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Programming and Projects for the Minima and WiFi Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Eleven years later, the long-overdue successor, the Arduino Uno R4, was released. It is built around a 48 MHz, 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller and provides significantly expanded SRAM and Flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The Uno R4 board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface. Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate. The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, including LEDs 7-segment displays (using timer interrupts) LCDs Sensors RFID Reader 4x4 Keypad Real-time clock (RTC) Joystick 8×8 LED matrix Motors DAC (Digital-to-analog converter) LED matrix WiFi connectivity Serial UART CAN bus Infrared controller and receiver Simulators … all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail.

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Für viele Audiopuristen sind Röhrenverstärker noch immer – oder wieder erneut – das Nonplusultra in der Audioverstärkertechnik überhaupt. Gutes Aussehen gepaart mit einem unübertroffenen Klangerlebnis – so die Meinung vieler Audiofreaks – sind hierfür ausschlaggebend. Tatsächlich erleben seit vielen Jahren die "totgesagten Röhren" eine für viele unerwartete Renaissance; das gilt im professionellen als auch im Hobbybereich. Die Kombination von klassischer Technik mit modernen Komponenten haben zur Wiederbelebung der Röhrenverstärker beigetragen; so auch der durch den Autor entwickelte "Ringkern-Ausgangstransformator". Über das Wie und Warum solcher Ausgangsübertrager gibt das Buch ausreichend Auskunft. Dazu zählen Begriffserläuterungen und auch die genaue technische Funktionsbeschreibung in Zusammenarbeit zwischen Röhren, Ausgangstransformator und Lautsprecher. Schließlich folgen noch komplette Baubeschreibungen: vom einfachen 10-W- bis zum Highend-100-W-Röhrenverstärker. Dieses E-Buch beschreibt innovative Lösungen für eine perfekte Audioqualität. Sowohl der Pragmatiker, der sein Gerät selbst baut, wie auch der Theoretiker, den die Komplexität von Transformatoren, Röhrenverstärkern und die Verarbeitung von Audiosignalen interessiert, finden Gefallen an diesem Buch.

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Raspberry Pi (Neuauflage) | E-book

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Practical Low-Cost Methods for Reliable PCB Production This book explains how to carry out reliable SMD assembly using affordable tools and small-scale equipment. It follows the complete workflow step by step, including tool selection, solder paste handling, stencil use, component placement, reflow methods, inspection, and rework. The focus is on bench-level and small-lab production rather than industrial assembly lines. It shows practical methods for building single and double-sided SMD boards with repeatable results. Topics include solder paste and flux, temperature profiles, hot air and hotplate techniques, small reflow ovens, inspection methods, and defect correction. Checklists and example workflows are included to help reduce errors and improve consistency. Key features: Tools and supplies for SMD assembly and rework Solder paste types, storage, and handling Stencils and paste application methods Pick and place workflow and component orientation Temperature profiles and reflow methods Hot air, hotplate, and reflow oven processes Inspection and quality control Common defects such as tombstoning and solder bridges Practical rework and component replacement Bench-level professional workflows and checklists This book is designed as a practical bench reference for anyone who wants to assemble and troubleshoot their own SMD boards with reliable results.

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Practical Multitasking Fundamentals Programming embedded systems is difficult because of resource constraints and limited debugging facilities. Why develop your own Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) as well as your application when the proven FreeRTOS software is freely available? Why not start with a validated foundation? Every software developer knows that you must divide a difficult problem into smaller ones to conquer it. Using separate preemptive tasks and FreeRTOS communication mechanisms, a clean separation of functions is achieved within the entire application. This results in safe and maintainable designs. Practicing engineers and students alike can use this book and the ESP32 Arduino environment to wade into FreeRTOS concepts at a comfortable pace. The well-organized text enables you to master each concept before starting the next chapter. Practical breadboard experiments and schematics are included to bring the lessons home. Experience is the best teacher. Each chapter includes exercises to test your knowledge. The coverage of the FreeRTOS Application Programming Interface (API) is complete for the ESP32 Arduino environment. You can apply what you learn to other FreeRTOS environments, including Espressif’s ESP-IDF. The source code is available from GitHub. All of these resources put you in the driver’s seat when it is time to develop your next uber-cool ESP32 project. What you will learn: How preemptive scheduling works within FreeRTOS The Arduino startup “loopTask” Message queues FreeRTOS timers and the IDLE task The semaphore, mutex, and their differences The mailbox and its application Real-time task priorities and its effect Interrupt interaction and use with FreeRTOS Queue sets Notifying tasks with events Event groups Critical sections Task local storage The gatekeeper task

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Ready-to-use devices and self-built Arduino nodes in the 'The Things Network' LoRaWAN has developed excellently as a communication solution in the IoT. The Things Network (TTN) has contributed to this. The Things Network was upgraded to The Things Stack Community Edition (TTS (CE)). The TTN V2 clusters were closed towards the end of 2021. This book shows you the necessary steps to operate LoRaWAN nodes using TTS (CE) and maybe extend the network of gateways with an own gateway. Meanwhile, there are even LoRaWAN gateways suitable for mobile use with which you can connect to the TTN server via your cell phone. The author presents several commercial LoRaWAN nodes and new, low-cost and battery-powered hardware for building autonomous LoRaWAN nodes. Registering LoRaWAN nodes and gateways in the TTS (CE), providing the collected data via MQTT and visualization via Node-RED, Cayenne, Thingspeak, and Datacake enable complex IoT projects and completely new applications at very low cost. This book will enable you to provide and visualize data collected with battery-powered sensors (LoRaWAN nodes) wirelessly on the Internet. You will learn the basics for smart city and IoT applications that enable, for example, the measurement of air quality, water levels, snow depths, the determination of free parking spaces (smart parking), and the intelligent control of street lighting (smart lighting), among others.

