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A Hands-on Guide to Crafting Your Own Power Plant The book you are about to read provides a step-by-step guide for building a renewable energy power plant at home. Our goal was to make the book as practical as possible. The material is intended for immediate application with a small amount of theory. Yet, the theory is important as a foundation that saves time and effort by disabusing the readers of potential misconceptions. Specifically, upon having a firm understanding of photovoltaic physics, you will not be inclined to fruitlessly search for 90% efficient solar panels! We want our readers to be the “doers”. If the book gets covered in grime and some pages become torn while you are building your power plant – this is the best compliment to us. The book covers solar and wind energy. Also, a curious power source based on manure is discussed as well, giving the doers an opportunity to further develop the manure fuel cell. It is important to note that there are many companies offering installation of complete solar solutions. Upon installing the panels, the system is not owned by the customer. Therefore, there is no freedom for experimentation and optimization. Also, none can beat the cost of a DIY solution as well as the ultimate satisfaction. All that is written here is a result of us building a renewable energy solution in Southern California. As the book was completed, the energy began flowing!

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The OWON XSA815-TG (9 kHz-1.5 GHz) is a cost effective spectrum analyzer with tracking generator included and a frequency resolutions of 1 Hz. Features Frequency Range from 9 kHz to 1.500009 GHz 9-inch display 9 kHz to 1 MHz -95 dBm Displayed Average Noise Level, 1 MHz to 500 MHz 140 dBm (Typical), <-130 dBm Phase Noise -10 kHz <-80 dBc/Hz 100 kHz <-100 dBc/Hz 1 MHz <-115 dBc/Hz Resolution Bandwidth (-3 dB): 1 Hz to 1 MHz, in 1-3-5-10 sequence Tracking Generator Kit: 100 kHz to 1.500009 GHz Specifications Frequency Range 9 kHz to 500.009 MHz Frequency Resolution 1 Hz Frequency Span 9 kHz to 1.500009 GHz Span Range 0 Hz, 100 Hz to max frequency of instrument Span Uncertainty ±span / (sweep points-1) SSB Phase Noise (20°C to 30°C, fc=1 GHz) Carrier Offset 10 kHz <-80 dBc/Hz | 100 kHz <-100 dBc/Hz | 1 MHz <-115 dBc/Hz Resolution Bandwidth (-3 dB) 1 Hz to 1 MHz, in 1-3-5-10 sequence RBW Accuracy <5% typical Resolution Filter Shape Factor (60 dB: 3 dB) <5 typical Video Bandwidth (-3 dB) 10 Hz to 1 MHz, in 1-3-5-10 sequence Amplitude measurement range DANL to +10 dBm, 100 kHz to 10 MHz, Preamp Off DANL to +20 dBm, 10 MHz to 1.5 GHz, Preamp Off Reference Level -80 dBm to +30 dBm, 0.01dB by step Preamp 20 dB, nominal, 100 kHz to 1.5 GHz Input Attenuator 0 to 40 dB, 1 dB by step Display Average Noise Level Input attenuation = 0 dB, RBW = VBW = 100 Hz, sample detector, trace average ≥ 50, 20°C to 30°C, input impedance = 50 Ω) Preamp Off 9 kHz to 1 MHz -95 dBm (Typical), <-88 dBm Preamp Off 1 MHz to 500 MHz -140 dBm (Typical), <-130 dBm Preamp On 100 kHz to 1 MHz -135 dBm (Typical), <-128 dBm Preamp On 1 MHz to 500 MHz -160 dBm (Typical),<-150 dBm Tracking Generator (optional) Frequency Range 100 kHz to 1.500009 GHz Output power level range -40 dBm to 0 dBm Output level resolution 1 dB Output flatness Relative to 50 MHz | ±3 dB Tracking generator spurious Harmonic spurious -30 dBc (Tracking generator output power -10 dBm) Non-harmonic spurious -40 dBc (Tracking generator output power -10 dBm) Tracking generator to input terminal isolation -60 dB (Tracking generator output power 0 dBm) Tracking generator to input terminal isolation -60 dB (Tracking generator output power 0 dBm) Tracking generator to input terminal isolation -60 dB (Tracking generator output power 0 dBm) Dimensions 375 x 185 x 120 mm Weight 3.7 kg Included 1x XSA815-TG 1x 220 V AC power cord 1x USB Cable 1x Quickstart guide Downloads Quick Guide Specifications

