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Praktischer Einstieg mit Arduino, GnuRadio und FPGA Das Thema „Software Defined Radio“ ist facettenreich: Neben der Schaltungstechnik ist auch eine Einarbeitung in die Programmierung von Hardware und PC wichtig. Ein schrittweises Vorgehen erleichtert Ihnen den Einstieg. Mit dem im Buch vorgestellten modularen „RF Bricks“-Konzept werden Sie zum Architekten Ihrer Signalkette. Auf einem Chassis angeordnet gewährleisten die Module einen soliden und gut abgeschirmten Aufbau, den Sie einfach verändern und mit eigenen Ideen anreichern können. Der skalierbare Aufbau bildet Ihr Blockschaltbild auch mechanisch ab – die so gewonnene Übersicht kann in der Aus- und Weiterbildung nützlich sein. Ein Arduino in Ihrem Chassis kommuniziert nach einigen Anpassungen mit üblichen SDR-Programmen, z. B. SDRCPP, GQRX und CubicSDR auf einer Linux-Plattform. Damit können Sie Ihren Empfänger direkt per Mausklick abstimmen. Wenn Sie Blockschaltbilder mögen, ist GnuRadio ein natürlicher Partner der „RF Bricks“. Mit einem selbst programmierten Python-Block gelingt Ihnen in GnuRadio die Fernsteuerung Ihres Empfängers. Im GnuRadio-Universum können Sie Ihre GUI stufenweise ausbauen, behalten dabei aber immer volle Kontrolle über die inneren Abläufe des Programms. Mit einem FPGA können zeitaufwändige Operationen auch direkt in die Hardware verlagert werden. Sie bauen stufenweise einen Doppelsuperhet auf und entwickeln die Filterkoeffizienten für FIR-Filter mit Scilab. Das in VHDL realisierte Weaver-Schema rundet diesen Empfänger ab, der mit hoher Empfindlichkeit und Dynamik aufwarten kann. Mit dem gewonnen Überblick und Ihrer neuen Hardware können Sie die einzelnen Aspekte des Themenkomplexes SDR beliebig weiter vertiefen. Downloads Software

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This book is intended for electronics enthusiasts and professionals alike, who want a much deeper understanding of the incredible technology conquests over the pre-digital decades that created video. It details evolution of analogue video electronics and technology from the first electro-mechanical television, through advancements in Cathode Ray Tubes, transistor circuits and signal processing, up to the latest analogue, colour-rich TV, entertainment devices and calibration equipment. Key technological advances that enabled monochrome video and, eventually, colour are explained. The importance, compromises and techniques of maintaining crucial backward legacy compatibilities are described. The generation, signal processing and playback of analogue video signals in numerous capture, display, recording and playback devices together with operating principles and practices are examined. Technical and, often, political merits and deficiencies of key national and international video standards are highlighted. Several formats are shown to win and ultimately to co-exist. This book begins at fairly basic levels; concepts are introduced with human physiological perceptions of light and colour explained. This leads to the subject matter of luminance and chrominance; their equations and the circuits to process. There is full, detailed analysis of waveform shapes and timings inside video equipment and relevant popular connections e.g. S-video. Several analogue video projects which you can build yourself are also included in this book; with schematics, circuit board layouts and calibration steps to help you obtain the best results. The book makes use of many colour pages where the subject matter demands it (e.g. test cards). If you really want a deeper understanding of analogue video then this book is for you!

