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Pull Down Lever For Highest Score! This Elektor Circuit Classic from 1984 shows a playful application of CMOS 400x series logic ICs in combination with LEDs, a highly popular combination at the time. The project imitates a spinning-digit type slot machine. The Game To play the game, first agree on the number of rounds. Player 1 actuates the switch lever as long as desired and releases it. The LEDs then show the score which is the sum of the 50-20-10-5 digits lit up. If the Play Again! LED lights, Player 1 has another, “free” round. If not, it’s Player 2’s turn. The players keep tab of their scores, and the highest score wins. Features LEDs Indicate Score Multi-Player and Play Again! Elektor Heritage Circuit Symbols Tried & Tested by Elektor Labs Educational & Geeky Project Through-Hole Parts Only Included Printed Circuit Board All Components Wooden Stand Bill of Materials Resistors (5%, 250 mW) R1,R2,R3,R4 = 100kΩ R5,R6,R7,R8,R9,R10 = 1kΩ Capacitors C1 = 4.7nF, 10%, 50V, 5mm C2 = 4.7μF, 10%, 63V, axial C3,C4 = 100nF, 10 %, 50V, ceramic X7R, 5mm Semiconductors LED1-LED6 = red, 5mm (T1 3/4) IC1 = 74HC4024 IC2 = 74HC132 Miscellaneous S1 = switch, toggle, 21mm lever, SPDT, momentary S2 = switch, tactile, 24V, 50mA, 6x6mm S3 = switch, slide, SPDT IC1,IC2 = IC socket, DIP14 BT1 = PCB-mount CR2032 battery retainer clip Desktop Stand PCB 230098-1 Not included: BT1 = CR2032 coin cell battery

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Comprehensive Book-Hardware Bundle for the RP2040 Microcontroller with over 80 Projects Unlock the potential of modern controller technology with the Raspberry Pi Pico in this bundle. Perfect for both beginners and experienced users, the easy-to-follow guide takes you from the basics of electronics to the complexities of digital signal processing. With the Raspberry Pi Pico, the dedicated hardware kit and MicroPython programming, you will learn the key principles of circuit design, data collection, and processing. Get hands-on with over 80 projects like a stopwatch with an OLED display, a laser distance meter, and a servo-controlled fan. These projects are designed to help you apply what you've learned in real-world scenarios. The book also covers advanced topics like wireless RFID technology, object detection, and sensor integration for robotics. Whether you're looking to build your skills in electronics or dive deeper into embedded systems, this bundle is the perfect resource to help you explore the full potential of the Raspberry Pi Pico. Contents of the Bundle 1x Project Book (273 pages) 1x Smart Car Kit Electronic Parts 2x Solderless breadboard (400 holes) 1x Solderless breadboard (170 holes) 5x Colorful 5 mm LEDs (green, red, blue, yellow and white) 1x Laser transmitter 1x Passive buzzer 1x Micro USB cable (30 cm) 1x 65 Jumper wires 1x 20 cm male to female Dupont wire 1x Clear case 1x Magnet (diameter: 8 mm, thickness: 5 mm) 1x Rotary potentiometer 10x 2 KΩ resistors 2x M2.5x30 mm copper pillars 10x Phillips pan head screws 10x M2.5 nickel hex nuts 1x 2-inch dual-purpose screwdriver Modules 1x RGB module 1x 9G servo 1x Dual-axis XY joystick module 1x RC522 RFID module 1x 4 Bits digital LED display module 1x Traffic light display module 1x Rotary Encoder module 1x 1602 LCD Display module (Blue) 1x Photoresistor module 1x DC motor with male Dupont wire 1x Fan blade 1x Raindrops module 1x OLED module 1x Membrane switch keyboard 1x Mini magnetic spring module 1x Infrared remote control 1x Infrared receiver module 1x DC stepper motor driver board 1x Button Sensors 1x Vibration sensor 1x Soil moisture sensor 1x Sound sensor 1x Mini PIR motion sensor 1x Temperature & Humidity sensor 1x Flame sensor 2x Crash sensor 2x Tracking sensor 1x Ultrasonic sensor

