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Your First Steps with an ESP32-C3 and the IoTA Wi-Fi Button and Relay IoT Cloud a la Arduino Dual Geiger-Müller Tube Arduino ShieldA High Sensitivity, Very Low-Power Radiation Sensor CO2 GuardA DIY Approach to Monitoring Air Quality MonkMakes Air Quality Kit for Raspberry PiMeasures Temperature and eCO2 Starting Out in ElectronicsWelcome to the Diode Tips & Tricks for Testing ComponentsNo Expensive Equipment Required Reducing the Power Consumption of Your Mole RepellerAn ATtiny13 Replaces a 555 Light Switch DeLuxA Solution for High-Precision Light-Controlled Switching The Challenges in Bringing IoT Solutions to MarketWorries Around Security, Scalability, and Competition Infographics 5-6/2022 Preferably Wired After AllTips for Developing a 1 Gbit/s Interface in an Industrial Environment Bringing Real-Time Object Detection to MCUs with Edge Impulse FOMO Traveling-Wave TubesPeculiar Parts, the Series Narrowband Internet of ThingsStandards, Coverage, Agreements, and Modules Dragino LPS8 Indoor GatewaySpeedy LoRaWAN Gateway Setup Explore ATtiny Microcontrollers Using C and Assembly LanguageSample Chapter: ATtiny I/O Ports Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates and Readers’ Letters LoRa GPS Tracker UpdateReceive and Show Location Using a Raspberry Pi Circuit Simulation with TINA Design Suite & TINACloudSample Chapter: Sinusoidal Oscillators From Life’s ExperienceAssembly Line Work The WinUI Graphics Framework for Windows AppsA Small Demo Application GUIs with PythonWorst GUI of the world Off-Grid Solar SystemsElectrical Energy Independent of the Mains Grid The 10-Year SmartphoneRenew Your Expectations HexadokuThe Original Elektorized Sudoku

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The uArm Swift Pro is a high quality robotic arm that can be used in a wide range of applications. The uArm Swift Pro was developed and optimized for use in education, which means that many packages are already available for open source platforms such as ROS. The uArm Swift Pro has a position repeatability of 0.2 mm and is also equipped with a stepper motor and a 12-bit encoder. These are just a few reasons that make the uArm Swift Pro an excellent choice for educational use. Another great feature is the 3D printing kit that converts the uArm Swift Pro into a 3D printer in less than 1 minute. The uArm supports the following development platforms/systems: UFACTORY SDK Arduino Python ROS GRABCAD OpenMV Smartphone App The smartphone app for iOS is already available in the App Store and enables easy control and monitoring of the robotic arm. The app for Android is in development and will be available soon. An example of the Machine Vision The following GIF shows the uArm in combination with the OpenMV Machine Vision Cam M7 and the facial recognition applications that can be implemented in MicroPython. Specifications Degrees of Freedom: 4 Repeatability: Up to 0.2 mm Payload: 500 g Working Range: 50-320 mm Positioning Speed: 100 m/s Position Feedback: 12-bit Encoder Dimensions: 150 x 140 x 281mm Weight: 2.2 kg Included UFactory uArm Swift Pro Body Bluetooth & Vacuum Gripper Downloads Datasheet