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The DCA75 Pro is a great instrument that combines ease-of-use with amazing features. It can automatically identify a huge range of semiconductors, automatically identify pinouts and measure detailed parameters. Features Built-in graphics display (now backlit) to show detailed schematic of the component you're testing as well as pinout and measurement data USB connectivity to allow curve tracing, data storage/retrieval and device matching on your Windows PC (Windows 7 and higher) Single internal AAA alkaline cell for standalone operation Component Support Bipolar transistors (NPN/PNP inc Silicon/Germanium) Darlington transistors (NPN/PNP) Enhancement mode MOSFETs (N-Ch and P-Ch) Depletion mode MOSFETs (N-Ch and P-Ch) Junction FETs (N-Ch and P-Ch). Both symmetrical and asymmetrical types Enhancement IGBTs (N-Ch and P-Ch) Diodes and diode networks (2 and 3 lead types) Zener diodes (up to about 9 V) Voltage regulators (up to about 8 V) LEDs and bi-colour LEDs (2 lead and 3 lead types) Low power sensitive Triacs and Thyristors (<10 mA trigger and hold) Measurements BJT current gain (hFE) BJT base emitter voltage (Vbe) BJT collector leakage current MOSFET on and off gate threshold voltages MOSFET transconductance JFET pinch-off voltage JFET transconductance JFET IDSS (drain current for Vgs=0) IGBT on and off gate threshold voltages IGBT transconductance Voltage regulator output voltage Voltage regulator quiescent current consumption Voltage regulator drop-out voltage Zener voltage Diode forward voltage drop Specifications Analyzer type Semiconductor components Component detection Automatic Pinout detection Automatic, connect any way round Display type Graphic LCD (now backlit) Interface type USB for optional PC connection PC functions Curve tracing (Windows 7 and higher) Software Included on USB drive for Windows 7 and higher Battery Single AAA cell (supplied) Included Peak Atlas DCA75 Pro PC software on a USB Flash Drive for Windows 11, 10, 8, 7, XP Micro USB cable Fitted universal premium hook probes AAA Alkaline battery Downloads Datasheet (EN) User Guide (EN) User Guide (IT) Software Installation Guide (EN) Software and Firmware Package

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The Basics, New Ideas & Applications Build digital electronics from the ground up—and take it all the way to practical circuits you can use. This book guides you through the core principles of digital technology with a strongly hands-on approach. You’ll begin with the essentials: signals, devices for working with them, and what "logic 0" and "logic 1" mean in real hardware. Simple demonstration setups made from easy-to-find parts (LEDs, diodes, resistors, switches) help you see how logic behaves, making the theory click before you move on. From there, you’ll explore a wide range of logic elements and how they’re implemented, including classic logic families such as TTL and CMOS. The fundamentals section covers the building blocks of digital systems: flip-flops, Schmitt triggers, registers, counters and dividers, encoders/ decoders, multiplexers/demultiplexers, plus A/D and D/A conversion and timing circuits. Next, the book invites you into "new ideas" in digital electronics—universal logic elements, unconventional approaches (including thyristor-based and fractional logic), and creative logic functions that can inspire original designs. Finally, a large, well-organized collection of application circuits turns knowledge into projects: electronic switches and selectors, pulse generators, PWM regulators, frequency multipliers/dividers, phase shifters, and digital filters. Study it deeply, and you’ll gain not only understanding—but the ability to design and debug digital circuits independently.

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Recently, the development of a tiny chip called the ESP8266 has made it possible to interface any type of microcontroller to a Wi-Fi AP. The ESP8266 is a low-cost tiny Wi-Fi chip having fully built-in TCP/IP stack and a 32-bit microcontroller unit. This chip, produced by Shanghai based Chinese manufacturer Espressif System, is IEEE 802.11 b/g/n Wi-Fi compatible with on-chip program and data memory, and general purpose input-output ports. Several manufacturers have incorporated the ESP8266 chip in their hardware products (e.g. ESP-xx, NodeMCU etc) and offer these products as a means of connecting a microcontroller system such as the Android, PIC microcontroller or others to a Wi-Fi. The ESP8266 is a low-power chip and costs only a few Dollars. ESP8266 and MicroPython – Coding Cool Stuff is an introduction to the ESP8266 chip and describes the features of this chip and shows how various firmware and programming languages such as the MicroPython can be uploaded to the chip. The main aim of the book is to teach the readers how to use the MicroPython programming language on ESP8266 based hardware, especially on the NodeMCU. Several interesting and useful projects are given in the e-book (pdf) to show how to use the MicroPython in NodeMCU type ESP8266 hardware: Project “What shall I wear today?”: You will be developing a weather information system using a NodeMCU development board together with a Text-to-Speech processor module. Project “The Temperature and Humidity on the Cloud”: You will be developing a system that will get the ambient temperature and humidity using a sensor and then store this data on the cloud so that it can be accessed from anywhere. Project “Remote Web Based Control”: You will be developing a system that will remotely control two LEDs connected to a NodeMCU development board using an HTTP Web Server application.

