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Most people are increasingly confronted with the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Music or video ratings, navigation systems, shopping advice, etc. are based on methods that can be attributed to this field. The term Artificial Intelligence was coined in 1956 at an international conference known as the Dartmouth Summer Research Project. One basic approach was to model the functioning of the human brain and to construct advanced computer systems based on this. Soon it should be clear how the human mind works. Transferring it to a machine was considered only a small step. This notion proved to be a bit too optimistic. Nevertheless, the progress of modern AI, or rather its subspecialty called Machine Learning (ML), can no longer be denied. In this book, several different systems will be used to get to know the methods of machine learning in more detail. In addition to the PC, both the Raspberry Pi and the Maixduino will demonstrate their capabilities in the individual projects. In addition to applications such as object and facial recognition, practical systems such as bottle detectors, person counters, or a “talking eye” will also be created. The latter is capable of acoustically describing objects or faces that are detected automatically. For example, if a vehicle is in the field of view of the connected camera, the information 'I see a car!' is output via electronically generated speech. Such devices are highly interesting examples of how, for example, blind or severely visually impaired people can also benefit from AI systems.

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The Elektor Super Servo Tester can control servos and measure servo signals. It can test up to four servo channels at the same time. The Super Servo Tester comes as a kit. All the parts required to assemble the Super Servo Tester are included in the kit. Assembling the kit requires basic soldering skills. The microcontroller is already programmed. The Super Servo Tester features two operating modes: Control/Manual and Measure/Inputs. In Control/Manual mode the Super Servo Tester generates control signals on its outputs for up to four servos or for the flight controller or ESC. The signals are controlled by the four potentiometers. In Measure/Inputs the Super Servo Tester measures the servo signals connected to its inputs. These signals may come from for instance an ESC, a flight controller, or the receiver or another device. The signals are also routed to the outputs to control the servos or the flight controller or ESC. The results are shown on the display. Specifications Operating modes Control/Manual & Measure/Inputs Channels 3 Servo signal inputs 4 Servo signal outputs 4 Alarm Buzzer & LED Display 0.96' OLED (128 x 32 pixels) Input voltage on K5 7-12 VDC Input voltage on K1 5-7.5 VDC Input current 30 mA (9 VDC on K5, nothing connected to K1 and K2) Dimensions 113 x 66 x 25 mm Weight 60 g Included Resistors (0.25 W) R1, R3 1 kΩ, 5% R2, R4, R5, R6, R7, R9, R10 10 kΩ, 5% R8 22 Ω, 5% P1, P2, P3, P4 10 kΩ, lin/B, vertical potentiometer Capacitors C1 100 µF 16 V C2 10 µF 25 V C3, C4, C7 100 nF C5, C6 22 pF Semiconductors D1 1N5817 D2 LM385Z-2.5 D3 BZX79-C5V1 IC1 7805 IC2 ATmega328P-PU, programmed LED1 LED, 3 mm, red T1 2N7000 Miscellaneous BUZ1 Piezo buzzer with oscillator K1, K2 2-row, 12-way pinheader, 90° K5 Barrel jack K4 1-row, 4-way pin socket K3 2-row, 6-way boxed pinheader S1 Slide switch DPDT S2 Slide switch SPDT X1 Crystal, 16 MHz 28-way DIP socket for IC2 Elektor PCB OLED display, 0.96', 128 x 32 pixels, 4-pin I²C interface Links Elektor Magazine Elektor Labs