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Theory, LTspice Simulation, and Hands-On Projects MOSFETs are essential components in modern electronics, used in switching, amplification, motor control, power conversion, digital logic, and audio circuits. This book offers a practical introduction to MOSFET technology, combining clear explanations with LTspice simulations and hands-on projects. Starting with semiconductor fundamentals, you will learn how MOSFETs operate, how they compare with BJTs, and how to apply them in real circuits. The book then progresses from basic switching applications to more advanced designs. You will learn how to: Understand N-channel and P-channel MOSFET operation Work with cutoff, triode, and saturation regions Simulate and analyze circuits using LTspice Build switching circuits for LEDs, relays, buzzers, sensors, and motors Create sensor circuits for light, temperature, touch, tilt, reed switches, and PIR motion detection Control motors and fans using PWM and H-bridge circuits Design MOSFET small-signal amplifiers Build astable, Colpitts, Hartley, phase-shift, and Pierce oscillators Experiment with MOSFET digital logic Explore buck and boost DC-DC converters Understand the basics of MOSFET audio power amplifiers Written for engineers, students, and experienced makers, this book connects theory with simulation and practical construction, giving you the knowledge and experience to design and experiment with MOSFET circuits with confidence.

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Elektor GREEN en GOLD leden kunnen deze uitgave hier downloaden.Nog geen lid? Klik hier om een lidmaatschap af te sluiten. Cloc 2.0de wekker die je altijd al wilde hebben PIO in de praktijkexperimenten met de programmeerbare I/O van de RP2040 Armeluis chiptweakerwe krijgen je wel (goedkoop) aan de praat... Echte USB-toevalsgeneratortwee PIC’s voor de prijs van één AVR Pimp my mike...opvoeren doe je zelf FFT met Maixduinofrequentiespectra vastleggen Uit het leven gegrepenontwerp(on)logica UCN5804 stappenmotordrivervreemde onderdelen Simuleren met Micro-Capeerste stappen in een complexe wereld PAUL Award 2022jonge technische talenten en hun creatieve ontwerpen Mijn eerste Software Defined Radioin minder dan 15 minuten klaar Microcontroller-documentatie verklaarddeel 1: de opzet van een datasheet Hoe verder met AI en embedded systems?tools, platforms – en worden schrijvers obsoleet? Digitalisering van verticale landbouw Elektor Infographicsembedded en AI vandaag – en morgen Een introductie tot TinyML Casestudy KwickPOS High-performance in elke klassecomputer-on-module standaarden Alle begin......wordt eindelijk actief! I²C-communicatie met Node.js en een Raspberry Pibekijk sensordata in een browser Video-output met microcontrollers (2)VGA en DVI Het Metronom real-time besturingssysteemeen RTOS voor AVR-processoren DVI op de RP2040vraaggesprek met Luke Wren, chipontwikkelaar bij Raspberry Pi Display-HAT Minitoont het weer op de Raspberry Pi De WEEF 2022 Awardshet goede vieren Hexadoku

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This complete ESP32 microcontroller programming course features a textbook, a component kit, hands-on projects, and a comprehensive online course with simulations. It is ideal for step-by-step learning of embedded systems programming with Arduino using a practical, hands-on approach. A Practical Introduction to Embedded Systems with the ESP32 This course is designed for people who are new to embedded systems and looking for a structured, example-driven way to get started. A kit of parts comprising LEDs and resistors, switches, sensors and actuators, displays, a breadboard and wires, and more is included. These are used in the course to illustrate example applications. No prior experience with Arduino or embedded development is required. Each section features hands-on examples and mini projects designed to reinforce key concepts and inspire deeper exploration. By the end of the course, you’ll be able not only to reproduce the examples but also to build on them with your own ideas and applications. What Will You Learn? Microcontroller programming with the ESP32 using the Arduino IDE Working with Digital I/O, read buttons and encoders, control LEDs and relays Read analog inputs, voltages, and analog sensors Generating analog output signals and PWM Use serial communication like UART, I²C and SPI to control displays and read digital sensors and SD cards Managing time Working with interrupts Real-time sensor input and control via buttons, LEDs, and displays Control actuators like relays and servo motors Who Is It For? Students and self-learners exploring embedded systems Makers and IoT enthusiasts looking to improve their hardware skills Educators and trainers seeking ready-to-teach material What's Inside the Box? Access to the full course on the Elektor Academy Pro Learning Platform ESP32 microcontroller board + USB cable Book: Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino Downloadable project files for every module Component Box: 2× LED, red, 5 mm LED, green, 5 mm 3× Resistor, 470 Ω, 0.25 W LDR Potentiometer, 10 kΩ, linear Pushbutton Rotary encoder module Relay module DHT22 Humidity & Temperature Sensor TM1637-compatible 4-digit 7-segment display MPU-6050 IMU with headers SSD1306-compatible I²C OLED display Micro SD card adapter with header Buzzer SG90 Micro Servo ILI9341-compatible SPI 240×320 TFT display 20× Jumper wires Breadboard All Programming Courses (and differences in content) Course Arduino Raspberry Pi Pico with Arduino C/C++ ESP32 with Arduino C/C++ Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython ESP32 with MicroPython Online Course Access to Arduino Course Access to Pico with Arduino C/C++ Course Access to ESP32 with Arduino C/C++ Course Access to Pico with MicroPython Course Access to ESP32 with MicroPython Course Board Uno R3 Raspberry Pi Pico ESP32 Raspberry Pi Pico ESP32 Book Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino Programming Microcontrollers in MicroPython Programming Microcontrollers in MicroPython Kit 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box

