Programmierung in Assembler und C am Beispiel der ATtiny-Familie
Dieses Buch bietet einen eingehenden Blick auf die 8-Bit-AVR-Architektur in ATtiny- und ATmega-Mikrocontrollern, hauptsächlich aus der Sicht der Software und der Programmierung. Erforschen Sie die AVR-Architektur unter Verwendung von C und Assembler in Microchip Studio (früher Atmel Studio) mit ATtiny-Mikrocontrollern.
Lernen Sie die Details der internen Funktionsweise von AVR-Mikrocontrollern kennen, einschließlich der internen Register und des Speicherplans von ATtiny-Bausteinen.
Programmieren Sie ATtiny-Mikrocontroller mit einem Atmel-ICE-Programmiergerät/Debugger oder verwenden Sie ein preiswertes Hobby-Programmiergerät oder sogar einen Arduino Uno als Programmiergerät.
Die meisten Code-Beispiele können mit dem Microchip Studio AVR-Simulator ausgeführt werden.
Lernen Sie, Programme für ATtiny-Mikrocontroller in Assembler zu schreiben.
Erfahren Sie, wie Assemblersprache in Maschinencodebefehle umgewandelt wird.
Finden Sie heraus, wie Programme, die in der Programmiersprache C geschrieben wurden, in Assemblersprache und schließlich in Maschinencode umgewandelt werden.
Verwenden Sie den Microchip Studio Debugger in Kombination mit einem Hardware-USB-Programmierer/Debugger, um Assembler- und C-Programme zu testen oder verwenden Sie den Microchip Studio AVR-Simulator.
ATtiny-Mikrocontroller im DIP-Gehäuse werden verwendet, um eine einfache Nutzung auf Breadboards zu ermöglichen.
Erfahren Sie mehr über Timing und Taktimpuls in AVR-Mikrocontrollern mit ATtiny-Bausteinen.
Werden Sie zu einem AVR-Experten mit fortgeschrittenen Debugging- und Programmierfähigkeiten.
This complete STM32 microcontroller programming course features a textbook, a component kit, hands-on projects, and a comprehensive online course. It is ideal for step-by-step learning of embedded systems programming with Arduino using a practical, hands-on approach.
A Practical Introduction to Embedded Systems with the STM32
This course is designed for people who are new to embedded systems and looking for a structured, example-driven way to get started. A kit of parts comprising LEDs and resistors, switches, sensors and actuators, displays, a breadboard and wires, and more is included. These are used in the course to illustrate example applications.
No prior experience with Arduino or embedded development is required. Each section features hands-on examples and mini projects designed to reinforce key concepts and inspire deeper exploration. By the end of the course, you’ll be able not only to reproduce the examples but also to build on them with your own ideas and applications.
What Will You Learn?
Microcontroller programming in C/C++ with the STM32 using the Arduino IDE
Working with Digital I/O, read buttons and encoders, control LEDs and relays
Read analog inputs, voltages, and analog sensors
Generating analog output signals and PWM
Use serial communication like UART, I²C and SPI to control displays and read digital sensors and SD cards
Managing time
Working with interrupts
Real-time sensor input and control via buttons, LEDs, and displays
Control actuators like relays and servo motors
Debug programs using breakpoints and stepping through code
Who Is It For?
Students and self-learners exploring embedded systems
Makers and IoT enthusiasts looking to improve their hardware skills
Educators and trainers seeking ready-to-teach material
What's Inside the Box?
Access to the full course on the Elektor Academy Pro Learning Platform
STM32 NUCLEO-F411RE microcontroller board
Book: Arduino for STM32
Downloadable project files for every module
Component Box:
2× LED, red, 5 mm
LED, green, 5 mm
3× Resistor, 470 Ω, 0.25 W
LDR
Potentiometer, 10 kΩ, linear
Pushbutton
Rotary encoder module
Relay module
DHT22 Humidity & Temperature Sensor
TM1637-compatible 4-digit 7-segment display
MPU-6050 IMU with headers
SSD1306-compatible I²C OLED display
Micro SD card adapter with header
Buzzer
SG90 Micro Servo
ILI9341-compatible SPI 240×320 TFT display
20× Jumper wires
Breadboard
Programming and Projects for the Minima and WiFi
Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Eleven years later, the long-overdue successor, the Arduino Uno R4, was released. It is built around a 48 MHz, 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller and provides significantly expanded SRAM and Flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The Uno R4 board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface.
Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate.
The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, including
LEDs
7-segment displays (using timer interrupts)
LCDs
Sensors
RFID Reader
4x4 Keypad
Real-time clock (RTC)
Joystick
8×8 LED matrix
Motors
DAC (Digital-to-analog converter)
LED matrix
WiFi connectivity
Serial UART
CAN bus
Infrared controller and receiver
Simulators
… all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail.
In dit boek gebruiken we JAL (Just Another Language) om de PIC-microcontroller te programmeren in 60 oefeningen. JAL is makkelijk in gebruik en is een goede basis om programmeren in andere talen snel te leren. Na het lezen en toepassen van de voorbeelden in dit boek kan iedereen die zich hierin serieus heeft verdiept met behulp van JAL zelf de microcontroller aansturen. Je leert onder meer het programmeren van timers, analoog/digitaal omzetters, comparators, pulsbreedte regeling voor motoren en geluid, LED- en LCD-scherm aansturing, USB-connectie en communicatiemogelijkheden met computers of andere microcontrollers.
Ook weet je aan het eind van het boek wat je moet doen om nu nog onbekende mogelijkheden te gaan toepassen. Met deze kennis kan iedereen van beginner tot meer gevorderde zijn creativiteit vorm geven in projecten met microcontrollers.
Wil je verder met leren programmeren dan legt dit boek ook een zeer goede basis. Wie goed met JAL overweg kan en zich de gestructureerde wijze van denken heeft aangeleerd, zal de stap naar andere programmeertalen zoals Python, C++ enz. kunnen maken. Ook het programmeren van minicomputers zoals de Raspberry Pi en Arduino zijn mogelijkheden.
Om te starten is geen kennis van elektronica nodig. Wie niets weet van elektronica, krijgt overal in het boek de noodzakelijke kennis aangereikt. Alle belangrijke en benodigde informatie staat in de tekst.
Pfiffige Lösungen mit Arduino Pro Mini und ATmega328-Boards
Mit einem einfachen Arduino Pro Mini Board und ein paar weiteren Bauteilen lassen sich heute für wenig Geld Projekte realisieren, die vor 20 oder 30 Jahren noch undenkbar waren oder ein kleines Vermögen gekostet hätten. Von einfachen LED-Effekten bis zur Ladestation – die den Akku auf Herz und Nieren prüft – ist in diesem Buch vieles dabei.
Als Mikrocontroller dient bei allen beschriebenen Projekten der ATmega328, der mit seinen 20 Ein- und Ausgangsleitungen unzählige Möglichkeiten zum Messen, Schalten und Steuern bietet. Mit einem 7-Segment-Display und ein paar Widerständen lässt sich daraus z. B. ein Voltmeter bauen oder mittels NTC ein Thermometer. Die Arduino-Plattform bietet dabei die perfekte Entwicklungsumgebung zum Programmieren der Boards.
Neben den ganz konkreten Projekten soll das Buch aber auch das nötige Wissen vermitteln, um eigene Ideen zu realisieren. Wie misst man was? Welches ist der geeignete Transistor, um verschiedene Verbraucher zu schalten? Wann ist man mit einem IC besser bedient, oder wie schaltet man Netzspannung? Auch batteriebetriebene Projekte mit LilyPad sind ausführlich thematisiert. Ebenso vielerlei Motoren, vom einfachen Gleichstrommotor bis zum Schrittmotor.
Sensoren sind ein weiteres spannendes Thema. Nur zwei Beispiele: Mit einem winzigen Bauteil lässt sich tatsächlich messen, dass der Luftdruck am Fußboden höher ist als auf Tischhöhe. Mit einem simplen Infrarot-Empfänger kann man ausgedienten Fernbedienungen ein zweites Leben schenken und die Wohnung damit steuern.
Le téléchargement intégral de ce numéro est disponible pour nos membres GOLD et GREEN sur le site Elektor Magazine !