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The Seeed Studio RF Explorer WSUB1G+ is a powerful, high-performance digital spectrum analyzer covering frequencies from 50 kHz to 1 GHz. The Slim model features a robust design, a more conveniently positioned USB connector on the side, and a larger internal battery capacity. Features Internal LNA amplifier and selectable attenuator Low frequency support from 50 KHz covering LF, MF, HF, VHF and UHF up to 960 Mhz New HELP and SET buttons to improve user interface and configuration selection with 2-clicks Wide band coverage to all popular sub-1 Ghz bands, including FM, TV and DTV, ISM, RFID, GSM, etc. Ideal choice for HAM bands from 160 m to 33 cm Pocket size and light weight Solid metal case Spectrum Analyzer mode with Peak Max and Hold, Normal, Overwrite and Averaging modes High capacity internal Lithium battery for 20hs+ of continuous run, rechargeable by USB Multi-platform Windows/Linux/MacOS Open Source software and API libraries Can be extended with internal Expansion Modules for additional band and functionality Specifications Frequency band: 0.05 MHz – 960 MHz Frequency span: 0.1 MHz – 960 MHz Internal selectable LNA 25 dB gain Internal selectable Attenuator 30 dB Graphics LCD 128 x 64 pixels, great visibility outdoors Support included for Windows, Linux and MacOS X Backlight for great visibility indoor Internal Lithium Ion 1800 mA/h rechargeable battery Standard SMA 50 Ω connector Wideband 144/433 MHz dual band telescopic antenna included UHF 400-900 MHz rubber duck articulated antenna included Amplitude resolution: 0.5 dBm Dynamic range: -125 dBm to 10 dBm Absolute Max input power: +30 dBm Average noise level (typical LNA): -125 dBm Frequency stability and accuracy (typical): ±10 ppm Amplitude stability and accuracy (typical): ±2 dBm Frequency resolution: 1 kHz Resolution bandwidth (RBW): Automatic 2.6 kHz to 600 kHz Included 1x Seeed Studio RF Explorer WSUB1G+ Slim Spectrum Analyzer 1x Mini USB cable 1x Dual band 144/430 MHz Telescopic antenna 1x UHF 400-900 Mhz antenna 1x EVA case

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The Basics, New Ideas & Applications Build digital electronics from the ground up—and take it all the way to practical circuits you can use. This book guides you through the core principles of digital technology with a strongly hands-on approach. You’ll begin with the essentials: signals, devices for working with them, and what "logic 0" and "logic 1" mean in real hardware. Simple demonstration setups made from easy-to-find parts (LEDs, diodes, resistors, switches) help you see how logic behaves, making the theory click before you move on. From there, you’ll explore a wide range of logic elements and how they’re implemented, including classic logic families such as TTL and CMOS. The fundamentals section covers the building blocks of digital systems: flip-flops, Schmitt triggers, registers, counters and dividers, encoders/ decoders, multiplexers/demultiplexers, plus A/D and D/A conversion and timing circuits. Next, the book invites you into "new ideas" in digital electronics—universal logic elements, unconventional approaches (including thyristor-based and fractional logic), and creative logic functions that can inspire original designs. Finally, a large, well-organized collection of application circuits turns knowledge into projects: electronic switches and selectors, pulse generators, PWM regulators, frequency multipliers/dividers, phase shifters, and digital filters. Study it deeply, and you’ll gain not only understanding—but the ability to design and debug digital circuits independently.

