Zeitsteuerung, Scheduler, PIO und Zustandsmaschinen
Multitasking ist der Schlüssel zu leistungsfähigen Embedded-Systemen, und zugleich eine der größten Herausforderungen in der Mikrocontroller-Programmierung. Dieses Buch zeigt Ihnen Schritt für Schritt, wie Sie von einem einfachen Ein-Task-Programm zu einem strukturierten, reaktionsfähigen und skalierbaren System gelangen. Dabei steht nicht nur das Wie, sondern vor allem das Warum im Mittelpunkt.
Sie lernen:
warum scheinbare Parallelität entsteht
weshalb blockierende Programme instabil werden
wie Aufgaben effizient und kontrolliert parallel ablaufen
Ausgehend vom klassischen Superloop vermittelt das Buch moderne Multitasking-Strategien – von nicht-blockierender Programmierung und Tick-Systemen bis zu Task-Schedulern, Zustandsmaschinen und ereignisgesteuerten Konzepten.
Der Fokus liegt auf der Praxis: Sensoren, Displays, Kommunikation und reale Anwendungen werden Schritt für Schritt integriert und mit verständlich kommentierten Beispielprogrammen erklärt.
Fortgeschrittene Themen umfassen:
Multicore-Programmierung mit dem Raspberry Pi Pico
asynchrones Programmieren mit uasyncio
RTOS-Grundlagen mit FreeRTOS
die Kombination aus Multicore und RTOS
Dabei werden auch die Grenzen dieser Techniken, insbesondere unter MicroPython, klar aufgezeigt.
Das Buch richtet sich an ambitionierte Einsteiger und fortgeschrittene Entwickler, die Embedded-Systeme fundiert verstehen und robuste, wartbare Multitasking-Anwendungen entwickeln möchten.
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
PbMonitor v1.0A Battery-Monitoring System for UPS and Energy Storage Applications
Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (1)Basic Principles of a Solar Controller for Stand-Alone Systems
B-Field Integration Magnetometer With Home-Made Sensors
Precise or Accurate?Your Instruments Need to Be Both!
AD7124 A Precision ADC in PracticeFeatures for Sensor Signal Conditioning
PID Control ToolOptimize Your Parameters Easily
embedded world 2025
Starting Out in Electronics……Continues with Tone Control
Academy Pro BoxBook + Online Course + Hardware
Milliohmmeter AdapterUses the Precision of Your Multimeter
The Next Leap in SemiconductorsOnward Toward 1.4 nm
Through-Hole Technology ConnectorsThe Best of Two Worlds: THR
Frequency CounterPortable and Auto-Calibrating Via GPS
Analog MetersPeculiar Parts, the Series
Stand-Alone Crystal TesterHow Accurate Is Your Clock Source?
Low-Cost I²C TesterConnect I²C Devices Directly to Your PC
From Life’s ExperienceWho Doesn’t Honor the Small Things?
2025: An AI OdysseyThe Transformative Impact on Software Development
Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters
Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (2)Enhancing Our Setup with Intelligence
Nortonized Wien Bridge OscillatorSmall Changes Yield Significant Improvements
Putting a $0.10 Controller to the TestThe CH32V003 RISC-V Microcontroller and MounRiver Studio in Practice
An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (2)Adding Volume Control, Advanced Mixing, and a Web Interface
Elektor GREEN en GOLD leden kunnen deze uitgave hier downloaden.
Nog geen lid? Klik hier om een lidmaatschap af te sluiten.
OBD2-sensordashboardOude meters vormden het startpunt van een zoektocht naar echte gegevens
OBD2: voeg een toerenteller en schakelindicator toe aan je autoRetro, maar uiterst nuttig
LiDAR- en Visiesensoren voor Robotica
Sensor+Test 2025 en PCIM 2025
Contactloze E-Veldmetingen (1)Een Trillende Membraan voor het Detecteren van Gelijkspanningen of Statische Elektrische Velden
Draadloze brievenbusmeldervan optische sensoren tot radar: enkele mogelijkheden
Elektor Mini-Wheelieeen zelfbalancerende robot
ZonnecellenVreemde onderdelen, de serie
Aan de slag met een moderne radarsensorStaat een nauwkeurige meting op uw radar?