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Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit! Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken! KI-Tools für das Hardware-PrototypingWas hilft, was nicht – und wo der Entwickler noch gebraucht wird ZSWatch – von der Idee zum ProduktTeil 1: Eine vollkommen offene Smartwatch Dreifach-KlangregelungHigh-End – für das gewisse Etwas electronica Fast Forward 2026Zehn Jahre Innovation Mikrocontroller-PrototypingEin Überblick über beliebte Boards Prototyping-SteckbretterBemerkenswerte Bauteile – die Serie Für den Orbit bauenEin Leitfaden für Maker zur COTS-Auswahl, Strahlungsresistenz und Missionsarchitektur Thermomanagement für zuverlässige ElektronikWenn jedes Grad zählt Vom Konzept zum ProduktEntwicklung marktreifer Embedded-Systeme EMI-Ferrite als DCF77-AntennenErsatz für klassische Ferritantennen-Kerne Einem Roboterarm das Sehen und Bewegen beibringenKI-gesteuerte Manipulation mit einem 3D-gedruckten Roboter Elektor ist 65Projekte aus früheren November/Dezember-Ausgaben Loop-Antenne mit RF BricksTeil 2: Signalverarbeitung Vom Prototyp zur ProduktionPraxis-Tipps aus der Elektor-Community Projekt-UpdatesFeedback, Ideen, Korrekturen Handlicher AudiogeneratorEin Referenzsignalquelle für die schnelle Einrichtung von Audiosystemen AudiotronicsMehr zu Verzerrungen und ein Pegelanpassungsverstärker 2026: Eine KI-OdysseeWenn KI beginnt, KI zu erschaffen Wireless Workshop (2)Freigeschaltetes Funkmodul: 2,4-GHz-Transceiver nRF24L01P Der digitale Weg Die Entwicklung einer Open-Source-SmartwatchDaniel Kampert über die ZSWatch, offene Hardware und technische Kompromisse Wie man sich auf professionelle SMD-Bestückung vorbereitet Entwicklung jenseits der WerkbankSystemintegration, Fehlerbehebung und Praxistests Avionik-InstrumentensimulatorESP32-S3-basiert, mit rundem HMI-Display

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. AI Tools for Hardware PrototypingWhat Helps, What Does Not, and Where the Engineer Still Has to Sit ZSWatch — From Idea to ProductPart 1: A Completely Open Smartwatch Three-Way Tone ControlHigh-End — For That Little Bit Extra electronica Fast Forward 202610 Years of Innovation Microcontroller PrototypingAn Overview of Popular Boards Prototyping BreadboardsPeculiar Parts, the Series Designing for OrbitA Maker’s Guide to COTS Selection, Radiation Resilience, and Mission Architecture Thermal Management for Reliable ElectronicsWhen Every Degree Counts From Concept to GadgetBuilding Embedded Systems That Ship Understanding the EU Cyber Resilience ActWhat the CRA Demands and How to Meet It: A Guide for Embedded Engineers Lusight: Printed Displays You Can Reveal with Your PhoneDiscover What Is Inside the Badge on the Cover of Elektor’s electronica Edition Teaching a Robot Arm to See and MoveAI-Driven Manipulation Using a 3D-Printed Robot Loop Antenna with RF BricksPart 2: Signal Processing From Prototype to ProductionPractical Lessons from the Elektor Community Project UpdatesFeedback, Ideas, Corrections Handheld Audio GeneratorA Reference Signal Source for Quick Audio Systems Setup AudiotronicsMore Distortion, and a Level-Matching Amplifier 2026: An AI OdysseyWhen AI Starts Building AI Wireless Workshop (2)Radio Modules Unlocked: 2.4-GHz nRF24L01P Transceiver The Digital Path Building an Open-Source SmartwatchDaniel Kampert on ZSWatch, Open Hardware, and Engineering Trade-Offs How to Prepare for Professional SMD Assembly Engineering Beyond the BenchSystem Integration, Troubleshooting, and Real-World Testing Elektor at 65Projects from Novembers and Decembers Past Avionics Instrument SimulatorESP32-S3-Based, with Round HMI Display

