling KiCad 9 online course by Peter Dalmaris on Udemy, featuring 20+ hours of video training. You'll complete three full design projects: Breadboard Power Supply Tiny Solar Power Supply Datalogger with EEPROM and Clock Voucher from Eurocircuits for the production of PCBs (worth €85 excl. VAT) Learning Material (of this Box/Course) 15-Week Learning Program ▶  Click here to open Week 1: Setup, Fundamentals, and First Steps in PCB Design Week 2: Starting Your First PCB Project – Schematic Capture Week 3: PCB Layout – From Netlist to Board Design Week 4: Design Principles, Libraries, and Workflow Week 5: Your First Real-World PCB Project Week 6: Custom Libraries – Symbols, Footprints, and Workflow Week 7: Advanced Tools – Net Classes, Rules, Zones, Routing Week 8: Manufacturing Files, BOMs, and PCB Ordering Week 9: Advanced Finishing Techniques – Graphics, Refinement, and Production Quality Week 10: Tiny Solar Power Supply – From Schematic to Layout Week 11: Tiny Solar Power Supply – PCB Layout and Production Prep Week 12: ESP32 Clone Project – Schematic Design and Layout Prep Week 13: ESP32 Clone – PCB Layout and Manufacturing Prep Week 14: Final Improvements and Advanced Features Week 15: Productivity Tools, Simulation, and Automation KiCad Course with 18 Lessons on Udemy (by Peter Dalmaris) ▶  Click here to open Introduction Getting started with PCB design Getting started with KiCad Project: A hands-on tour of KiCad (Schematic Design) Project: A hands-on tour of KiCad (Layout) Design principles and PCB terms Design workflow and considerations Fundamental KiCad how-to: Symbols and Eeschema Fundamental KiCad how-to: Footprints and Pcbnew Project: Design a simple breadboard power supply PCB Project: Tiny Solar Power Supply Project: MCU datalogger with build-in 512K EEPROM and clock Recipes KiCad 9 new features and improvements Legacy (from previous versions of KiCad) KiCad 7 update (Legacy) (Legacy) Gettings started with KiCad Bonus lecture About the Author Dr. Peter Dalmaris, PhD is an educator, an electrical engineer and Maker. Creator of online video courses on DIY electronics and author of several technical books. As a Chief Tech Explorer since 2013 at Tech Explorations, the company he founded in Sydney, Australia, Peter's mission is to explore technology and help educate the world. What is Elektor Academy Pro? Elektor Academy Pro delivers specialized learning solutions designed for professionals, engineering teams, and technical experts in the electronics and embedded systems industry. It enables individuals and organizations to expand their practical knowledge, enhance their skills, and stay ahead of the curve through high-quality resources and hands-on training tools. From real-world projects and expert-led courses to in-depth technical insights, Elektor empowers engineers to tackle today’s electronics and embedded systems challenges. Our educational offerings include Academy Books, Pro Boxes, Webinars, Conferences, and industry-focused B2B magazines – all created with professional development in mind. Whether you're an engineer, R&D specialist, or technical decision-maker, Elektor Academy Pro bridges the gap between theory and practice, helping you master emerging technologies and drive innovation within your organization.

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This 14-way MonoDAQ-compatible connector allows the user to create, reuse and archive test fixtures instead of rewiring the connector furnished with the MonoDAQ everytime a measurement or test has to be repeated. Helps the user to build a library of plug-and-play test setups. Features Time saving push-in connection, tools not required Defined contact force ensures that contact remains stable over the long term Intuitive use through colour coded actuation lever Operation and conductor connection from one direction enable integration into front of device All necessary technical data can be found here.