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SIGLENT’s SDS1000X-E Series Super Phosphor Oscilloscope is available in one bandwidth, 200 MHz. It has a maximum sample rate of 1 GSa/s and a standard record length of 1 Mpts. For ease-of-use, the most commonly used functions can be accessed with its user-friendly front panel design. The SDS1000X-E series employs a new generation of SPO (Super Phosphor Oscilloscope) technology that provides excellent signal fidelity and performance. The system noise is also lower than similar products in the industry. It comes with a minimum vertical input range of 500 uV/div, an innovative digital trigger system with high sensitivity and low jitter, and a waveform capture rate of 400,000 frames/ sec (sequence mode). The SDS1000X-E also employs a 256-level intensity grading display function and a color temperature display mode not found in other models in this class. Siglent’s latest oscilloscopes offering supportsmultiple powerful triggering modes including serial bus triggering. Decoding is standard configuration including IIC,SPI,UART,CAN,LIN. History waveform recording and sequential triggering enable extended waveform recording and analysis. Another powerful addition is the new 1 million points FFT math function that gives the SDS1000X-E very high frequency resolution when observing signal spectra. The new design also includes a hardware co-processor that delivers measurements quickly and accurately. The features and performance of Siglent’s new SDS1000X-E cannot be matched anywhere else in this price class. Specifications Bandwidth 200 MHz Channels 2CH+1EXT Real time sampling rate 1 GSa/s Memory depth 7 Mpts/CH (Dual-Channel); 14 Mpts/CH (Single-Channel) Waveform Capture Rate (Max.) 100,000 wfm/s (normal mode); 400,000 wfm/s (sequence mode) Serial Trigger (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART/RS232, CAN, LIN Decode Type (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART/RS232, CAN, LIN Trigger Type Edge, Slope, Pulse Width, Window, Runt, Interval, Dropout, Pattern, Video Probe (Std) 2 pcs passive probe PP215 Display 7 inch TFT-LCD (800x480) Weight Without package 2.5 kg; with package 3.5 kg Downloads Datasheet Manual Programming Guide

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High-quality soldering with the most important tools and consumables, ideal for universal soldering applications. Features Power unit, 1 channel 1-channel Soldering Station digital 90 W (95 W) WTP 90: The soldering iron for universal use with power response tips. Tip family XNT & THM (high mass tips) Lock function Specifications Dimensions W x D x H (mm): 149 x 138 x 101 Dimensions W x D x H (inch): 5.87 x 5.43 x 3.98 Weight (ca) in kg: 1.9 Channels: 1 Voltage: 230 V, 50/60 Hz Heating output: 90 W (95 W) Temperature accuracy °C: ±9 Display: Backlit LCD Temperature range: Adjustable from 50°C - 450°C (150°F - 850°C)Adjustable temperature range varies among tools Temperature stability °C: ±2 Temperature accuracy °F: ±17 Temperature stability °F: ±4 Temperature range (depends on tool) °C: 100-450 Temperature range (depends on tool) °F: 150-850 Equipotential balance: yes Fuse: 0,5 A WT compatible: yes ESD-safe: yes Power cord: EMEA

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The QAV250 Kit is the perfect way to get started developing on either PX4 or Ardupilot. It pairs a carbon fiber 250 racing frame and essential electronics with Pixhawk 6C mini autopilot. The kit is easy to assemble. No soldering needed. Specifications Micro Power Module (PM06 v2) Motors: 2207 KV1950 Wheelbase: 250 mm Dimensions: 198 x 235 x 70 mm Weight: 347 g Included Carbon fiber 250 airframe with hardware Micro Power Module (PM06 v2) Motors: 2207 KV1950 5' Plastic Props Fully assembled Power Management Board with ESCs (BLHeli S ESC 20A) Battery Straps Note: LiPo battery is not included.