Pas encore membre ? Cliquez ici.
adaptateur de mesure USBTest du courant et des signaux des ports USB
sortie boucle de courant 4-20 mA pour Arduino UnoUne interface de boucle de courant fiable et insensible aux interférences électromagnétiques
commande automatique pour aspirateurGardez votre établi propre
générateur DDS avec ATtiny
testeur d'ampli-op V2Nouveau circuit imprimé – désormais compatible avec les CMS
amplificateur audio à tube 550 mWson chaleureux des tubes à vide
surveillance des fusiblesavec une LED clignotante
préamplificateur RIAA HQExploitez tout le potentiel sonore de vos disques vinyles !
Outil de réglage pour platines vinylesGénérateur de lumière stroboscopique 100–120 Hz basé sur Arduino
Elektor Classics : ampli vidéo
gradateur à télécommande infrarougeContrôlez votre éclairage avec confort et précision
comment utiliser switch…case avec des chaînes de caractères en C++/EDI Arduino
détecteur d’aimantsAvec un simple capteur à effet Hall
bouton de mise sous tension intelligent pour Raspberry PiUne solution pour Raspberry Pi jusqu’au modèle 4
astuces clés pour makersDes conseils pros pour vos projets
projets pratiques avec le timer 555Commande de moteur CC et jeux de rapidité
moniteur de charge CA simpleÉconomisez de l'énergie grâce à un appareil simple
batteries externes en parallèleTrois jours d’autonomie
VFO jusqu’à 15 MHzRéalisation avec un Raspberry Pi Pico
accordeur de violon avec ATtiny202
Elektor Classics : ampli vidéo pour TV N&B
capacimètre20 pF à 600 nF
horloge quasi analogique Mk IIDeux anneaux LED pour les heures et les minutes
concevez sans limites(grâce à l’écosystème complet d’Arduino)
dé à lampes néon
Elektor Classics : indicateur d'accord RTTY
solutions matérielles inspirantes pour vos projets ESP
Elektor Classics : alimentation 3 A
LED RGB avec circuit de commande intégréLumière de précision : les ICLED établissent de nouvelles normes
expérience : un Thérémine analogico-numérique ?Combiner des capteurs numériques modernes avec l’intemporel générateur analogique XR2206
carte émetteur-récepteur audio ESP32 (1)Démo : lecture de fichiers WAV depuis une carte SD
infographies : Circuits et conception de circuits 2025
petit mixeur audioUne conception polyvalente et modulable
minuteur intelligent pour éclairage d’escalierÉconomisez encore plus sur votre facture d’énergie !
modernisez vos voletsContrôlez les systèmes Velux avec un ESP32 et MQTT
chauffe-pieds à transistorsConfort économe en énergie
le quadricoptère M5Stamp Fly est-il le prochain drone Tello ? (Revue)
optimiser la portée Wi-Fi de l’ESP32-C3 SuperMiniUne modification d’antenne simple et efficace
station de soudage à air chaud ZD-8968Un outil de travail économique ou uniquement de l'air chaud ?
testeur de radar de reculDétecter les pannes du système d’aide au stationnement d’un véhicule
This book is about DC electric motors and their use in Arduino and Raspberry Pi Zero W based projects. The book includes many tested and working projects where each project has the following sub-headings:
Title of the project
Description of the project
Block diagram
Circuit diagram
Project assembly
Complete program listing of the project
Full description of the program
The projects in the book cover the standard DC motors, stepper motors, servo motors, and mobile robots. The book is aimed at students, hobbyists, and anyone else interested in developing microcontroller based projects using the Arduino Uno or the Raspberry Pi Zero W.
One of the nice features of this book is that it gives complete projects for remote control of a mobile robot from a mobile phone, using the Arduino Uno as well as the Raspberry Pi Zero W development boards. These projects are developed using Wi-Fi as well as the Bluetooth connectivity with the mobile phone. Readers should be able to move a robot forward, reverse, turn left, or turn right by sending simple commands from a mobile phone. Full program listings of all the projects as well as the detailed program descriptions are given in the book. Users should be able to use the projects as they are presented, or modify them to suit to their own needs.