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Book: Mastering the Arduino Uno R4 Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Eleven years later, the long-overdue successor, the Arduino Uno R4, was released. It is built around a 48 MHz, 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller and provides significantly expanded SRAM and Flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The Uno R4 board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface. Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate. The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, including LEDs 7-segment displays (using timer interrupts) LCDs Sensors RFID Reader 4x4 Keypad Real-time clock (RTC) Joystick 8×8 LED matrix Motors DAC (Digital-to-analog converter) LED matrix WiFi connectivity Serial UART CAN bus Infrared controller and receiver Simulators … all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail. Arduino Uno R4 WiFi The Arduino Uno R4 is powered by the Renesas RA4M1 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 processor, providing a significant boost in processing power, memory, and functionality. The WiFi version comes with an ESP32-S3 WiFi module in addition to the RA4M1, expanding creative opportunities for makers and engineers. The Arduino Uno R4 runs at 48 MHz, which provides a 3x increase over the popular Uno R3. Additionally, SRAM has been upgraded from 2 kB to 32 kB, and flash memory from 32 kB to 256 kB to support more complex projects. Responding to community feedback, the USB port is now USB-C, and the maximum power supply voltage has been raised to 24 V with an enhanced thermal design. The board includes a CAN bus and an SPI port, enabling users to reduce wiring and perform parallel tasks by connecting multiple shields. A 12-bit analog DAC is also provided on the board. Specifications Microcontroller Renesas RA4M1 (ARM Cortex-M4) USB USB-C Programming Port Pins Digital I/O Pins 14 Pins Analog input pins 6 DAC 1 RTC 1 PWM pins 6 Communication UART 1x I²C 1x SPI 1x Qwiic I²C connector 1x CAN 1x CAN Bus Power Circuit operating voltage 5 V Input voltage (VIN) 6-24 V DC Current per I/O Pin 8 mA Clock speed Main core 48 MHz Memory RA4M1 256 kB Flash, 32 kB RAM LED Matrix 12 x 8 (96 red LEDs) Dimensions 68.9 x 53.4 mm Downloads Datasheet Schematics This bundle contains: Book: Mastering the Arduino Uno R4 (normal price: €45) Arduino Uno R4 WiFi (normal price: €30)

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With Examples for Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Programming small electronic systems has never been more accessible. Tasks that once demanded expensive tools, specialized hardware, and deep electrical engineering expertise can now be tackled with low-cost development boards and approachable software. At the centre of this shift is the Arduino environment, which provides a unified and familiar way to program a wide range of microcontroller platforms—from classic AVR boards like the Arduino UNO to modern ARM-based boards such as the Raspberry Pi Pico, and powerful Wi-Fi-enabled devices like the ESP32. This book introduces embedded programming through the core idea that defines all microcontrollers: reading inputs, processing information, and controlling outputs in a predictable loop. The Arduino environment abstracts much of the hardware complexity, allowing you to focus on behaviour rather than implementation details. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, control motors, and communicate with other devices. While the Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico, and ESP32 boards differ greatly in performance and features, they share the same fundamental building blocks: digital and analog I/O, timers, serial communication, PWM, interrupts, and power management. Learning these concepts within the Arduino framework builds skills that transfer easily across platforms and scale toward more advanced applications. By exploring multiple boards while maintaining a consistent programming approach, this book helps you progress from simple experiments to confidently produce well-structured designs—showing that embedded development can be both practical and enjoyable.