Uit het leven gegrepenpapierfabriek
CybersecurityZware tijden voor hackers
Infographics: IoT en sensoren 2025
Bluetooth 6.0 brengt verbeterde toepassingen voor afstandsbepalingNieuwe versie biedt betere apparaatpositionerings- en -locatieservices
Draadloze communicatie verkennen met BeagleY-AI
Err-lectronicsCorrecties, updates en lezerspost
Alle begin......sluit het thema opamps af
Een krachtige AI-codeerassistentsneller ontwikkelen met Continue en Visual Studio Code
Zonne-laadregelaar met MPPT (2)Het schema
Ultrasone obstakeldetectoreen eenvoudig project om slechtzienden te helpen
2025: Een AI-odysseeHalfjaaroverzicht
Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI-synthesizer (3)Het slimmer maken en een gebruikersinterface toevoegen
Meshtastic: een demonstratieprojectEen slim netwerk van LoRa-radio's
Analoge audio-frequentiegeneratorHoogwaardige sinusgenerator met instelbare frequentie
Elektor GREEN en GOLD leden kunnen deze uitgave hier downloaden.
Nog geen lid? Klik hier om een lidmaatschap af te sluiten.
Relio v1.0 – Aanwezigheidsdetectie en afstandsbedieningEen smart controller met Matter-functionaliteit voor AC-apparaten
Betere printplaten ontwerpenEen praktische gids voor professionals en makers
KiCad 9De belangrijkste nieuwe en verbeterde functies
Precisie pico-ampèremeter (1)Met curvetracer-functionaliteit tot in het pA-bereik!
Kerstster 2025soldeer de sterren van de hemel!
100mV-doorgangstester
Wie verlegt de grenzen van de Europese elektronica?Bedrijven om in het oog te houden
Productronica 2025: Wat is er nieuw in de ontwikkeling en productie van elektronica
Automatisering om reshoring van productie, invoerheffingen en tekorten aan arbeidskrachten aan te pakken
Meer dan toekomstbestendigCirculariteit in elektronica
Passieve componentenVerliesarme inductoren voor hoogrendements DC/DC-converters
Hoe desktopmachines de printplaatproductie toegankelijker maken
Alle begin......heeft voeding nodig
Uit het leven gegrepenKnopjeskoorts
Soldeertechniek in 2025Praktische soldeertips rechtstreeks van de werkbank
SimulIDEEen alles-in-één tool voor circuit-prototyping
2025: Een AI OdysseyVan autocomplete tot collega
Wordy Christmas TreeEen feestelijk elektronica-project met een taalkundig tintje
Err-lectronicsCorrecties, updates en lezersbrieven
Analoge pipeline-vervormingEen fraai audio-effect voor gitaren en andere instrumenten
ESP32 audiotransceiver-board (deel 3)Stereotransmissie en dual-radio
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
OBD2 Sensor DashboardOld Dials Sparked a Quest for Real Data
OBD2: Add a Rev Counter and Gear Shift Indicator to Your CarRetro, but Super Useful
LiDAR and Vision Sensors for Robotics
Sensor+Test 2025 and PCIM 2025
Contact-Free E-Field Measurements (1)A Vibrating Membrane for Assessing DC Voltages or Static Electric Fields
Wireless Mailbox NotifierFrom Optical Sensors to Radar, Exploring a Few Options
Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot
Solar CellsPeculiar Parts, the Series
Getting Started With a Modern Radar SensorIs an Accurate Measurement on Your Radar?
From Life’s ExperiencePaper Factory
CybersecurityTough Times for Hackers
Siglent Presents Next-Gen Multi-Channel OscilloscopesHigh-Performance Solutions for Modern Power and Embedded Systems
Bluetooth 6.0 Brings Enhanced Distance-Ranging ApplicationsNew Version Offers Improved Device Positioning and Location Services
Exploring Wireless Communication with BeagleY-AI
Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters
Starting Out in Electronics……Concludes the Topic on Opamps
A Powerful AI Code AssistantSpeed Up Your Development with Continue and Visual Studio Code
Solar Charge Controller with MPPT (2)The Circuit
Ultrasonic Obstacle DetectorA Simple Project to Help Those with Impaired Vision
2025: An AI OdysseyMid-Year Review
Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (3)Making It Smarter and Adding a User Interface
Meshtastic: A Demo ProjectAn Intelligent Mesh of LoRa Radios
Analog Audio Frequency GeneratorHigh-Quality Adjustable Frequency Sine Wave Generator
Verwirklichen Sie Ihre Projekt-Träume: Der Kilometerzähler fürs Hamsterrad, eine vollautomatische Steuerung Ihrer Ameisenfarm mit Webinterface, oder den Sandwich-O-Mat – eine Maschine, die Sandwich-Toasts nach Wahl belegt und überbackt.