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Nahezu alle Menschen werden zunehmend mit den Anwendungen der „Künstlichen Intelligenz“ (KI oder AI für engl. Artificial Intelligence) konfrontiert. Musik- oder Videoempfehlungen, Navigationssysteme, Einkaufsvorschläge etc. basieren auf Verfahren, die diesem Bereich zugeordnet werden können. Der Begriff „Künstliche Intelligenz“ wurde 1956 auf einer internationalen Konferenz, dem Dartmouth Summer Research Project geprägt. Eine grundlegende Idee war dabei, die Funktionsweise des menschlichen Gehirns zu modellieren und darauf basierend fortschrittliche Computersysteme zu konstruieren. Bald sollte klar sein, wie der menschliche Verstand funktioniert. Die Übertragung auf eine Maschine wurde nur noch als ein kleiner Schritt angesehen. Diese Vorstellung erwies sich als etwas zu optimistisch. Dennoch sind die Fortschritte der modernen KI, beziehungsweise ihrem Teilgebiet dem sogenannten „Machine Learning“, nicht mehr zu übersehen. Um die Methoden des Machine Learnings näher kennenzulernen, sollen in diesem Buch mehrere verschiedene Systeme zum Einsatz kommen. Neben dem PC werden sowohl der Raspberry Pi als auch der „Maixduino“ in den einzelnen Projekten ihre Fähigkeiten beweisen. Zusätzlich zu Anwendungen wie Objekt- und Gesichtserkennung entstehen dabei auch praktisch einsetzbare Systeme wie etwa Flaschendetektoren, Personenzähler oder ein „Sprechendes Auge“. Letzteres ist in der Lage, automatisch erkannte Objekte oder Gesichter akustisch zu beschreiben. Befindet sich beispielsweise ein Fahrzeug im Sichtfeld der angeschlossenen Kamera, so wird die Information „I see a car!“ über elektronisch erzeugte Sprache ausgegeben. Derartige Geräte sind hochinteressante Beispiele dafür, wie etwa auch blinde oder stark sehbehinderte Menschen von KI-Systemen profitieren können.

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The software simulation of gauges, control-knobs, meters and indicators which behave just like real hardware components on a PC’s screen is known as virtual instrumentation. In this book, the Delphi program is used to create these mimics and PIC based external sensors are connected via a USB/RS232 converter communication link to a PC. Detailed case studies in this Book include a virtual compass displayed on the PC’s screen, a virtual digital storage oscilloscope, virtual -50 to +125 degree C thermometer, and FFT sound analyser, a joystick mouse and many examples detailing virtual instrumentation Delphi components. Arizona’s embedded microcontrollers – the PIC's are used in the projects and include PIC16F84A, PIC16C71, DSPIC30F6012A, PIC16F877, PIC12F629 and the PIC16F887. Much use is made of Microchip’s 44 pin development board (a virtual instrument ‘engine)’, equipped with a PIC16F887 with an onboard potentiometer in conjunction with the PIC’s ADC to simulate the generation of a variable voltage from a sensor/transducer, a UART to enable PC RS232 communications and a bank of 8 LED's to monitor received data is also equipped with an ISP connector to which the ‘PICKIT 2’ programmer may easily be connected. Full source code examples are provided both for several different PIC’s, both in assembler and C, together with the Pascal code for the Delphi programs which use different 3rd party Delphi virtual components.

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Das Programmpaket Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (oder kurz LabVIEW) ist ein international anerkannter Standard zur Entwicklung und Gestaltung von Messgeräten und Prozesssteueroberflächen. Seine Universalität konfrontiert den LabVIEW-Einsteiger allerdings mit einer unübersichtlichen Vielfalt von Funktionen, die er ohne fundierte Anleitung kaum überblicken kann. Hier setzt diese neue mehrteilige Lehrbuchreihe an: Von Grund auf werden in einfach nachvollziehbaren Schritten der Aufbau, die Struktur und die Verwendung von LabVIEW erklärt, in praktischen Beispielen dargestellt und mit Übungen vertieft. Die notwendigen Vorkenntnisse sind äußerst gering, die erreichbaren Ergebnisse dagegen äußerst sehenswert. Der erste Band erläutert die Grunddatentypen und die zugehörigen numerischen Grundfunktionen ebenso ausführlich wie die elementaren Programmstrukturen. Im folgenden Band liegt der Schwerpunkt bei der Kopplung beliebiger Mikrocontrollersysteme über die serielle (USB-)Schnittstelle an den PC und an LabVIEW. Im dritten Band stehen Entwurf und Betrieb kompletter MSR-Systeme mit Hard- und Softwarekomponenten der wichtigsten Messtechnikhersteller im Vordergrund, einschließlich Fernsteuerung, -überwachung und -diagnose über das Internet oder WLAN-Systeme. Diese Lehrbuchreihe richtet sich an Schüler/Auszubildende technischer Bildungseinrichtungen, an Studenten von Fachhochschulen/Universitäten und an den engagierten Praktiker in der Industrie oder im privaten Bereich.