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A Beginner's Guide to AI and Edge Computing Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now part of our daily lives. With companies developing low-cost AI-powered hardware into their products, it is now becoming a reality to purchase AI accelerator hardware at comparatively very low costs. One such hardware accelerator is the Hailo module which is fully compatible with the Raspberry Pi 5. The Raspberry Pi AI Kit is a cleverly designed hardware as it bundles an M.2-based Hailo-8L accelerator with the Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+ to offer high speed inferencing on the Raspberry Pi 5. Using the Raspberry Pi AI Kit, you can build complex AI-based vision applications, running in real-time, such as object detection, pose estimation, instance segmentation, home automation, security, robotics, and many more neural network-based applications. This book is an introduction to the Raspberry Pi AI Kit, and it is aimed to provide some help to readers who are new to the kit and wanting to run some simple AI-based visual models on their Raspberry Pi 5 computers. The book is not meant to cover the detailed process of model creation and compilation, which is done on an Ubuntu computer with massive disk space and 32 GB memory. Examples of pre-trained and custom object detection are given in the book. Two fully tested and working projects are given in the book. The first project explains how a person can be detected and how an LED can be activated after the detection, and how the detection can be acknowledged by pressing an external button. The second project illustrates how a person can be detected, and how this information can be passed to a smart phone over a Wi-Fi link, as well as how the detection can be acknowledged by sending a message from the smartphone to your Raspberry Pi 5.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Rotary Dial Phone as Remote ControlTo Switch On the Lights, Dial 1; For the Coffee Maker, Dial 2 GPS-Based Speed MonitorNo More Speeding Tickets RGB Stroboscope with ArduinoA Colorful Adaptation of a Useful Instrument Wireless Emergency Push ButtonEnhanced Safety with LoRa Starting Out in ElectronicsFollow the Emitter Arbitrary, Independent Hysteresis Levels for Comparatorswith Simulations, Spreadsheets and Algebra ESP32-Based Impedance AnalyzerSimple, Low-Part-Count, and Inexpensive! HomeLab ToursEncouraging DIY The MCCAB Arduino Nano Training BoardAll-in-One Hardware for the “Microcontrollers Hands-On Course” From Life’s ExperienceModern Luddism Sensor 101: The DS18B20 Temperature SensorConnection to the 1-Wire Bus Is Matter the Thread to Save the Smart Home?New Standards to Simplify the Smart Home A Matter of CollaborationDeveloping with the Thing Plus Matter Board and Simplicity Studio Infographics: IoT and Sensors Matter, ExpressLink, Rainmaker — What Is This All About?Q&A with Amey Inamdar, Technical Marketing Director at Espressif Selecting Microcontroller Dev Kits for IoT and IIoT ApplicationsAn Introductory Guide Capacitors Do Not Always Behave Capacitively! An NTP Clock with CircuitPythonWhy Should You Use This Programming Language? Build a Cool IoT DisplayWith the Phambili Newt The HB100 Doppler Motion SensorTheory and Practice A Bare-Metal Programming Guide (Part 1)For STM32 and Other Controllers Siglent SDM3045X Multimeter Microprocessors for Embedded SystemsPeculiar Parts, the Series Microcontroller Documentation Explained (Part 3)Block Diagrams and More Low-Power LoRa Weather StationBuild a long-range weather station by yourself Transverter for the 70 cm Band Climate Calling EngineersMove Fast and Fix Things Hexadoku

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Digital Load for High-Current TestingFrom Necessity to Innovation Vocal RemoverInstant Karaoke Circuit Audio A/B Selector With Gain ControlSwitches from Microphone to Line Inputs Better Charging for the LIR2032Be Kind to Your Coin Cells Touch Sensing Made SimpleA DIY Guide for Any Microcontroller Universal Infrared Remote SwitchA New Life for Old Remotes Microcontroller-Powered Moo BoxMaking Playful Sounds With a Microcontroller USB Battery Interface Powering Low-Draw Devices With Power BanksA “Stay Alive” Solution Small Class-A Audio Amplifier With Current OutputDrive Speakers with Current Instead of Voltage Pseudo-Balanced ModuleHigh CMRR with Unbalanced Audio Links Ni-MH Cells Automatic ChargerRefill All Your Battery Packs in One Go! Thyristor-Based Power Supply Protection Fingerprint Sensor SwitchA Useful Proof-of-Identity Device DC-DC 3-A Power ConverterUpgrade Your Fixed-Voltage Sources Remote Water Heater MonitorVoltage and Current Detection for AC Lines Attenuators for Audio Signals (1)Adjustable Via Jumpers Pimp My Car Battery Charger (Part 1)Don’t Throw It Away, Mod It! A Board for the Blue OnePCB for Alps Motorized Potentiometer with Feedback 50-Hz Reference from 60-Hz Mains VoltageHow to Use 50-Hz Electronics in 60-Hz Environments Digital IsolatorsRealizing Galvanic Isolation Easily Compact 12-W Hi-Fi Mono AmplifierSmall But Powerful LM386 Ramp Generator Three-Phase GeneratorWith Raspberry Pi Pico Door Opener for the Musically Talented Elektor Classic: Surf SynthesizerOcean Watersports Background Sound Generator (OWBSG) Pimp my Car Battery Charger (Part 2)Don’t Throw It Away, Mod It! Lamp Current MonitorWith a Raspberry Pi Pico Infrared Telegraphy Fnirsi SWM-10Repair Battery Packs With This Portable Intelligent Spot Welding Machine Stereo Audio Codec for the ESP32 and Co.No Need to Be Afraid of Audio Measurement Technology Tin Soldering TechniquesMake Them Well Right Away! Attenuators for Audio Signals (2)Switching Via Relays USB-C PowerDrawing Power from USB-C Power Adapters Three Circuits with Two and Three Counter ICs4017 ICs Working Together Active Components – The Diode A Timer For Ultra-Long DelaysSet It, and Forget It! Jack In and Jack OutA Useful Insert Option for Audio Circuits Power an ESP32 from a Single Li-ion Cell Hexadoku