Mit dem Arduino und der DIY- oder Maker-Bewegung wurde nicht nur der Einstieg in die Mikrocontroller-Programmierung kinderleicht, auch eine zweite Entwicklung fand statt: Findige Entwickler brachten kleine Boards – sogenannte Shields oder Module – auf den Markt, die den Einsatz von zusätzlicher Hardware stark vereinfachten. Die kleinen Baugruppen enthalten alle wichtigen elektronischen Teile, um mit ein paar Steckkabeln an den Mikrocontroller angeschlossen zu werden, so dass ein frickeliger und aufwändiger Aufbau auf dem Steckboard entfällt. Zudem ist es so möglich, auch winzig kleine Bauteile zu handhaben, die keine Anschlussbeinchen mehr haben (sogenannte SMDs).
Enthaltene Projekte
Arduino sucht Anschluss
BMP, Einführung in Bibliotheken und I²C
Mit dem Mehrzweck-Shield I/O-Grundlagen kennenlernen
I²C-LCD-Adapter und Punktmatrixanzeigen
LCD Keypad Shield
Level-Konverter
W5100: Internetanbindung
I/O-Erweiterungs-Shields
Relais und Solid-State-Relais
Das Multi-Funktions-Shield: eine universelle Bedieneinheit
SD-Kartenleser über SPI anbinden
Tasten und 7-Segmentanzeigen
16-Bit ADC
DAC MCP4725
16-fach PWM Servo-Treiber
MP3-Player
GPS-Datenlogger mit SD-Karte
Touch-Sensor
Joystick
SHT31: Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit
UV A-Sensor VEML6070
VL53L0X Time-of-Flight
Ultraschallsensor-Entfernungsmesser
LED-Punktmatrixanzeige mit MAX7219
RTC DS3231
Port-Expander MCP23017
433 MHz Funk
MPU-650: Gyroskop
Beschleunigungssensor ADXL345
WS2812 RGB-LEDs
Spannungsversorgung
MQ-xx Gassensoren
CO2-Gassensor
ACS712 Stromstärkesensor
INA219 Stromstärkesensor
L298 Motortreiber
MFRC522 RFID
28BYJ-48 Stepper-Motor
TMC2209 Silent-Step-Stick
X9C10x Digitales Poti
Farb-TFT-Display mit ST7735
e-Paper Display
Bluetooth
Geigerzähler
SIM800L GSM-Modul
I²C-Multiplexer
Controller Area Network
Projects Using Arduino IDE and the LVGL Graphics Library
The ESP32 is probably one of the most popular microcontrollers used by many people, including students, hobbyists, and professional engineers. Its low cost, coupled with rich features makes it a popular device to use in many projects. Recently, a board called the ESP32 Cheap Yellow Display (CYD for short) is available from its manufacturers. The board includes a standard ESP32 microcontroller together with a 320x240 pixel TFT display. Additionally, the board provides several connectors for interfaces such as GPIO, serial port (TX/RX), power and Ground. The inclusion of a TFT display is a real advantage as it enables users to design complex graphics-based projects without resorting to an external LCD or graphics displays.
The book describes the basic hardware of the ESP32 CYD board and provides details of its on-board connectors. Many basic, simple, and intermediate-level projects are given in the book based on the ESP32 CYD, using the highly popular Arduino IDE 2.0 integrated development environment. The use of both the basic graphics functions and the use of the popular LVGL graphics library are discussed in the book and projects are given that use both types of approaches.
All the projects given in the book have been tested and are working. The block diagram, circuit diagram, and the complete program listings and program descriptions of all the projects are given with explanations. Readers can use the LVGL graphics library to design highly popular eye-catching full-color graphics projects using widgets such as buttons, labels, calendars, keypads, keyboards, message boxes, spinboxes, sliders, charts, tables, menus, bars, switches, drop-down lists, animations, and many more widgets.
Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit!
Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken!
DIY-SolarakkusÜber den Selbstbau von Energiespeichern für Solaranlagen
Solarmodul-SimulatorFür Test und Optimierung von MPP-Trackern und Invertern
Der STM32-Edge-KI-WettbewerbEntdecken Sie den neuen STM32N6 und nehmen Sie am Wettbewerb um 5.000 € teil!
Erweiterung der BandlückeWarum gibt es so viel Interesse an SiC und GaN?
Power-Bank für NotebooksVerlängern Sie das Leben Ihres alten Laptops!
Medizinische RoboterÜberwindung technischer und regulatorischer Hürden
Frostwächter für ObstpflanzenMit Temperatur-Datenlogger
Das analoge DingDer Arduino des Analog-Computings?
Sparsames NetzrelaisMit über 90% Leistungsreduzierung
Verbesserung der DC-Last ET5410A+Keep cool and be quiet!
electronica 2024 im Rückblick
Elektromagnetische VerträglichkeitEMV kurz und bündig!