Open-Source-Code mit Arduino IDE und PlatformIO
Autonomes Fahren: GPS, Accelerometer, Gyroskop
PS3-Controller
Mikrocontroller wie der Arduino und Einplatinenrechner wie der Raspberry Pi haben sich zu beliebten Komponenten entwickelt. Dritter im Bunde ist der ESP32 der Firma Espressif. Mikrocontroller dieser Baureihe zeichnen sich durch eine Vielzahl implementierter Funktionen aus, die bei einem Arduino konventioneller Prägung mit einem Atmel-AVR-Mikrocontroller erst mit weiterer Hardware möglich sind. Prominentes Beispiel sind hier die WiFi- und Bluetooth-Funktionalitäten. Gegenüber einem Raspberry Pi zeichnen sie sich durch einen deutlich geringeren Preis aus.
Allgemeine Informationen für die Realisierung eines Roboterauto-Projekts mit dem ESP32 sind leicht zu finden. Dabei handelt es sich aber oft nur um Ausführungen zu einem Teilaspekt, ohne inhaltliche oder funktionale Abstimmung. So ist nicht nur die Beschaffung der benötigten Informationen mühselig und zeitaufwändig, sie kann auch außerordentlich fehlerträchtig sein.
Ansatzpunkt dieses Buches ist, diese Lücke zu schließen. Es geht auf verschiedene Möglichkeiten eines Chassis ein, vermittelt nötige Kenntnisse und führt schrittweise von einer einfachen Motorsteuerung zu einem komplexen sensor- und sprachgesteuerten Roboterauto. Hacks rund um GPS und eine PlayStation 3 runden die Sache ab.
Inhalt
Bei der Reihenfolge der Kapitel wurde versucht – beginnend bei der Darstellung von grundlegenden Informationen – über die Lösung einfacher Aufgaben zu etwas anspruchsvolleren Techniken zu führen.
Der Mikrocontroller ESP32
Die Software erstellen
Die Stromversorgung
Rund um die Hardware
Das Chassis
Der Gleichstrommotor
Kabellose Steuerung über WiFi
Mit Sensoren Hindernisse erkennen
Eine eigene Roboterauto-App
Servo und Lichtsensor
GPS
Accelerometer / Gyroskop
PS3-Controller
Roboterauto-App
Hinweis zur Software
Die Dateien haben das Suffix (.cpp). Grund ist die Entwicklung mit PlatformIO. Mit Copy & Paste sollten sie auch in der Arduino-IDE verwendet werden können.
If you enjoy DIY electronics, projects, software and robots, you’ll find this book intellectually stimulating and immediately useful. With the right parts and a little guidance, you can build robot systems that suit your needs more than overpriced commercial systems can.
20 years ago, robots based on simple 8-bit processors and touch sensors were the norm. Now, it’s possible to build multi-core robots that can react to their surroundings with intelligence. Today’s robots combine sensor readings from accelerometers, gyroscopes and computer vision sensors to learn about their environments. They can respond using sophisticated control algorithms and they can process data both locally and in the cloud.
This book, which covers the theory and best practices associated with advanced robot technologies, was written to help roboticists, whether amateur hobbyist or professional, take their designs to the next level. As will be seen, building advanced applications does not require extremely costly robot technology. All that is needed is simply the knowledge of which technologies are out there and how best to use each of them.
Each chapter in this book will introduce one of these different technologies and discuss how best to use it in a robotics application. On the hardware side, we’ll cover microcontrollers, servos, and sensors, hopefully inspiring you to design your own awe-inspiring, next-generation systems. On the software side, we’ll cover programming languages, debugging, algorithms, and state machines. We’ll focus on the Arduino, the Parallax Propeller, Revolution Education PICAXE and projects I’ve with which I’ve been involved, including the TBot educational robot, the PropScope oscilloscope, the 12Blocks visual programming language, and the ViewPort development environment. In addition, we’ll serve up a comprehensive introduction to a variety of essential topics, including output (e.g. LEDs, servo motors), and communication technologies (e.g. infrared, audio), that you can use to develop systems that interact to stimuli and communicate with humans and other robots. To make these topics as accessible as possible, handy schematics, sample code and practical tips regarding building and debugging have been included.
Hanno Sander
Christchurch, New Zealand
This bundle includes the Arduino UNO Q (2 GB) and the book "Arduino UNO Q and AI".