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The Seeed Studio RF Explorer 3G Combo is a handheld digital spectrum analyzer and an affordable tool for working across a wide range of popular frequency bands. It is based on a highly integrated frequency synthesizer and a double-balanced mixer, providing high performance, compact dimensions, low power consumption, and excellent value. Designed for both indoor and outdoor use, the RF Explorer 3G Combo can also be connected to a PC via a standard Mini-USB 2.0 connector for additional functionality. This model combines a WSUB1G base unit with an RFEMWSUB3G expansion module, supplied fully assembled and tested. It features two SMA connectors and includes two antennas: a dual-band 144/430 MHz telescopic antenna for sub-GHz frequencies and a helical whip antenna for the 2.4 GHz band. Additional frequency-specific antennas may be required for optimal performance in certain supported frequency ranges. This combination provides the wide frequency coverage of the WSUB3G module together with the high sensitivity and fast response of the WSUB1G unit in the commonly used sub-1 GHz frequency range. Features Pocket size and light weight Solid aluminum metal case Includes a transport EVA carry case for RF Explorer Spectrum Analyzer mode with Peak Max and Hold, Normal, Overwrite and Averaging modes Lifetime free firmware upgrades available, open to community requested features High capacity Lipo for 16+ hours of continuous run, rechargeable by USB Windows PC client Open Source Can be extended with internal Expansion Modules for additional band and functionality Wide band coverage to all popular RF frequencies, starting at 15 MHz and going up to 2.7 GHz. This includes very interesting frequency areas such as 2 m HAM radio, all VHF and UHF, FM radio, GPS, WiFi and WiMax, Bluetooth, etc. Firmware: RF Explorer 3G Combo is delivered with upgraded firmware v1.09. Note some of the features and operation accuracy will be improved in upcoming free firmware revisions. Specifications Battery Lithium Cells / Batteries contained in equipment UN3481 - PI967 Frequency band 15-2700 MHz Frequency span 112 KHz - 600 MHz Graphics LCD 128 x 64 pixels, great visibility outdoors PC Windows client Supports Windows (32 and 64 bits) Backlight For great indoor visibility 2 standard SMA 50 ohms connector, One for Sub-GHz wideband Nagoya NA-773 telescopic antenna included and another 2.4 GHz one for 15-2700 MHz band with helical antenna included. Amplitude resolution 0.5 dBm Dynamic range Left SMA port (WSUB1G) -115 dBm to 0 dBm Right SMA port (WSUB3G) -110 dBm to -10 dBm Absolute Max input power Left SMA port (WSUB1G) +5 dBm Right SMA port (WSUB3G) +30 dBm Average noise level (typical) -110 dBm Frequency stability and accuracy (typical) ±10 ppm Amplitude stability and accuracy (typical) ±6 dBm Frequency resolution 1 KHz Resolution bandwidth (RBW) Automatic 3 KHz to 600 KHz Weight 185 g Dimensions 113 x 70 x 25 mm Included Seeed Studio RF Explorer 3G Combo Spectrum Analyzer Nagoya NA-773 wideband telescopic antenna 2.4 GHz band antenna EVA Case Documentation For more info and to get started with your RF Explorer, visit the start page. For questions and support, please visit https://support.rf-explorer.com

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STmicroelectronics’ wireless IoT & wearable sensor development kit ‘SensorTile.box’ is a portable multi-sensor circuit board housed in a plastic box and developed by STMicroelectronics. It is equipped with a high-performance 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 processor with DSP and FPU, and various sensor modules, such as accelerometer, gyroscope, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, microphone, and so on. SensorTile.box is ready to use with wireless IoT and Bluetooth connectivity that can easily be used with an iOS or Android compatible smartphone, regardless of the level of expertise of the users. SensorTile.box is shipped with a long-life battery and all the user has to do is connect the battery to the circuit to start using the box. The SensorTile.box can be operated in three modes: Basic mode, Expert mode, and Pro mode. Basic mode is the easiest way of using the box since it is pre-loaded with demo apps and all the user has to do is choose the required apps and display or plot the measured data on a smartphone using an app called STE BLE Sensor. In Expert mode users can develop simple apps using a graphical wizard provided with the STE BLE Sensor. Pro mode is the most complex mode allowing users to develop programs and upload them to the SensorTile.box. This book is an introduction to the SensorTile.box and includes the following: Brief specifications of the SensorTile.box; description of how to install the STE BLE Sensor app on an iOS or Android compatible smartphone required to communicate with the box. Operation of the SensorTile.box in Basic mode is described in detail by going through all of the pre-loaded demo apps, explaining how to run these apps through a smartphone. An introduction to the Expert mode with many example apps developed and explained in detail enabling users to develop their own apps in this mode. Again, the STE BLE Sensor app is used on the smartphone to communicate with the SensorTile.box and to run the developed apps. The book then describes in detail how to upload the sensor data to the cloud. This is an important topic since it allows the sensor measurements to be accessed from anywhere with an Internet connection, at any time. Finally, Pro mode is described in detail where more experienced people can use the SensorTile.box to develop, debug, and test their own apps using the STM32 open development environment (STM32 ODE). The Chapter explains how to upload the developed firmware to the SensorTile.box using several methods. Additionally, the installation and use of the Unicleo-GUI package is described with reference to the SensorTile.box. This PC software package enables all of the SensorTile.box sensor measurements to be displayed or plotted in real time on the PC.