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The BB830T is a solderless (plug-in) transparent breadboard with 830 connection tie-points (i.e. 830 wire insertion holes). It has 4 power rails. Solderless breadboards are great for building and testing new circuits because parts can be easily inserted and removed. They are completely re-usable. The BB830T has a 630 tie-point IC-circuit area plus four 50 tie-point power rails. Specifications 830 tie points total: 630 tie-point IC-circuit area plus two 100 tie-point distribution strips providing 4 power rails. ABS plastic/transparent body with black printed legend. Color legend on distribution strips. Contacts are Phosphor Bronze with Plated Nickel Finish, rated for 50,000 insertions. Rated at 36 Volts, 2 Amps. Insertion Wire Size is 21 to 26 AWG, 0.016 to 0.028 inches diameter (0.4 to 0.7mm diameter). Peelable adhesive tape backing provided for attaching to a surface. Metal back plate provided.

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Mikrocontroller haben sich in den letzten Jahren in praktisch allen Bereichen der modernen Technik etabliert. In zunehmendem Maße dringen sie auch in die Gebiete der Künstlichen Intelligenz und der Robotertechnik vor. Das vorliegende Buch gibt eine umfassende Einführung in die Welt der Controller-Technik mit all ihren Facetten, von der einfachen Steuerung über die Sensor-Technik bis hin zur Datenübertragung in das Internet. Als Basis dafür dient das von Elektor entwickelte AVR-Playground-Board. Das Board kann mit Controllern der ATmega-Familie bestückt werden und ist mit dem bekannten Arduino-System kompatibel, so dass auch die verschiedenen Arduino-Hardware-Erweiterungen verwendet werden können. Für die Programmierung kommt die Sprache „C“ zum Einsatz. Auch hier wird im Buch auf das Arduino-System zurückgegriffen. Die frei verfügbare Arduino-Entwicklungsumgebung erlaubt den leichten Einstieg, ohne dass später Einschränkungen in Kauf genommen werden müssen. Die Hardware-nahe Programmierung steht dabei besonders im Fokus. Nach der Erläuterung von grundlegenden Anwendungen wird auf die anspruchsvolleren Themen wie Interrupts, Timer und Counter, Pulsweitenmodulation und Analog-Digital-Wandlung eingegangen. Praktische Anwendungen können sowohl mit einem Arduino als auch mit dem AVR-Playground-Board durchgeführt werden. Da das AVR-Playground-Board bereits über eine Vielzahl von Peripherie-Einheiten verfügt, sind nur noch wenige externe Bauteile erforderlich. Das Board kann im Elektor-Shop hier bezogen werden.

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Recently, the development of a tiny chip called the ESP8266 has made it possible to interface any type of microcontroller to a Wi-Fi AP. The ESP8266 is a low-cost tiny Wi-Fi chip having fully built-in TCP/IP stack and a 32-bit microcontroller unit. This chip, produced by Shanghai based Chinese manufacturer Espressif System, is IEEE 802.11 b/g/n Wi-Fi compatible with on-chip program and data memory, and general purpose input-output ports. Several manufacturers have incorporated the ESP8266 chip in their hardware products (e.g. ESP-xx, NodeMCU etc) and offer these products as a means of connecting a microcontroller system such as the Android, PIC microcontroller or others to a Wi-Fi. The ESP8266 is a low-power chip and costs only a few Dollars. ESP8266 and MicroPython – Coding Cool Stuff is an introduction to the ESP8266 chip and describes the features of this chip and shows how various firmware and programming languages such as the MicroPython can be uploaded to the chip. The main aim of the book is to teach the readers how to use the MicroPython programming language on ESP8266 based hardware, especially on the NodeMCU. Several interesting and useful projects are given in the e-book (pdf) to show how to use the MicroPython in NodeMCU type ESP8266 hardware: Project “What shall I wear today?”: You will be developing a weather information system using a NodeMCU development board together with a Text-to-Speech processor module. Project “The Temperature and Humidity on the Cloud”: You will be developing a system that will get the ambient temperature and humidity using a sensor and then store this data on the cloud so that it can be accessed from anywhere. Project “Remote Web Based Control”: You will be developing a system that will remotely control two LEDs connected to a NodeMCU development board using an HTTP Web Server application.