Aller Anfang......muss nicht schwer sein: Aktive Filter
Verlustleistung reduzieren mit AbleitkondensatorenEin cleverer Einsatz von kapazitiver Reaktanz
Preiswerter 12-Bit-Digital-Analog-Wandler MCP4725Mit EEPROM-Feature für sicheres Einschaltverhalten
Fnirsi LCR-ST1, die intelligente LCR-SMD-Pinzette
Test- und Messlabor mit Raspberry PiDas Wichtigste zuerst: Der ADC
Elektronischer LastwiderstandEin Projekt aus der Kiste
2025: Eine Odyssee in die KIEinige Projekte für das neue Jahr
Projekt-Update: Modulares DC-Leistungsmessgerät AmpVolt v2.0100 Ampere und mehr!
Projekt 2.0
Ethische Transparenz sichtbar gemachtErgebnisse der Umfrage 2024 von Ethics in Electronics
Elektor Audio-DSP FX-Prozessor-BoardTeil 2: Anwendungen erstellen
Programming with GNU Radio
HackRF is an open-source hardware platform developed by Great Scott Gadgets and serves as a versatile front end for software-defined radio (SDR). With HackRF One and its successor, HackRF Pro, users can develop their own SDR applications, build powerful receivers and transmitters, and tackle demanding RF measurement tasks.
This book provides a practical introduction to the world of SDR. Step by step, the author shows how powerful SDR projects can be implemented with HackRF – from the fundamentals of RF technology to advanced applications using GNU Radio.
In addition to working with SDR Sharp (SDR#), RadioConda, and GNU Radio, the book also covers the fundamentals of modern digital signal processing. Numerous experiments and easy-to-follow practical examples guide readers through topics such as AM, FM, and SSB reception, digital filters, shortwave radio, amateur radio, signal generators, and custom RF projects up to 6 GHz.
Whether you are a maker, radio amateur, electronics enthusiast, or SDR beginner, this book provides solid knowledge, practical applications, and the motivation to creatively explore the possibilities of modern SDR technology.
ARM Cortex-M Embedded Design from 0 to 1
Hobbyists can mash together amazing functional systems using platforms like Arduino or Raspberry Pi, but it is imperative that engineers and product designers understand the foundational knowledge of embedded design. There are very few resources available that describe the thinking, strategies, and processes to take an idea through hardware design and low-level driver development, and successfully build a complete embedded system. Many engineers end up learning the hard way, or never really learn at all.
ARM processors are essentially ubiquitous in embedded systems. Design engineers building novel devices must understand the fundamentals of these systems and be able to break down large, complicated ideas into manageable pieces. Successful product development means traversing a huge amount of documentation to understand how to accomplish what you need, then put everything together to create a robust system that will reliably operate and be maintainable for years to come.
This book is a case study in embedded design including discussion of the hardware, processor initialization, low‑level driver development, and application interface design for a product. Though we describe this through a specific application of a Cortex-M3 development board, our mission is to help the reader build foundational skills critical to being an excellent product developer. The completed development board is available to maximize the impact of this book, and the working platform that you create can then be used as a base for further development and learning.
The Embedded in Embedded program is about teaching fundamental skill sets to help engineers build a solid foundation of knowledge that can be applied in any design environment. With nearly 20 years of experience in the industry, the author communicates the critical skill development that is demanded by companies and essential to successful design. This book is as much about building a great design process, critical thinking, and even social considerations important to developers as it is about technical hardware and firmware design.
Downloads
EiE Software Archive (200 MB)
IAR ARM 8.10.1 (Recommended IDE version to use) (1.2 GB)
IAR ARM 7.20.1 (Optional IDE version to use) (600 MB)
Principles, Design, and Real-World Applications of Modern Photonics
Light shapes our world—from the glow of a simple LED to the precision of a laser beam and the immense power of the sun. LEDs, Lasers, and Sunlight – Principles, Design, and Real-World Applications of Modern Photonics is your comprehensive guide to understanding, designing, and applying modern light technologies.
This book takes you on a journey from the fundamentals of photonics—covering the nature of light, optical laws, and color theory—to real-world engineering with today’s most important light sources. You’ll explore how LEDs work, how to design efficient lighting systems, and how to tackle practical challenges such as thermal management, power supply design, and optical performance.
Beyond illumination, the book opens doors to specialized applications: horticultural lighting for plant growth, infrared and ultraviolet technologies, modern display systems from LCD to MicroLED, and the fascinating world of lasers—from their physics to their use in medicine, industry, and communication. It also connects light engineering to sustainability through solar energy and thermal radiation.
Written with a strong practical focus, this book bridges theory and application. Whether you are an engineer, student, or advanced hobbyist, you’ll gain the tools to turn concepts into working solutions—from selecting components to building complete systems.
If you want to understand light not just as a phenomenon, but as a powerful engineering tool, this book will illuminate the way.