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Solder Paste Dispensing and Reflow All-in-One The Voltera V-One creates two-layer prototype circuit boards on your desk. Gerber files go in, printed circuit boards come out. The dispenser lays down a silver-based conductive ink to print your circuit right before your eyes. Assembling traditional and additive boards is easy with the V-One’s solder paste dispensing and reflow features. Simply mount your board on the print bed and import your Gerber file into Voltera’s software. No more stencils required Voltera’s software is designed to be understood easily. From importing your Gerber files to the moment you press print, the software safely walks you through each step. Compatible with EAGLE, Altium, KiCad, Mentor Graphics, Cadence, DipTrace, Upverter. Included V-One PCB printer V-One dispenser V-One probe Nozzle pack Tip caps 3 x 4" FR1 substrate pack 2 x 3" FR1 substrate pack Substrate clamps Thumbscrew pack Hello World kit Solder wire Tweezers Power supply Power adapter Cables User guides Downloads Specifications V-One Software Manuals Safety Datasheets Technical Datasheets Voltera CAM file for EAGLE Substrates and Templates More Info Frequently Asked Questions More from the Voltera community Technical Specifications Printing Specifications Minimum trace width 0.2 mm Minimum passive size 1005 Minimum pin-to-pin pitch (conductive ink) 0.8 mml Minimum pin-to-pin pitch (solder paste) 0.5 mml Resistivity 12 mΩ/sq @ 70 um height Substrate material FR4 Maximum board thickness 3 mm Soldering Specifications Solder paste alloy Sn42/Bi57.6/Ag0.4 Solder wire alloy SnBiAg1 Soldering iron temperature 180-210°C Print Bed Print area 135 x 113.5 mm Max. heated bed temperature 240°C Heated bed ramp rate ~2°C/s Footprint Dimensions 390 x 257 x 207 mm (L x W x H) Weight 7 kg Computing Requirements Compatible operating systems Windows 7 or higher, MacOS 10.11 or higher Compatible file format Gerber Connection type Wired USB Certification EN 61326-1:2013 EMC requirements IEC 61010-1 Safety requirements CE Marking Affixed to the Voltera V-One printers delivered to European customers Designed and assembled in Canada. More technical information Quickstart Explore Flexible Printed Electronics on the V-One Voltera V-One Capabilities Reel Voltera V-One PCB Printer Walkthrough Unpacking the V-One V-One: Solder Paste Dispensing and Reflow All-in-One Voltera @ Stanford University's Bao Research Group: Robotic Skin and Stretchable Sensors Voltera @ Princeton: The Future of Aerospace Innovation

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Menno van der Veen is well known for his research publications on tube amplifiers used in audio systems. In this book he describes one of his research projects which focuses on the question of whether full compensation for distortion in tubes and output transformers is possible. In the past, a variety of techniques have been developed. One of them has largely been forgotten: trans-conductance, which means converting current into voltage or voltage into current. Menno van der Veen has breathed new life into this technique with his research project titled “Trans”. This book discusses all aspects of this method and discusses its pitfalls. These pitfalls are addressed one by one. The end result is a set of stringent requirements for Trans amplifiers. Armed with these requirements, Menno then develops new Trans amplifiers, starting with Transie 1 and Transie 2. These DC-coupled, single-ended tube amplifiers have unusually good characteristics and are suitable for hobbyist construction. Next the Trans principle is applied to amplifiers with higher output power. A trial-and-error process ultimately leads to the Vanderveen Trans 30 amplifier, which optimizes the features of Trans. The characteristics of this amplifier are so special and unique that Menno believes he has struck gold. To ensure that variations in tube characteristics cannot interfere with optimal Trans behavior, Menno makes use of simulations and comparison with other amplifier types. This book reads like an adventure story, but it is much more – it is an account of solid research into new ways to achieve optimal audio reproduction.