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. High-End from the Elektor Lab Fortissimo-100 High-End AmplifierFully symmetrical audio output stage and 100/190 W Checking the Frequency of Tuned Circuits and CrystalsTips & Tricks, Best Practices and Other Useful Information PCB Tips and Tricks Soldering – So What?A Closer Look at Current Soldering Technology Low-Latency Bluetooth Garage Door ControlTake Control with Short BLE Messages from a Smartphone Ideal Diode ControllerDiode Circuits with Low Power Dissipation LED Garlands with ESP32 and FreeRTOSFlashing and Variable Brightness Starting Out in Electronics……Cheerfully Continues Zenering FM/DAB+ ReceiverThe Best of Both Worlds From Life’s ExperienceElectronica Obscura Tracing the Cause of Software Bugs WirelesslyCircular Buffer and Webserver on the ESP32 Did Covid Cause a Boost in Engineering Innovation?Innovative Components and Solutions from 2022 Ersa i-CON TRACE – The IoT Soldering Station for Makers Infographics What Are We Going to Do with All This Compute? How to Drive Ynvisible’s E-Paper Display All-Time Innovation with InnoFaithQ&A with Walter Arkesteijn Industrial AutomationEasy and scalable IoT-Retrofitting Next Generation Oscilloscopes for Accelerated InsightRohde & Schwarz introduces the R&S MXO 4 series Low Profile Linear Connectors Solve Multi-Signal Data Management Smart – Innovative – Cost-EfficientGateMate FPGAs Developed and Manufactured in Germany Tools to Support Low-Cost Sensor Development PolyfusesPeculiar Parts, the Series Isolated Analog Output for Arduino Uno HomeLab Tours... Discovers the Theremin electronica fast forward 2022 - powered by ElektorLineup and Timetable Radio Direction FindingTracking Down Lost Wireless Weather Sensors Estimate an IC's Internal NoiseA Simple Method Ethics in ActionPowered by WEEF No Ethics, No Sustainable BusinessAn Interview with Professor Stefan Heinemann The 2023 WEEF Index Filter SoftwareDesign Tools for Analog Filters TV-B-Gone!... Or At Least B-OFF RP2040-Based Air Quality Measurement elekterminal Kickstart to Python 3Sample Chapter: Digital Image Processing and Wand Library SOLARPUNKA Brighter Future Ahead Hexadoku

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PCBite is the complete solution handling your circuit board during the development phase. Powerful magnets together with a stainless base plate makes the system flexible, mobile and user friendly. The holder can easily be repositioned to handle circuit boards of varying shape and sizes. The probes are steady but yet flexible made for instant measurements or total hands-free operations together with your multimeter or prefered tool. Included 4x PCBite holder 2x Banana to DuPont test wires red/black 2x SP10 probe with red/black probe head and pin tipped test needles 2x Extra crown tipped test needle 1x Set of yellow insulation washers 1x Large Baseplate (A4) 1x Microfiber cloth Downloads User Guide

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