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A Practical Guide to AI, Python, and Hardware Projects Welcome to your BeagleY-AI journey! This compact, powerful, and affordable single-board computer is perfect for developers and hobbyists. With its dedicated 4 TOPS AI co-processor and a 1.4 GHz Quad-core Cortex-A53 CPU, the BeagleY-AI is equipped to handle both AI applications and real-time I/O tasks. Powered by the Texas Instruments AM67A processor, it offers DSPs, a 3D graphics unit, and video accelerators. Inside this handbook, you‘ll find over 50 hands-on projects that cover a wide range of topics—from basic circuits with LEDs and sensors to an AI-driven project. Each project is written in Python 3 and includes detailed explanations and full program listings to guide you. Whether you‘re a beginner or more advanced, you can follow these projects as they are or modify them to fit your own creative ideas. Here’s a glimpse of some exciting projects included in this handbook: Morse Code Exerciser with LED or BuzzerType a message and watch it come to life as an LED or buzzer translates your text into Morse code. Ultrasonic Distance MeasurementUse an ultrasonic sensor to measure distances and display the result in real time. Environmental Data Display & VisualizationCollect temperature, pressure, and humidity readings from the BME280 sensor, and display or plot them on a graphical interface. SPI – Voltmeter with ADCLearn how to measure voltage using an external ADC and display the results on your BeagleY-AI. GPS Coordinates DisplayTrack your location with a GPS module and view geographic coordinates on your screen. BeagleY-AI and Raspberry Pi 4 CommunicationDiscover how to make your BeagleY-AI and Raspberry Pi communicate over a serial link and exchange data. AI-Driven Object Detection with TensorFlow LiteSet up and run an object detection model using TensorFlow Lite on the BeagleY-AI platform, with complete hardware and software details provided.

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An Introduction to RISC-V RISC-V is an Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) that is both free and open. This means that the RISC-V ISA itself does not require a licensing fee, although individual implementations may do so. The RISC-V ISA is curated by a non-profit foundation with no commercial interest in products or services that use it, and it is possible for anyone to submit contributions to the RISC-V specifications. The RISC-V ISA is suitable for applications ranging from embedded microcontrollers to supercomputers. This book will first describe the 32-bit RISC-V ISA, including both the base instruction set as well as the majority of the currently-defined extensions. The book will then describe, in detail, an open-source implementation of the ISA that is intended for embedded control applications. This implementation includes the base instruction set as well as a number of standard extensions. After the description of the CPU design is complete the design is expanded to include memory and some simple I/O. The resulting microcontroller will then be implemented in an affordable FPGA development board (available from Elektor) along with a simple software application so that the reader can investigate the finished design.

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Measuring Does Not Have to be Expensive Low-Cost Audio TesterUsing PC-Based Software and a USB Audio Interface AC Grid Frequency MeterMonitor Mains Frequency and Voltage A Modest Inductance MeterAn Affordable Solution for Your Workbench Acoustic Wave HoveringA Look at the Makerfabs Acoustic Levitation Kit Starting Out in ElectronicsRectifiers E-FFWD: Looking Ahead Again! Get Started With Your OscilloscopeFind Your Way Through the Knobs and Buttons Raspberry Pi Pico Makes an MSF-SDRDecode a Time Signal with a Pi Pico SDR Moisture Sensors for Watering SystemsAutomatic Watering Disruption in Test and Measurement EquipmentInnovation from the Smaller Players Infographics 7-8/2022 Inspiration, That’s What It’s All AboutInterview with Entrepreneur Walter Arkesteijn, InnoFaith Beauty Sciences Minimizing EMC Interference from Storage Chokes GUIs with Python (Part 5)Tic-Tac-Toe Reed RelaysPeculiar Parts, the series Simple Analog ESR Meter With Moving-Coil Meter Precision Sigfox CO2 Traffic LightNo Wi-Fi Network Needed! Women in Tech“It's All About Merit Until Merit Has Tits” Low-Budget Tablet Oscilloscope ADS1013DGood Value for Money? Smart Plug TeardownWhich Ones Are Hacker-Friendly? Skin Impedance and Skin CapacitanceSmall Experiments From Life’s ExperienceNo Local Business Pokit Meter ReviewA Swiss army knife of test gear HexadokuThe Original Elektorized Sudoku

