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EAGLE – the “Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor“ is a professional-grade CAD (computer aided design) software package for the design and drafting of electronic schematics as well as the design and fabrication of printed circuit boards (PCBs). This Advanced User Guide provides the experienced EAGLE user with insight into using some of the more advanced features of EAGLE software. It is not a guide to teach the reader the basic concepts of EAGLE, nor does it discuss the ‘how to’ of the EAGLE interface and the simpler operations and commands of the software. That is the purpose of the author’s previous title EAGLE V6 Getting Started Guide also published by Elektor. This eBook is intended as an enduring document covering the more advanced modules, commands, and functions which make up EAGLE. It is hoped that this eBook will provide a quick, succinct reference to assist with more complex applications and uses of EAGLE – an ‘EAGLE User’s Companion’, if you like. Complementing the EAGLE Advanced User Guide, the EAGLE User Language manual is included in this eBook in unabridged form, reproduced with permission of CadSoft GmbH. At the time of writing, the material in this eBook covers version 7 of the EAGLE software suite.

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Die heutige Regelungstechnik hat Verknüpfungspunkte mit fast jedem technischen Gebiet. Ihre Anwendungen reichen von der Elektrotechnik über die Antriebstechnik und den Maschinenbau bis hin zur Verfahrenstechnik. Will man nun die Regelungstechnik anhand der fachlichen Regeln dieser einzelnen Gebiete erklären, so müsste man von einem Regelungstechniker verlangen, jedes Fachgebiet, in dem er Regelungen vornehmen will, fundiert zu beherrschen. Dies ist aber bei dem heutigen Stand der Technik nicht möglich. Bei der Regelung einer Antriebsaufgabe, einer Druck- oder einer Temperaturregelung tauchen Gemeinsamkeiten auf, die man mit einer einheitlichen Vorgehensweise beschreiben kann. Die Grundgesetze der Regelungstechnik gelten in gleicher Weise für alle Regelkreise, ganz unabhängig davon, wie verschieden sie im Einzelnen auch apparativ aufgebaut sein mögen. Dieses Buch richtet sich an den Praktiker, der gründlicher in die Regelungstechnik eindringen möchte, auf ausschweifende theoretische Exkursionen in die Mathematik aber gerne verzichten kann. Worauf es bei der Lösung von Regelungsaufgaben eigentlich ankommt, ist nicht die Kenntnis vieler Formeln und Rechenverfahren, sondern das Erfassen der Zusammenhänge im Regelkreis. Genau diese beschreibt das vorliegende Buch in anschaulicher Form. Parallel zur Theorie wird die Praxis von regelungstechnischen Vorgängen mit den Simulations-Tools WinFACT und Multisim ausführlich erläutert. Hiermit lassen sich sehr einfach Versuche mit regelungstechnischen Modulen und umfangreichen Messinstrumenten simulieren, Fehler aufspüren und Lösungen für die Praxis finden. Nebenbei entsteht so ein fundiertes Grundlagenwissen.

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45 Elektronik-Projekte für den Raspberry Pi (E-book)

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Einführung und praxisorientierte Grundlagen Die Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) hat einen zwiespältigen Ruf: Einerseits gilt sie als langweilig, manchmal als teures, wenn nicht gar unnötiges Übel, andererseits wird sie auch mystisch verklärt – als „Hightech-Voodoo“. In diesem Buch wird der Versuch unternommen, der EMV den Schrecken zu nehmen – durch methodisches Arbeiten und das richtige Verständnis der elektrotechnischen Grundlagen. Elektromagnetische Beeinflussungen unterliegen zwar stochastischen Prozessen, der Erfolg ist aber kein Zufall, sondern der Lohn systematischer Arbeit. EMV ist eine Frage der Produktqualität! Dieses Buch bietet einen Einstieg in das Thema EMV. Es stellt die oben genannten Zusammenhänge dar und gibt Elektronikentwicklern, Systemingenieuren sowie interessierten Hobbyelektronikern einen Überblick und ein Handbuch zum Thema EMV – natürlich, wie so oft, ohne Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Die Idee zu diesem Buch entstand bei der Erstellung von Vorlesungsskripten. Viele Beispiele und Erfahrungen aus der jahrelangen Praxis sind in dieses Buch eingeflossen.