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This book focuses more on practical aspects than on theory, and it has an contemplative nature, as though the author were viewing amplifiers from above. Knowledge elements are integrated and placed in the context of a broad overview. Even now tube amplifiers still sound great perhaps better than ever before. In part that is because we now have access to modern components such as toroidal output transformers, extremely high-quality resistors and capacitors, and many sorts of wire with good acoustic properties. Modern audio sources, such as CD players, and the latest top-end loudspeakers also enable us to appreciate how well tube amplifiers reproduce music even better than before. This new book from Menno van der Veen looks at tube amplifiers from more than just a theoretical perspective. It focuses primarily on the design phase, where decisions must be taken with regard to the purpose and requirements of the amplifier, and it addresses the following questions: How do these aspects relate to subjective and objective criteria? Which circuits sound the best, and why? If you want to develop and market an amplifier, what problems should you expect? What are the significance and meaning of measurements? Are they still meaningful, or have they lost their relevance? Thanks to the enormous processing power of computers, we can now measure more details than ever before. How can these new methods be applied to tube amplifiers? Previously it was sufficient to measure the frequency range, power and distortion of an amplifier in order to characterize the amplifier. Are these measurements still sufficient, or should we start measuring according to how we hear, using real music signals instead of waveforms from signal generators? The author sketches a future where amplifier measurements that conform to our sense of hearing enable us to arrive at new insights. This book focuses more on practical aspects than on theory, and it has an contemplative nature, as though the author were viewing amplifiers from above. Knowledge elements are integrated and placed in the context of a broad overview.

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When Raspberry Pi 4's system on chip (SoC) achieves a certain temperature, it lowers its operating speed to protect itself from harm. As a result, you don't get maximum performance from the single board computer. Fan SHIM is an affordable accessory that effectively eliminates thermal throttling and boosts the performance of RPi 4. It's quite easy to attach the fan SHIM to Raspberry pi: fan SHIM uses a friction-fit header, so it just slips onto your Pi's pins and it's ready to go, no soldering required! The fan can be controlled in software, so you can adjust it to your needs, for example, toggle it on when the CPU reaches a certain temperature etc. You can also program the LED as a visual indicator of the fan status. The tactile switch can also be programmed, so you can use it to toggle the fan on or off, or to switch between temperature-triggered or manual mode. Features 30 mm 5 V DC fan 4,200 RPM 0.05 m³/min air flow 18.6 dB acoustic noise (whisper-quiet) Friction-fit header No soldering required RGB LED (APA102) Tactile switch Basic assembly required Compatible with Raspberry Pi 4 (and 3B+, 3A+) Python library and daemon Pinout Scope of delivery Fan SHIM PCB 30 mm 5 V DC fan with JST connector M2.5 nuts and bolts Assembly The assembly is really simple and almost takes no time With the component side of the PCB facing upwards, push the two M2.5 bolts through the holes from below, then screw on the first pair of nuts to secure them and act as spacers. Push the fan's mounting holes down onto the bolts, with the cable side of the fan downwards (as pictured) and the text on the fan upwards. Attach with another two nuts. Push the fan's JST connector into the socket on Fan SHIM. Software With the help of Python library you can control the fan (on/off), RGB LED, and switch. You'll also find a number of examples that demonstrate each feature, as well as a script to install a daemon (a computer program that runs as a background process) that runs the fan in automatic mode, triggering it on or off when the CPU reaches a threshold temperature, with a manual override via the tactile switch.

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This rigid end effector plate is designed to be in place of the standard AxiDraw pen-lift Z stage, and provides an alternative mounting scheme for mounting various things to the end of the AxiDraw's arm, for applications where greater rigidity is important but the lifting ability of the standard Z stage is not required. The rigid end effector is custom machined from aluminum, and provides six M3 tapped holes and two M4 tapped holes for mounting what ever it is that you would like to mount to the end of the AxiDraw, to use it as a 2D robot arm. The hole pattern is compatible with the AxiDraw pen clip, so you can, if you like, mount the AxiDraw's pen clip to this end effector. Installation is straightforward, but requires a Pozidrive PZ2 screwdriver, not included*. Remove the AxiDraw's pen clip, and then remove the pen-lift Z stage by removing two screws with the PZ2 screwdriver. Install the rigid end effector plate in its place, using the two included mounting screws and the PZ2 screwdriver. You may wish to also tie back or fully remove the AxiDraw's cable guides, which normally extend to power the pen-lift stage. Specifications Material: Anodized 6061-T6 aluminum Size: 1.97 x 1.38 x 0.19 inches (50 x 35 x 4.8 mm) Weight: Approximately 11 g Mounting hardware: included (Two M4x12 pozidrive-head self-tapping screws) Compatibility All AxiDraw V3 family pen plotters AxiDraw V3/A3 AxiDraw SE/A3 AxiDraw MiniKit models

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