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Theory, LTspice Simulation, and Hands-On Projects MOSFETs are essential components in modern electronics, used in switching, amplification, motor control, power conversion, digital logic, and audio circuits. This book offers a practical introduction to MOSFET technology, combining clear explanations with LTspice simulations and hands-on projects. Starting with semiconductor fundamentals, you will learn how MOSFETs operate, how they compare with BJTs, and how to apply them in real circuits. The book then progresses from basic switching applications to more advanced designs. You will learn how to: Understand N-channel and P-channel MOSFET operation Work with cutoff, triode, and saturation regions Simulate and analyze circuits using LTspice Build switching circuits for LEDs, relays, buzzers, sensors, and motors Create sensor circuits for light, temperature, touch, tilt, reed switches, and PIR motion detection Control motors and fans using PWM and H-bridge circuits Design MOSFET small-signal amplifiers Build astable, Colpitts, Hartley, phase-shift, and Pierce oscillators Experiment with MOSFET digital logic Explore buck and boost DC-DC converters Understand the basics of MOSFET audio power amplifiers Written for engineers, students, and experienced makers, this book connects theory with simulation and practical construction, giving you the knowledge and experience to design and experiment with MOSFET circuits with confidence.

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Vom Messwert zur stabilen Entscheidung Wie wird aus einem einfachen Mikrocontroller ein intelligentes System, das Sensorwerte erfasst, verarbeitet und sinnvoll darauf reagiert? Dieses Buch zeigt es Ihnen Schritt für Schritt – verständlich, praxisnah und ohne unnötige Vorkenntnisse. Sie beginnen mit den Grundlagen der digitalen und analogen Ein- und Ausgänge. Anschließend lernen Sie, wie Sensorwerte gelesen, geglättet und zuverlässig bewertet werden. Anschauliche Beispiele erklären, warum einzelne Messwerte oft täuschen können und wie Mittelwertbildung, Hysterese und einfache Entscheidungsregeln für stabile Ergebnisse sorgen. Nach und nach erweitern Sie Ihre Projekte um Displays, I²C-Kommunikation und mehrere vernetzte Mikrocontroller. So entstehen verteilte Systeme, in denen Raspberry Pi Pico und ATtiny-Controller Daten austauschen und gemeinsam Aufgaben übernehmen. Im fortgeschrittenen Teil erhalten Sie einen leicht verständlichen Einstieg in Merkmalsbildung, Datenvorverarbeitung, hybride Entscheidungsmodelle und TinyML-nahe Anwendungen. Dabei verbinden Sie klassische Regelungstechnik mit modernen datenbasierten Methoden. Alle Projekte werden von ausführlich kommentierten Programmen in C und MicroPython begleitet. Das Buch richtet sich an Einsteiger, Maker, Studierende und alle, die Embedded-Systeme von Grund auf verstehen möchten. Am Ende können Sie eigene Systeme entwickeln, die nicht nur messen, sondern Informationen auswerten, zuverlässige Entscheidungen treffen und gezielt reagieren.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. PIO Programming on the Raspberry Pi PicoNine Instructions, Many Possibilities Breaking AI Out of the BrowserUsing AI CLIs to Code, Compile, and Validate Embedded Projects The Scrutiny DebuggerDebug, Visualize, and Test Embedded C/C++ Code Sigfox Breakout Board (1)A Self-Built Radio BoB Low-Noise Power Supply (2)Construction, Assembly, and Practical Implementation Simple Signal Generator Using the RP2040Analog and Digital Signals for Around €10 Navigating the Future of Smart Homes with Matter and Edge AIAre Matter’s Latest Updates and the Rise of Edge AI Finally Giving Engineers the Tools to Build the Intelligent, Seamless Smart Homes Users Have Been Promised? Differential Pressure SensorsPredictive Maintenance in HVAC-Systems Security by DesignEngineering Fundamentals Limit Failure Embedded Security Is No Longer Optional CRA and PQC Are Rewriting Embedded Security PrioritiesWhy Even Small IoT and Industrial Firms Need an Upgrade Plan embedded world 2026An Interview With Benedikt Weyerer, Executive Director of embedded world Hands on with I3CUsing Hardware from ST and Microchip The BLEnky ProjectRapid Prototyping of Bluetooth Low Energy Applications Pulse Width ModulationFrom a Simple On/Off Thermostat to a Smoothed DC Analog Signal AudiotronicsEar-Pleasing Electronics for DIY Construction From Life’s ExperienceRead The F...ing Manual! ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 4)Tuning the Clocks - And a Wired Option 2026: An AI OdysseyThe 2025 Vibe-Coding Hangover Symmetrical DC LoadDC Load, Static or Dynamic, and Symmetrical Counting Faces with MaixCAMAn Easy Way to Capture Audience Sizes

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