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If you enjoy DIY electronics, projects, software and robots, you’ll find this book intellectually stimulating and immediately useful. With the right parts and a little guidance, you can build robot systems that suit your needs more than overpriced commercial systems can. 20 years ago, robots based on simple 8-bit processors and touch sensors were the norm. Now, it’s possible to build multi-core robots that can react to their surroundings with intelligence. Today’s robots combine sensor readings from accelerometers, gyroscopes and computer vision sensors to learn about their environments. They can respond using sophisticated control algorithms and they can process data both locally and in the cloud. This book, which covers the theory and best practices associated with advanced robot technologies, was written to help roboticists, whether amateur hobbyist or professional, take their designs to the next level. As will be seen, building advanced applications does not require extremely costly robot technology. All that is needed is simply the knowledge of which technologies are out there and how best to use each of them. Each chapter in this book will introduce one of these different technologies and discuss how best to use it in a robotics application. On the hardware side, we’ll cover microcontrollers, servos, and sensors, hopefully inspiring you to design your own awe-inspiring, next-generation systems. On the software side, we’ll cover programming languages, debugging, algorithms, and state machines. We’ll focus on the Arduino, the Parallax Propeller, Revolution Education PICAXE and projects I’ve with which I’ve been involved, including the TBot educational robot, the PropScope oscilloscope, the 12Blocks visual programming language, and the ViewPort development environment. In addition, we’ll serve up a comprehensive introduction to a variety of essential topics, including output (e.g. LEDs, servo motors), and communication technologies (e.g. infrared, audio), that you can use to develop systems that interact to stimuli and communicate with humans and other robots. To make these topics as accessible as possible, handy schematics, sample code and practical tips regarding building and debugging have been included. Hanno Sander Christchurch, New Zealand

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The author, Johan Basse Bergqvist, is an engineer, a musician, and an audiophile with a knack for building projects that produce the desired results. The combination of these skills leads to a uniquely valuable perspective on audio design that is routinely reflected in the book and passed on to the readers. Several design projects are provided, 40 in total. The designs are explained, and the unique features or methods he uses are described in further detail. Each design includes detailed schematics and a complete parts list. Many of the projects also include layout documentation in the form of CAD photos of the PCB layouts. The range of projects is very diverse and includes something that will appeal to everyone. Stereo amplifiers, guitar and bass amplifiers, preamplifiers for phono, and microphones are all covered. Several variants for each type are included, and the power amplifier designs range from a few watts to several hundred watts, which meet almost any power level you might tackle.

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Design IoT Projects with Raspberry Pi, Arduino and ESP32 The Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a major application area for embedded systems. As a result, more and more people are becoming interested in learning about embedded design and programming. Technical colleges and universities are moving away from legacy 8 and 16-bit microcontrollers and are introducing 32-bit embedded microcontrollers to their curriculums. Many IoT applications demand precision, high processing power, and low power consumption. Produced by IBM, Node-RED is an open-source visual editor for wiring the Internet of Things. Node-RED comes with a large number of nodes to handle a multitude of tasks. The required nodes are selected and joined together to perform a particular task. Node-RED is based on flow type programming where nodes are configured and joined together to form an application program. There are nodes for performing complex tasks, including web access, Twitter, E-mail, HTTP, Bluetooth, MQTT, controlling GPIO ports, etc. One particularly nice aspect of Node-RED is that the programmer does not need to learn how to write complex programs. For example, an email can be sent by simply joining nodes together and writing only a few lines of code. The aim of this book is to teach how Node-RED can be used in projects. The main hardware platform used with most of the projects in this book is Raspberry Pi 4. Chapters are included to show how Node-RED can be also be used with Arduino Uno, ESP32 DevKitC, and the ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller development boards.

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The present tenth edition of the popular ʻ30x Circuitsʼ series of books once again contains a comprehensive variety of circuits, sub-circuits, tips and tricks and design ideas for electronics. These 309 Circuits again offer a representative indication of present-day electronics. Regular ʻ30x seriesʼ enthusiasts will no doubt know what to expect: 309 Circuits contains many fully elaborated electronics projects. In addition, there are numerous ideas, each of which with a potential for use in your own research, projects and applications. Among many other inspiring topics, the following categories are well presented in this book: test & measurement; RF (radio); computers and peripherals; audio & video; hobby and modelling; microcontrollers; home & garden; power supplies & battery chargers; etcetera. 309 Circuits has been compiled from the contents of Elektor Electronics' Summer Circuits editions for the years 2003, 2004 and 2005. Summer Circuits is the annual double issue of Elektor Electronics magazine covering the months of July and August.