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If you enjoy DIY electronics, projects, software and robots, you’ll find this book intellectually stimulating and immediately useful. With the right parts and a little guidance, you can build robot systems that suit your needs more than overpriced commercial systems can. 20 years ago, robots based on simple 8-bit processors and touch sensors were the norm. Now, it’s possible to build multi-core robots that can react to their surroundings with intelligence. Today’s robots combine sensor readings from accelerometers, gyroscopes and computer vision sensors to learn about their environments. They can respond using sophisticated control algorithms and they can process data both locally and in the cloud. This book, which covers the theory and best practices associated with advanced robot technologies, was written to help roboticists, whether amateur hobbyist or professional, take their designs to the next level. As will be seen, building advanced applications does not require extremely costly robot technology. All that is needed is simply the knowledge of which technologies are out there and how best to use each of them. Each chapter in this book will introduce one of these different technologies and discuss how best to use it in a robotics application. On the hardware side, we’ll cover microcontrollers, servos, and sensors, hopefully inspiring you to design your own awe-inspiring, next-generation systems. On the software side, we’ll cover programming languages, debugging, algorithms, and state machines. We’ll focus on the Arduino, the Parallax Propeller, Revolution Education PICAXE and projects I’ve with which I’ve been involved, including the TBot educational robot, the PropScope oscilloscope, the 12Blocks visual programming language, and the ViewPort development environment. In addition, we’ll serve up a comprehensive introduction to a variety of essential topics, including output (e.g. LEDs, servo motors), and communication technologies (e.g. infrared, audio), that you can use to develop systems that interact to stimuli and communicate with humans and other robots. To make these topics as accessible as possible, handy schematics, sample code and practical tips regarding building and debugging have been included. Hanno Sander Christchurch, New Zealand

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The SMD Starter I prototype production line consists of the stencil printer TSD240, the SMD placement device PlaceMAN and the reflow oven 3LHR10. Stencil printer SD240 (+ Metal Squeegee 155 mm) Stencil size: max. 175 x 255 mm PCB size: max. 180 x 240 mm Size: 410 x 270 x 110 mm Weight: 6.7 kg incl. metal squeegee 155 mm incl. 8 magnets to hold the PCB, 6 of them with M3 grub screw Manual SMD pick-and-place device PlaceMAN for standard components incl. vacuum pump (without feeders, camera, monitor and dispenser) Equipped with smooth-running placement arm, placement head with one-hand operation, rotation of the Z-axis and automatic vacuum switch-off, incl. PCB holder, vacuum unit and 2 placement needles with rubber suction cups. Capacity of feeder (not included) 2x feeder cassette for 10 x 8 mm wheels left 4x feeder cassette for rod feeders for 5 rods each Further feeding systems are possible within the assembly area, e.g. strip-feeder plug-in system Dimensions Base unit (LxWxH): 765 x 390 x 210 mm With feeder cassette for 10 x 8 mm rolls (LxWxH): 765 x 390 x 210 mm With feeder cassette for 10 x 8 mm rolls and feeder cassette for rod feeder (LxWxH): 765 x 430 x 210 mm (height may vary due to rod length) With feeder cassette for 10 x 8 mm rolls incl. holder for 10 rolls and feeder cassette for rod feeder (LxWxH): 765 x 430 x 210 mm (height may vary due to rod length) Specifications Weight of basic unit: approx. 6 kg Axis travel (x,y,z): 470 x 230 x 15 mm Max. working area: 380 x 240 mm Max. PCB size: 230 x 360 mm Power supply: 230/12 V, 800 mA Power supply vacuum pump: 230 V, 6 W 3LHR10 Reflow Oven (programmable for lead-free soldering with manual drawer and tablet control) Reflow oven with IR and convection heating. Forced hot air convection ensures a uniform temperature profile throughout the chamber. After manually opening the door, the fans are turned on and the soldered PCB is quickly cooled. Small reflow oven with manual door Industry 4.0 ready, Bluetooth communication + tablet IR + convection heating Android application to connect to tablet or smartphone 100 different user programs Delivery content: 3LHR10, tablet with app, protective cover for tablet, 4 PCB holders, external thermocouple, manual at tablet Application Connect the oven to the power supply and connect the optionally available extraction system (3LFE10S) to the exhaust air nozzle. After the first turn on, the oven will search for a tablet or smartphone. When both are connected to the Android app, choose the programming of the oven. Here, programmable temperature and preheating time as well as temperature and other data are to be set. Register with the tablet to use the full scope of the software. If the oven is already programmed, the user can control the operation with buttons and display at the front panel. When the reflow process is complete, an audible signal sounds. A signal is also displayed on the tablet/smartphone. The drawer must now be opened manually. The Android application displays process status, time and temperature or other information. Specifications Power supply: 230 V, 50 Hz Maximum power: 3100 W Temperatures: 50-260°C Dimensions: 510 x 370 x 340 mm Maximum weight: 16 kg Grid dimensions: 350 x 220 mm Maximum dimensions of the printed circuit board: 300 x 200 mm Maximum component height on the PCB: 50 mm at the top, 30 mm at the bottom Scope of delivery Stencil printer TSD240 SMD placement device PlaceMAN Reflow oven 3LHR10

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Features 4 1/2 bit resolution (20000 Counts) Data Logger Multimeter Thermometer True RMS test supported BLE 4.0 wireless transmission, more stable,less power consumption Build-in offline record function Chart and Diagram mode helps to analyze the data tendency Flashlight function lightens the darkness Support NCV non-contact voltage sense Widely supported on Android, iOS, Windows Included OWON OW18E Multimeter Quick Guide Multimeter Lead K-type Thermocouple Bolt Driver App Download The Bluetooth function of this multimeter is compatible with Android-app version 1.5.8.0 or newer. Use the QR code in the box or go to http://files.owon.com.cn/bluetooth.

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The Siglent SDM3045X is a 4½ digit digital (66000 counts, sampling rate 150 Sa/s) multimeter incorporating a dual-display and is especially well suited for the needs of high-precision, multifunction and automatic measurement. With its large 4.3" (10.9 cm) TFT color display (480x272 pixels), the menu navigation is very intuitive to use and very easy to read. Features Real 4½ digit (66000 counts) readings resolution Up to 150 rdgs/s measurement speed True-RMS AC Voltage and AC Current measuring 1 GB NAND flash size, mass storage configuration files and data files Built-in cold terminal compensation for thermocouple With easy, convenient and flexible PC software: EasyDMM Standard interface: USB Device, USB Host, LAN USB & LAN remote interfaces support common SCPI command set. Compatible with other popular DMMs on the market. Application Fields Research Laboratory Development Laboratory Detection and Maintenance Calibration Laboratory Automatic Production Test Measurement Functions DC Voltage: 600 mV – 1000 V DC Current: 600 μA – 10 A AC Voltage: True-RMS, 600 mV – 750 V AC Current: True-RMS, 60 mA – 10 A 2/4-Wire Resistance: 600 Ω – 100 MΩ Capacitance: 2 nF – 10000 μF Continuity Test: Range is fixed at 2 kΩ Diode Test: Adjustable range is 0-4 V Frequency Measurement: 20 Hz – 500 KHz Period Measurement: 2 μs – 0.05 s Temperature: Support for TC and RTD sensor Max, Min, Average, Standard Deviation, dBm/dB, Relative Measurement, Pass/Fail, Histogram, Trend Chart Specifications DC voltage 200 mV, 2 V, 20 V, 200 V, 1000 V DC current 200 μA, 2 mA, 20 mA, 200 mA, 2 A, 10 A AC voltage True-RMS, 200 mV, 2 V, 20 V, 200 V, 750 V AC current True-RMS, 20 mA, 200 mA, 2 A, 10 A 2/4-wire resistance 200 Ω, 2 K, 20 K, 200 K, 2 M, 10 M, 100 MΩ Capacitance 2 nF, 20 nF, 200 nF, 2 μF, 20 μF, 200 μF, 10000 μF Connectivity Test Range fixed 2 KΩ Diode test Range fixed 2 V Frequency 20 Hz ~ 1 MHz Period 1 μs ~ 0.05 s Temperature Support thermocouple, RTD temperature sensor Maximum input voltage 1000 V Configuration Interface USB Device, USB Host, LAN Included 1x Siglent SDM3065X Multimeter 2x Multimeter Probes 1x Power Cord 1x USB Cable 1x Quick Start Guide Downloads User Manual Datasheet Remote Manual Service Manual

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