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RFID (DE) | E-book

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Das Programmpaket Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (oder kurz LabVIEW) ist ein international anerkannter Standard zur Entwicklung und Gestaltung von Messgeräten und Prozesssteueroberflächen. Seine Universalität konfrontiert den LabVIEW-Einsteiger allerdings mit einer unübersichtlichen Vielfalt von Funktionen, die er ohne fundierte Anleitung kaum überblicken kann. Hier setzt diese neue mehrteilige Lehrbuchreihe an: Von Grund auf werden in einfach nachvollziehbaren Schritten der Aufbau, die Struktur und die Verwendung von LabVIEW erklärt, in praktischen Beispielen dargestellt und mit Übungen vertieft. Die notwendigen Vorkenntnisse sind äußerst gering, die erreichbaren Ergebnisse dagegen äußerst sehenswert. Der erste Band erläutert die Grunddatentypen und die zugehörigen numerischen Grundfunktionen ebenso ausführlich wie die elementaren Programmstrukturen. Im folgenden Band liegt der Schwerpunkt bei der Kopplung beliebiger Mikrocontrollersysteme über die serielle (USB-)Schnittstelle an den PC und an LabVIEW. Im dritten Band stehen Entwurf und Betrieb kompletter MSR-Systeme mit Hard- und Softwarekomponenten der wichtigsten Messtechnikhersteller im Vordergrund, einschließlich Fernsteuerung, -überwachung und -diagnose über das Internet oder WLAN-Systeme. Diese Lehrbuchreihe richtet sich an Schüler/Auszubildende technischer Bildungseinrichtungen, an Studenten von Fachhochschulen/Universitäten und an den engagierten Praktiker in der Industrie oder im privaten Bereich.

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Over 45 Builds for the Legendary 555 Chip (and the 556, 558) The 555 timer IC, originally introduced by the Signetics Corporation around 1971, is sure to rank high among the most popular analog integrated circuits ever produced. Originally called the IC Time Machine, this chip has been used in many timer-related projects by countless people over decades. This book is all about designing projects based on the 555 timer IC. Over 45 fully tested and documented projects are presented. All projects have been fully tested by the author by constructing them individually on a breadboard. You are not expected to have any programming experiences for constructing or using the projects given in the book. However, it’s definitely useful to have some knowledge of basic electronics and the use of a breadboard for constructing and testing electronic circuits. Some of the projects in the book are: Alternately Flashing Two LEDs Changing LED Flashing Rate Touch Sensor On/Off Switch Switch On/Off Delay Light-Dependent Sound Dark/Light Switch Tone Burst Generator Long Duration Timer Chasing LEDs LED Roulette Game Traffic Lights Continuity Tester Electronic Lock Switch Contact Debouncing Toy Electronic Organ Multiple Sensor Alarm System Metronome Voltage Multipliers Electronic Dice 7-Segment Display Counter Motor Control 7-Segment Display Dice Electronic Siren Various Other Projects The projects given in the book can be modified or expanded by you for your very own applications. Electronic engineering students, people engaged in designing small electronic circuits, and electronic hobbyists should find the projects in the book instructive, fun, interesting, and useful.

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PIC-Mikrocontroller (E-book)

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From Simple Ciphers to Secure Systems Understanding how to apply cryptography on modern microcontrollers is essential for building secure, reliable, and trustworthy systems. This book explains cryptography in the context of embedded hardware, from classical ciphers that illustrate core principles to modern techniques such as AES for practical high-security applications. By combining mathematical theory with real-world microcontroller implementations, readers learn not only how cryptography works, but also how to implement it effectively on systems with limited processing power and memory. The book is intended for students starting out in cryptography, hobbyists securing personal projects, and engineers looking for a structured guide to embedded security. The book covers these key topics in applied cryptography: Classical ciphers on Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi Pico, with full programs: Spartan Scytale, Hebrew Atbash, Caesar, ROT13, Alberti Disk, Vigenère, Affine, Polybius, Playfair, Beaufort, Ottoman Codebook, and One-Time Pad. Hacking classical ciphers using microcontrollers, with examples. Pseudo-random (PRNG) and true random number generation (TRNG) on microcontrollers. Symmetric-key cryptography with full programs: DES and AES-128/256. Memory and speed constraints of cryptography on microcontrollers. Asymmetric cryptography: public/private keys, digital signatures, key distribution and derivation (KDF), RSA, and SHA-256 implementations. A complete secure communication program using RSA and AES-256. A glossary of commonly used cryptography terms.

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310 Schaltungen – das elfte Buch innerhalb der „Dreihunderter-Reihe“. 310 Schaltungen und neue Konzepte in einem Buch sind ein (fast) unerschöpflicher Fundus zu allen Bereichen der Elektronik: Audio & Video, Spiel & Hobby, Haus & Hof, Prozessor & Controller, Messen & Testen, PC & Peripherie, Stromversorgung & Ladetechnik sowie zu Themen, die sich nicht katalogisieren lassen. 310 Schaltungen – enthält viele komplette Problemlösungen, zumindest aber die Idee hierzu. Nicht zuletzt sind die 310 Schaltungen der Anstoß zu ganz neuen Überlegungen. 310 Schaltungen – sind eine Zusammenfassung der Beiträge aus den Halbleiterheften 2006 bis 2008. Die Halbleiterhefte sind die jährlichen Doppelausgaben Juli/August der Zeitschrift Elektor. 310 Schaltungen ist das Buch für alle, die kreativ mit der Elektronik umgehen; sei es im Beruf oder als Hobby.

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