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Sensoren am Raspberry Pi (E-book)

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Learning Embedded Systems with STM32 Nucleo Boards Programming compact electronic systems is now easier to get started with than ever before. Affordable development boards, powerful software tools, and readily available documentation make it possible to turn an idea into a working prototype in very little time. MicroPython plays an important role in this development by offering a readable, interactive way to control microcontrollers while still providing direct access to their hardware features. This book explores embedded programming with MicroPython using an STM32-based Nucleo board. It shows how a microcontroller continuously interacts with its environment by reading inputs, processing information, and controlling outputs. Step by step, you will learn to flash LEDs, measure analog signals, work with sensors, control actuators, and exchange data with other devices. The built-in REPL makes it easy to test instructions immediately, inspect results, and learn through experimentation. Although microcontroller boards differ in size, speed, memory, and peripherals, the fundamental concepts remain largely the same. Digital input and output, analog conversion, timers, PWM, interrupts, and serial communication are the essential building blocks of embedded applications. By concentrating on these transferable principles, the book provides a foundation that remains useful when moving to other boards, processors, or development environments. It is intended both for newcomers and for programmers who want to expand into embedded systems. MicroPython offers a practical route into this field, combining quick results with a clear understanding of how software and hardware work together.

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Der Arduino Uno ist ein Open-Source-Mikrocontroller-Entwicklungssystem, das Hardware, eine integrierte Entwicklungsumgebung (IDE) und eine Vielzahl von Bibliotheken umfasst. Es wird von einer riesigen Gemeinschaft von Programmierern, Elektronikern, Enthusiasten und Akademikern unterstützt. Insbesondere die Bibliotheken erleichtern die Programmierarbeit und reduzieren die Entwicklungszeiten, da sie das Erstellen von Programmen erheblich erleichtern. Der Raspberry Pi 4 kann in vielen Projekten wie Audio- und Videoanwendungen, aber auch in Industriesteuerungen, Robotik, Spielen usw. eingesetzt werden. Dazu bietet er auch WiFi- und Bluetooth-Fähigkeiten, wodurch er sich zudem hervorragend für internetbasierte Steuerungs- und Überwachungsanwendungen eignet. In diesem Buch werden sowohl der Raspberry Pi 4 als auch der Arduino Uno in PID-basierten automatischen Steuerungsanwendungen eingesetzt. Nach einer grundlegenden Theorie der Regelsysteme werden funktionierende und getestete Projekte zur Steuerung realer Systeme mit PID-Reglern vorgestellt. Die Open-Loop-Eigenschaften, die Abstimmung der PID-Parameter und das Closed-Loop-Zeitverhalten der Systeme werden zusammen mit Blockdiagrammen, Schaltplänen und PID-Regelalgorithmen ausführlich diskutiert. Vollständige Programme für den Raspberry Pi und den Arduino Uno runden die im Buch vorgestellten Projekte ab. Die Regelsysteme können problemlos auch auf andere Projekte angewendet werden und die für den Raspberry Pi 4 angegebenen Programme sollten auch mit anderen Modellen der Raspberry Pi-Familie reibungslos funktionieren. Das Buch behandelt folgende Themen: Steuer- und Regelsysteme Analoge und digitale Sensoren Übertragungsfunktionen und zeitkontinuierliche Systeme Systemantwortfunktionen erster und zweiter Ordnung Zeitdiskrete digitale Systeme Zeitkontinuierliche PID-Regler Zeitdiskrete PID-Regler Zweipunkt-Temperaturregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno PID-basierte Temperaturregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno Motorsteuerung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno Wasserstandsregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno PID-basierte LED-Helligkeitsregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino Uno

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Programming with GNU Radio HackRF is an open-source hardware platform developed by Great Scott Gadgets and serves as a versatile front end for software-defined radio (SDR). With HackRF One and its successor, HackRF Pro, users can develop their own SDR applications, build powerful receivers and transmitters, and tackle demanding RF measurement tasks. This book provides a practical introduction to the world of SDR. Step by step, the author shows how powerful SDR projects can be implemented with HackRF – from the fundamentals of RF technology to advanced applications using GNU Radio. In addition to working with SDR Sharp (SDR#), RadioConda, and GNU Radio, the book also covers the fundamentals of modern digital signal processing. Numerous experiments and easy-to-follow practical examples guide readers through topics such as AM, FM, and SSB reception, digital filters, shortwave radio, amateur radio, signal generators, and custom RF projects up to 6 GHz. Whether you are a maker, radio amateur, electronics enthusiast, or SDR beginner, this book provides solid knowledge, practical applications, and the motivation to creatively explore the possibilities of modern SDR technology.

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