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. AI Tools for Hardware PrototypingWhat Helps, What Does Not, and Where the Engineer Still Has to Sit ZSWatch — From Idea to ProductPart 1: A Completely Open Smartwatch Three-Way Tone ControlHigh-End — For That Little Bit Extra electronica Fast Forward 202610 Years of Innovation Microcontroller PrototypingAn Overview of Popular Boards Prototyping BreadboardsPeculiar Parts, the Series Designing for OrbitA Maker’s Guide to COTS Selection, Radiation Resilience, and Mission Architecture Thermal Management for Reliable ElectronicsWhen Every Degree Counts From Concept to GadgetBuilding Embedded Systems That Ship Understanding the EU Cyber Resilience ActWhat the CRA Demands and How to Meet It: A Guide for Embedded Engineers Lusight: Printed Displays You Can Reveal with Your PhoneDiscover What Is Inside the Badge on the Cover of Elektor’s electronica Edition Teaching a Robot Arm to See and MoveAI-Driven Manipulation Using a 3D-Printed Robot Loop Antenna with RF BricksPart 2: Signal Processing From Prototype to ProductionPractical Lessons from the Elektor Community Project UpdatesFeedback, Ideas, Corrections Handheld Audio GeneratorA Reference Signal Source for Quick Audio Systems Setup AudiotronicsMore Distortion, and a Level-Matching Amplifier 2026: An AI OdysseyWhen AI Starts Building AI Wireless Workshop (2)Radio Modules Unlocked: 2.4-GHz nRF24L01P Transceiver The Digital Path Building an Open-Source SmartwatchDaniel Kampert on ZSWatch, Open Hardware, and Engineering Trade-Offs How to Prepare for Professional SMD Assembly Engineering Beyond the BenchSystem Integration, Troubleshooting, and Real-World Testing Elektor at 65Projects from Novembers and Decembers Past Avionics Instrument SimulatorESP32-S3-Based, with Round HMI Display

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Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit! Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken! DIY-SolarakkusÜber den Selbstbau von Energiespeichern für Solaranlagen Solarmodul-SimulatorFür Test und Optimierung von MPP-Trackern und Invertern Der STM32-Edge-KI-WettbewerbEntdecken Sie den neuen STM32N6 und nehmen Sie am Wettbewerb um 5.000 € teil! Erweiterung der BandlückeWarum gibt es so viel Interesse an SiC und GaN? Power-Bank für NotebooksVerlängern Sie das Leben Ihres alten Laptops! Medizinische RoboterÜberwindung technischer und regulatorischer Hürden Frostwächter für ObstpflanzenMit Temperatur-Datenlogger Das analoge DingDer Arduino des Analog-Computings? Sparsames NetzrelaisMit über 90% Leistungsreduzierung Verbesserung der DC-Last ET5410A+Keep cool and be quiet! electronica 2024 im Rückblick Elektromagnetische VerträglichkeitEMV kurz und bündig! Aller Anfang......muss nicht schwer sein: Aktive Filter Verlustleistung reduzieren mit AbleitkondensatorenEin cleverer Einsatz von kapazitiver Reaktanz Preiswerter 12-Bit-Digital-Analog-Wandler MCP4725Mit EEPROM-Feature für sicheres Einschaltverhalten Fnirsi LCR-ST1, die intelligente LCR-SMD-Pinzette Test- und Messlabor mit Raspberry PiDas Wichtigste zuerst: Der ADC Elektronischer LastwiderstandEin Projekt aus der Kiste 2025: Eine Odyssee in die KIEinige Projekte für das neue Jahr Projekt-Update: Modulares DC-Leistungsmessgerät AmpVolt v2.0100 Ampere und mehr! Projekt 2.0 Ethische Transparenz sichtbar gemachtErgebnisse der Umfrage 2024 von Ethics in Electronics Elektor Audio-DSP FX-Prozessor-BoardTeil 2: Anwendungen erstellen

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Highlights Output Frequency (Sine): 50 MHz Output Frequency (Square): 15 MHz Channels: 2 Arbitrary Waveform Length: 16 Mpts Features Unique SiFi II (Signal Fidelity II) technology: generate the arbitrary waveforms point by point; recover the signal without distortion; sample rate accurate and adjustable; jitter of all the output waveforms (including Sine, Pulse, etc.) as low as 200 ps 16 Mpts memory depth per channel for arbitrary waveforms Standard dual-channel with the same performance, equivalent to two independent signal sources High frequency stability: ±1 ppm; low phase noise: -105 dBc/Hz Built-in high-order harmonic generator (at most 8-order harmonics) Built-in 7 digits/s, 240 MHz bandwidth full featured frequency counter Up to 160 built-in arbitrary waveforms, covering the common signals in engineering application, medical electronics, auto electronics, math processing, and other various fields Sample rate up to 250 MSa/s, vertical resolution 16 bits Arbitrary waveform sequence editing function available; arbitrary waveforms also can be generated through the PC software Various analog and digital modulation functions: AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, PSK, and PWM. Standard waveform combine function, capable of outputting specified waveforms combined with the basic waveforms Standard channel tracking function, when enabled, all the parameters of both channels are updated based on users' configurations Standard interface: USB Host&Device and LAN (LXI Core 2011 Device); USB-GPIB function supported 4.3'' TFT Included 1x Rigol DG2052 Function/Arbitrary Waveform Generator 1x Power cord 1x USB cable

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The Siglent SPD4121X is a 4-channel DC Linear Programmable Power Supply equipped with a 4.3-inch TFT-LCD display, friendly human-machine interface, and excellent performance indicators. Real-time waveform display provides engineers with an informative user interface. SPD4121X offers a total output power of 285 W with a resolution of 1 mV/1 mA. The maximum voltage and current for each channel are as follows: CH1: 15 V/1.5 A CH2: 12 V/10 A CH3: 12 V/10 A CH4: 15 V/1.5 A Features Rated output power: 285 W Rated voltage: 32 V, 12 V, 30 V Up to four high-precision power supplies with independent controllable outputs, supporting CH2 and CH3 series and parallel connections Clear graphical interface with waveform and timer display modes 5-digit voltage and current display with minimum resolution of 1 mV, 1 mA Fast output response time: <50us The high current channel support remote voltage compensation sense function. The maximum compensation voltage is 0.6 V Overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection or safe and accurate operation Equipped with a 4.3-inch TFT-LCD display (480 x 272 resolution) USB and LAN standard communication USB-GPIB module is optional Excellent channel density with up to 4 channels in a 3U half rack package Internal data storage for setups and parameters Embedded Web Server with instrument communication that doesn’t require software installation Fully SCPI programming command set support as well as a LabView driver for remote control and system automation Specifications SPD4323X SPD4121X SPD4306X Channel Output CH1: Voltage 0 to 6 V Current 0 to 3.2 ACH2: Voltage 0 to 32 V Current 0 to 3.2 ACH3: Voltage 0 to 32 V Current 0 to 3.2 ACH4: Voltage 0 to 6 V Current 0 to 3.2 A CH1: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1.5 ACH2: Voltage 0 to 12 V Current 0 to 10 ACH3: Voltage 0 to 12 V Current 0 to 10 ACH4: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1.5 A CH1: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1.5 ACH2: Voltage 0 to 30 V Current 0 to 6 ACH3: Voltage 0 to 30 V Current 0 to 6 ACH4: Voltage 0 to 15 V Current 0 to 1 A Resolution 1 mV, 1 mA 1 mV, 1 mA 1 mV, 1 mA Setting Accuracy Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Readback Accuracy Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Voltage: ±(0.03% of reading+10) mV, Current: ±(0.3% of reading+10) mA Display 4.3" TFT-LCD 5-digit voltage and current display 4.3" TFT-LCD 5-digit voltage and current display 4.3" TFT-LCD 5-digit voltage and current display Output power 240 W 285 W 400 W Included 1x Siglent SPD4121X Power Supply 1x Power cord (EU) 1x Output test cord (3 A) 1x USB cable 1x Quick start guide Downloads Datasheet Manual Quick start

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Programming the Finite State Machine with 8-Bit PICs in Assembly and C Andrew Pratt provides a detailed introduction to programming PIC microcontrollers, as well as a thorough overview of the Finite State Machine (FSM) approach to programming. Most of the book uses assembly programming, but do not be deterred. The FSM gives a structure to a program, making it easy to plan, write, and modify. The last two chapters introduce programming in C, so you can make a direct comparison between the two techniques. The book references the relevant parts of the Microchip datasheet as familiarity with it is the best way to discover detailed information. This book is aimed at Microsoft Windows and Linux users. To keep your costs to a minimum and to simplify the toolchain, specific applications are provided as a free download to enable you to use an FTDI serial lead as the programmer. The assembler used is the open-source "gpasm". All programming can be done in a text editor. There are detailed instructions on how to perform the necessary installations on Windows, Linux Debian, and derivatives such as Ubuntu and Fedora. For programming in C, Microchip's XC8 compiler is used from the command line. In addition to the programming applications, two serial read and serial write applications can be used for communicating with the PICs from a computer. A voltmeter project including practical instructions on building a circuit board from scratch is included. All theory is covered beforehand, including how to do integer arithmetic in assembly. Two PICs are covered: the PIC12F1822 and the PIC16F1823. Both can run at 32 MHz with an internal oscillator. You do not need to buy a factory-made development board and programmer. With relatively inexpensive parts including a serial lead, microcontroller, a few resistors, and LEDs, you can get started exploring embedded programming. Links Updated Programmer

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