The Arduino UNO Q is the first UNO board with a hybrid dual-brain architecture, combining a powerful Linux processor with a real-time microcontroller – bringing advanced computing and precise control together on one board.
Powered by a Qualcomm Dragonwing QRB2210 MPU running Debian Linux and a STM32U585 MCU for real-time tasks, the UNO Q is built for next-generation applications. From Edge Computing and AI to robotics and automation, it delivers high performance without sacrificing ease of use.
Simply connect your peripherals and get started – no extra hardware required.
Features
Dual-core architecture: Linux MPU + real-time MCU
Qualcomm Dragonwing QRB2210 with Debian Linux support
STM32U585 microcontroller for deterministic control
Runs Arduino sketches via Zephyr OS
Ideal for AI, IoT, robotics, and industrial projects
Specifications
Microprocessor (MPU)
Qualcomm Dragonwing QRB2210:Quad-core Arm Cortex-A53 @ 2.0 GHzAdreno GPU 3D graphics accelerator2× ISP (13 MP + 13 MP or 25 MP) @ 30 fps
Microcontroller (MCU)
STM32U585Arm Cortex-M33 up to 160 MHz2 MB flash memory786 KB SRAM
RAM
2 GB LPDDR4
Power Supply
From USB-C connector 5 V max at 3 AInput Voltage (VIN): 7-24 V
Storage
16 GB eMMC
USB
1× USB-C port with host/device role switching, power role switch and video output
Connectivity
Wi-Fi 5 (2.4/5 GHz) with onboard antennaBluetooth 5.1 with onboard antenna
Interfaces
I²C/I³CSPIPWMCANUARTPSSIGPIOJTAGADC
Video
Video output support via USB-CMIPI DSI pins on JMEDIA header
Extra
4× RGB user-controllable LEDs8×13 Blue LED Matrix1× Qwiic connector voltage 3V3, I²C1× User push-buttonJCTL: MPU Remote Debug connector
Audio
Microphone IN / Headphone OUT / Line OUT on JMISC
MPU Operating System
Linux Debian OS with upstream support
Real-time Operating System
Arduino Core on Zephyr OS
Containerization
Docker and Docker Compose support
Support Operating Systems for Arduino App Lab
Windows: Windows 10 or later (64-bit)macOS: macOS 11 or later (64-bit)Linux: Ubuntu 22.04 or later, and Debian Trixie (64-bit)
Dimensions
68.85 × 53.34 mm (UNO form factor)
Downloads
Datasheet
User Manual
Pinout
Schematics
Book: Arduino UNO Q and AI – Learn to Build Intelligent Embedded Systems
Build smarter embedded systems with Arduino UNO Q. This book gives you the tools, knowledge, and confidence to turn ideas into intelligent, working solutions using the Arduino UNO Q platform. Discover how to build intelligent embedded systems with the Arduino UNO Q and AI.
Unlock the full potential of the Arduino UNO Q, a next-generation platform that combines the real-time power of the STM32U585 microcontroller with the flexibility of a Qualcomm Dragonwing QRB2210 microprocessor.
Learn how to rapidly prototype real-world applications using the Arduino IDE for low-level embedded control and Python in Arduino App Lab for high-level development.
Build confidence through hands-on projects that guide you step by step from basic board features to complete working systems.
Explore ready-to-use, AI based Arduino App Lab examples and see how they can jump-start your development and reduce time to deployment.
Step into the world of Edge AI with a clear, practical introduction to Edge Impulse Studio—no prior AI experience required.
Follow a complete, real-world workflow to create a Keyword Spotting AI application, covering data collection, model training, optimization, and on-device inference using the Edge Impulse Studio.
Bridge the gap between embedded systems and machine learning and learn how to bring intelligence directly onto your hardware.
Perfect for embedded engineers, educators, students, and makers looking to stay ahead in AI-enabled product development.
This bundle contains:
Arduino UNO Q (2 GB) (normal price: €50)
Book: Arduino UNO Q and AI (normal price: €35)
This complete Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller programming course features a textbook, a component kit, hands-on projects, and a comprehensive online course with simulations. It is ideal for step-by-step learning of embedded systems programming with Arduino using a practical, hands-on approach.