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It is becoming important for microcontroller users to quickly learn and adapt to new technologies and architecture used in high performance 32-bit microcontrollers. Many manufacturers now offer 32-bit microcontrollers as general purpose processors in embedded applications. ARM provide 32 and 64-bit processors mainly for embedded applications. These days, the majority of mobile devices including mobile phones, tablets, and GPS receivers are based on ARM technology. The low cost, low power consumption, and high performance of ARM processors makes them ideal for use in complex communication and mixed signal applications. This book makes use of the ARM Cortex-M family of processors in easy-to-follow, practical projects. It gives a detailed introduction to the architecture of the Cortex-M family. Examples of popular hardware and software development kits are described. The architecture of the highly popular ARM Cortex-M processor STM32F107VCT6 is described at a high level, taking into consideration its clock mechanisms, general input/output ports, interrupt sources, ADC and DAC converters, timer facilities, and more. The information provided here should act as a basis for most readers to start using and programming the STM32F107VCT6 microcontroller together with a development kit. Furthermore, the use of the mikroC Pro for ARM integrated development environment (IDE) has been described in detail. This IDE includes everything required to create a project; namely an editor, compiler, simulator, debugger, and device programmer. Although the book is based on the STM32F107VCT6 microcontroller, readers should not find it difficult to follow the projects using other ARM processor family members.

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IMAGE PROCESSING WITH THE NVIDIA JETSON NANO (PART 2)Image Recognition Using Edge Impulse ELEKTOR JUMPSTARTER NEWSUpcoming Campaigns AN OPEN-SOURCE GPS TRACKING PLATFORMTraccar Maps Vehicle Tracking Without the Need for a Third-Party Cloud Server JOY-IT LCR-T7 MULTI-FUNCTION TESTERTesting Passives, Discrete Semiconductors and IR Remote Controls NOISE SYNTHESIZERFrom Noise to Music with the PRBSynth1 STARTING OUT IN ELECTRONICSEasier than Imagined! ... Continuing with the Coil UNDERSTANDING THE NEURONS IN NEURAL NETWORKS (PART 2)Logical Neurons ISSUES WITH SECURITY? FIGHT FIRE WITH FIRE!Flashbulb-Protected Analogue Memory Add-on For the Tamper-Evident Box LCR METER POSTER BLUETOOTH BEACONS IN PRACTICEBeacons Light the Way Ahead C PROGRAMMING ON RASPBERRY PICommunicating over Wi-Fi (Sample Chapter) EMC PRE-COMPLIANCE TEST FOR YOUR DC-POWERED PROJECT (PART 2)The Hardware and How to Use It HANDS ON THE PARALLAX PROPELLER 2 (PART 5)Inside the Smart Pin MODBUS OVER WLAN (PART 1)Hardware and Programming HOMELAB TOURSWhere the Junior Computer Is Brought to Life Again BUILD YOUR OWN HIGH-PRECISION CALIBRATOR-10 V to +10 V, 0 to 40 mA, 0.001% ARDUINO NANO RP2040 CONNECTRaspberry Pi RP2040 + Wi-Fi + Bluetooth THE PHYSICAL BODY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ERR-LECTRONICSCorrections, Updates and Readers’ Letters CREATE GUIS WITH PYTHONIntroducing guizero CO2 METER KIT FOR THE CLASSROOMAn ESP8266-Based Device from the University of Applied Sciences Aachen NOSTALGIC MK484 MW/LW RADIO...Always Fun to Build! ELEKTOR @ 60Let There Be Light! HEXADOKUThe Original Elektorized Sudoku

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This multi-axis robot perfectly balances power and size. Features 6 Axis Payload: 3.5 kg Reach: 700 mm Repeatability: 0.1 mm Max Speed 1000 mm/s Applications Machine Tending Bin Picking Mobile platform Lab Automation Robotic Research Durable Collaborative robots for your automation Industrial-grade harmonic drive and servomotors guarantee 24/7 working without stop. Crafted from Carbon fiber, 15 kg weight makes it possible for easier deployment. Flexible deployment with safe feature Hand teaching, lightweight, space-saving and easy to re-deploy to multiple applications without changing your production layout. Perfectly for recurrent tasks. Collision detection is available for all of our cobots. Your safety is always the top priority. Graphical interface for beginner-friendly programming Compatible with various of operation systems, including macOS and Windows. Web-based technology compatible with all major browsers. Drag and drop to create your code in minutes. Powerful and open source SDK at your fingertips Fully functional open-source Python/C++ SDK provides more flexible programming. ROS/ROS2 packages are ready-to-go. Example codes help you to deploy the robotic arm smoothly. Specifications UFactory 850 xArm 5 xArm 6 xArm 7 Payload 5 kg 3 kg 5 kg 3.5 kg Reach 850 mm 700 mm 700 mm 700 mm Degrees of freedom 6 5 6 7 Repeatability ±0.02 mm ±0.1 mm ±0.1 mm ±0.1 mm Maximum Speed 1 m/s 1 m/s 1 m/s 1 m/s Weight (robot arm only) 20 kg 11.2 kg 12.2 kg 13.7 kg Maximum Speed 180°/s 180°/s 180°/s 180°/s Joint 1 ±360° ±360° ±360° ±360° Joint 2 -132°～132° -118°～120° -118°～120° -118°～120° Joint 3 -242°~3.5° -225°~11° -225°~11° ±360° Joint 4 ±360° -97°~180° ±360° -11°～225° Joint 5 -124°~124° ±360° -97°~180° ±360° Joint 6 ±360° ±360° -97°~180° Joint 7 ±360° Hardware Ambient Temperature Range 0-50°C Power Consumption Min 8.4 W, Typical 200 W, max 400 W Input Power Supply 24 V DC, 16.5 A Footprint Ø 126 mm Materials Aluminum, Carbon Fiber Base Connector Type M5x5 ISO Class Cleanroom 5 Robot Mounting Any End Effector Communication Protocol Modbus RTU(rs485) End Effector I/O 2x DI/2x DO/2x AI/1x RS485 Communication Mode Ethernet Included 1x xArm 7 robotic arm 1x AC control box 1x Robotic arm power cable 1x Robotic arm end effector adapter cable 1x Robotic arm signal cable 1x Control box power cable 1x Network cable 1x Mounting tool 1x Quick start guide

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LoRa with the Raspberry Pi PicoFun with MicroPython What Is RISC-V?And Why the Industry Is So Excited About a New Processing Core! Elektor @ 60Circuits of Summer Past Versatile Power Supply for BreadboardsPositive and Negative Voltages Out of 5 V from USB Raspberry Pi Pico EssentialsSample Chapter: Wi-Fi with the Raspberry Pi Pico Magnetic Levitation the Easy Way Hands On the Parallax Propeller 2Part 3: Smart Pins and Serial Data (UART) Nucleo Boards Programming with the STM32CubeIDESample Chapter: FreeRTOS for the STM32 MCU Developer's ZoneTips & Tricks, Best Practices and Other Useful Information Miniware DT71 Digital Tweezers Wearable Wi-Fi Gadget: ESPHome Does the Job Again Starting out in ElectronicsEasier Than Imagined! This Concludes the Subject of “Capacitors” Simple Sketches Using the Qwiic Ecosystem Java on the Raspberry Pi (Part 2)Controlling GPIOs with a Spring REST Service Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4A Raspberry Pi for Industry Portable, Stand-Alone Air Quality Display for 2.5 µm ParticlesKeep(s) an Eye on Your Health From Life’s ExperienceThe Future Was Better in the Past MicroPython for the ESP32 and FriendsPart 1: Installation and Our First Programs Charge-Coupled Devices in OscilloscopesPeculiar Parts, the series ESD – The Invisible DestroyerComponents Trashed by a Bolt from the Blue Solar Power for Mowing RobotsEcological, Inexpensive, Simple! Europe’s Efforts to Tame Big Tech HexadokuThe Original Elektorized Sudoku

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In 35 Projects with the Raspberry Pi and Arduino The Internet of Things (IoT) is a trend with a strong technological impulse. At home, we want to do everything on our tablets, from browsing Facebook to watching TV, from operating lights to keeping an eye on the temperature. In 35 fun projects, this book will show you how to build your own Internet of Things system. We'll cover the hardware (primarily the Raspberry Pi and Arduino) and the software that makes control via Internet possible. We employ Wi-Fi and radio links so no requirement any longer to install cabling crisscross through your home. Assuming the projects in the book are finished, you have a complete Internet of Things system that allows you to control and view of everything in your home. For example, if there's something in the mail box or the car is securely in the garage. Also, you can switch on the lights and the alarm from your couch. The crisp explanations allow the projects to be customized with ease, for example, to turn on your coffee machine or TV remotely. The index gives easy access to creative projects that can serve as an example, enabling you to do all the connecting to the IoT independently. All project software can be downloaded free of charge from the Elektor website. In this unique book, Raspberry Pi, Arduino and HTML webpages with stylesheets and JavaScript come together in clearly-described, easy-to-build projects. This special book is an essential part of your collection!

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The Joy-Pi Note 2 is a portable, all-in-one electronics experimentation and learning platform, fully compatible with the Raspberry Pi 4 and 5. Combining an 11.6-inch IPS display, a detachable wireless keyboard, and a compact, robust housing, it provides a flexible environment for electronics development, programming, and education. With more than 45 hands-on courses and projects, the Joy-Pi Note 2 supports learning and experimentation with Python, Scratch, robotics, and IoT applications. Its integrated learning platform provides step-by-step instructions, making it suitable for beginners, students, educators, and experienced makers. The system features over 22 integrated sensors and modules, including temperature, light, motion, and distance sensors, as well as LED displays and motor interfaces. Additional connectivity options, including USB-C and GPIO expansion interfaces, allow users to develop and test their own projects. With support for the Raspberry Pi 5, the Joy-Pi Note 2 also benefits from improved processing power and graphics performance, making it a versatile platform for electronics education, prototyping, and advanced experimentation. Features Complete Electronics Experimentation Kit All-in-One Learning and Experimentation Platform Compatible with Raspberry Pi 4 & 5 Pre-installed Interactive Learning Platform Detachable Wireless Keyboard Integrated Storage Compartment for Power Bank and Accessories Specifications Display 11.6" LCD Display Camera 2 MP Learning platform 45+ courses & projects Displays 7-segment display, 16x2 display, 1.8" TFT display, 0.96" OLED display, 8x8 RGB matrix Power supply 5 V/5 A, USB-C Displays 7-segment display, 16x2 LCD module, 8x8 RGB matrix Sensors DHT temperature & humidity sensor, tilt sensor, motion sensor, sound sensor, touch sensor, RFID module, light sensor, ultrasonic sensor Motors Servo interface, stepper motor interface, vibration motor Control system Joystick, 4x4 button matrix, Raspberry Pi & PCV connection switch, motion sensor sensitivity controller, sound sensor sensitivity controller, 16x2 LCD module brightness controller Miscellaneous Relay, fan, GPIO extension, GPIO LED indicator, breadboard, IO/ ADC/I²C/UART extension interface, infrared sensor interface, buzzer, display driver Accessories RFID chip, RFID card, power supply unit, servo motor, stepper motor, infrared receiver, infrared remote control, DC motor with fan attachment, screwdriver, microSD card (32 GB), SD card reader, electronic accessories, wireless mouse, wireless keyboard Dimensions 291 x 190 x 46 mm Weight 1.3 kg Included Joy-Pi Note 2 Notebook Raspberry Pi 5 (8 GB RAM) Accessories USB-C power supply unit Quick start guide Downloads Joy-Pi website Datasheet

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Jan Didden created Linear Audio in 2010 and published 14 Volumes between 2010 and 2017. Each 200-page Volume contains on average 10 articles by expert authors in the field of audio, acoustics, and instrumentation. Whether you are interested in tube amplifiers, solid-state equipment, loudspeaker design, capacitor and resistor distortion or distortion measurement, you are certain to find helpful advice and interesting discussions. From beginner to advanced level, for the audio professional or the serious hobbyist, this ExpertCollection will advance your understanding and offer new perspectives on common issues. Bonus material included with this collection is a 5-part YouTube series on negative feedback as applied to audio by renowned author Jan Didden, and nine additional landmark audio articles and presentations. If you are seriously interested in audio, acoustics, and instrumentation, you can’t afford to miss this! The published material is indexed and fully searchable and will provide an almost limitless resource for many years to come. You can read about Linear Audio’s authors, and the Table of Contents of each Volume, at linearaudio.net.

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