A Practical Introduction to Embedded Systems with the Raspberry Pi Pico
This course is designed for people who are new to embedded systems and looking for a structured, example-driven way to get started.
A kit of parts comprising LEDs and resistors, switches, sensors and actuators, displays, a breadboard and wires, and more is included. These are used in the course to illustrate example applications.
No prior experience with Arduino or embedded development is required. Each section features hands-on examples and mini projects designed to reinforce key concepts and inspire deeper exploration. By the end of the course, you’ll be able not only to reproduce the examples but also to build on them with your own ideas and applications.
What Will You Learn?
Microcontroller programming in C/C++ with the Raspberry Pi Pico using the Arduino IDE
Working with Digital I/O, read buttons and encoders, control LEDs and relays
Read analog inputs, voltages, and analog sensors
Generating analog output signals and PWM
Use serial communication like UART, I²C and SPI to control displays and read digital sensors and SD cards
Managing time
Working with interrupts
Real-time sensor input and control via buttons, LEDs, and displays
Control actuators like relays and servo motors
Who Is It For?
Students and self-learners exploring embedded systems
Makers and IoT enthusiasts looking to improve their hardware skills
Educators and trainers seeking ready-to-teach material
What's Inside the Box?
Access to the full course on the Elektor Academy Pro Learning Platform
Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller board + USB cable
Book: Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino
Downloadable project files for every module
Component Box:
2× LED, red, 5 mm
LED, green, 5 mm
3× Resistor, 470 Ω, 0.25 W
LDR
Potentiometer, 10 kΩ, linear
Pushbutton
Rotary encoder module
Relay module
DHT22 Humidity & Temperature Sensor
TM1637-compatible 4-digit 7-segment display
MPU-6050 IMU with headers
SSD1306-compatible I²C OLED display
Micro SD card adapter with header
Buzzer
SG90 Micro Servo
ILI9341-compatible SPI 240×320 TFT display
20× Jumper wires
Breadboard
All Programming Courses (and differences in content)
Course
Arduino
Raspberry Pi Pico with Arduino C/C++
ESP32 with Arduino C/C++
Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython
ESP32 with MicroPython
Online Course
Access to Arduino Course
Access to Pico with Arduino C/C++ Course
Access to ESP32 with Arduino C/C++ Course
Access to Pico with MicroPython Course
Access to ESP32 with MicroPython Course
Board
Uno R3
Raspberry Pi Pico
ESP32
Raspberry Pi Pico
ESP32
Book
Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino
Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino
Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino
Programming Microcontrollers in MicroPython
Programming Microcontrollers in MicroPython
Kit
40-piece Component Box
40-piece Component Box
40-piece Component Box
40-piece Component Box
40-piece Component Box
The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller development system encompassing hardware, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and a vast number of libraries. It is supported by an enormous community of programmers, electronic engineers, enthusiasts, and academics. The libraries in particular really smooth Arduino programming and reduce programming time. What’s more, the libraries greatly facilitate testing your programs since most come fully tested and working.
The Raspberry Pi 4 can be used in many applications such as audio and video media devices. It also works in industrial controllers, robotics, games, and in many domestic and commercial applications. The Raspberry Pi 4 also offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capability which makes it great for remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications.
This book is about using both the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Arduino Uno in PID-based automatic control applications. The book starts with basic theory of the control systems and feedback control. Working and tested projects are given for controlling real-life systems using PID controllers. The open-loop step time response, tuning the PID parameters, and the closed-loop time response of the developed systems are discussed together with the block diagrams, circuit diagrams, PID controller algorithms, and the full program listings for both the Raspberry Pi and the Arduino Uno.
The projects given in the book aim to teach the theory and applications of PID controllers and can be modified easily as desired for other applications. The projects given for the Raspberry Pi 4 should work with all other models of Raspberry Pi family.
The book covers the following topics:
Open-loop and closed-loop control systems
Analog and digital sensors
Transfer functions and continuous-time systems
First-order and second-order system time responses
Discrete-time digital systems
Continuous-time PID controllers
Discrete-time PID controllers
ON-OFF temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno
PID-based temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno
PID-based DC motor control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno
PID-based water level control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno
PID-based LED-LDR brightness control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno