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Dieses Buch enthält eine Sammlung von Artikeln aus der Zeitschrift Elektor zum Thema „Audiotechnik". Die vorgestellten Schaltungen beschäftigen sich nicht nur mit der Klangwiedergabe, sondern beginnen dort, wo hörenswerte Aufnahmen ihren Ursprung haben: beim bezahlbaren und anspruchsvollen Mikrofon-Vorverstärker. Es folgen u. a. Endstufen, Ergänzungen zu Soundkarten und nicht zuletzt Boxen-Bauvorschläge. Dabei kommt die Theorie nur soweit zu Wort, wie sie für das Verständnis erforderlich ist. Schnell folgt alles, was zur Verwirklichung der Idee notwendig ist: genaue Baupläne mit Platinenlayout, Stückliste und Bestückungsplan, Aufbauanleitung, Beschaffungshinweise für schwer erhältliche Bauteile, Abgleichhinweise usw. Ein Leistungsverstärker, der genügend Power für Veranstaltungssäle, Diskos und Theater bietet, rundet das Angebot ab. Um die Bauvorhaben erfolgreich zu realisieren, sollten einige Grundkenntnisse im Aufbau elektronischer Schaltungen und – noch wichtiger – etwas Übung im praktischen Aufbau und im Löten vorhanden sein.

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Programmieren mit GNU Radio HackRF ist eine Open-Source-Entwicklung von Great Scott Gadgets und dient als vielseitiges Frontend für Software Defined Radio (SDR). Mit HackRF One und dem Nachfolger HackRF Pro lassen sich eigene SDR-Anwendungen entwickeln, leistungsfähige Empfänger und Sender aufbauen sowie anspruchsvolle Aufgaben der HF-Messtechnik realisieren. Dieses Buch eröffnet einen praxisnahen Einstieg in die Welt des Software Defined Radio. Schritt für Schritt zeigt der Autor, wie sich mit HackRF leistungsfähige SDR-Projekte umsetzen lassen – von den Grundlagen der HF-Technik bis hin zu anspruchsvollen Anwendungen mit GNU Radio. Neben dem Umgang mit SDR Sharp (SDR#), RadioConda und GNU Radio vermittelt das Buch auch die Grundlagen moderner digitaler Signalverarbeitung. Zahlreiche Experimente und leicht nachvollziehbare Praxisbeispiele führen durch Themen wie AM-, FM- und SSB-Empfang, digitale Filter, Kurzwelle, Amateurfunk, Messsender und eigene HF-Projekte bis 6 GHz. Ob Maker, Funkamateur, Elektronik-Enthusiast oder SDR-Einsteiger – dieses Buch vermittelt fundiertes Wissen, praxisnahe Anwendungen und die Motivation, die Möglichkeiten moderner SDR-Technik kreativ auszuschöpfen.

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The UDP3305S-E is a high-performance programmable linear DC power supply. It has a clear LCD user interface, excellent performance indicators, a variety of analysis functions and communication interfaces. It can meet the diversified test needs of users. It aims to provide cost-effective DC programmable power supply equipment for teaching, scientific research, industry and other fields. LCD interactive interface Using a 4.3-inch high-definition display screen, it provides users with a man-machine interface with rich functions and simple operation, which can display the current set output voltage/current, actual output voltage/current and protection output voltage/current value of the power supply in real time. The functional interface is simple and comprehensive, easy to operate. One-key setting for series and parallel The series-parallel connection between CH1 and CH2 of the main channel can be realized without external connection, which simplifies the connection and makes the test easier. List/Delayer function With list and delay setting functions, it can set up to 2048 sets of data according to test requirements, and the number of cycles can reach 99999. It is used with waveform templates, which is very convenient for cycle testing and aging testing. Rich remote control interface Standard RS232 communication interface, Ethernet interface, Digital I/O and master and slave USB interfaces, can be controlled by remote connection to Ethernet, or through RS232 and USB, with the host computer software to achieve software control. Specifications Type Linear DC power supply Channels 4 Total power 328 W Output voltage CH1/CH2: 0~30 VCH3: 0~6 VCH4: 5 V Output current CH1/CH2: 0~5 ACH3: 0~3 ACH4: 2 A Resolution 10 mV, 1 mA Setting accuracy 0.3% +20 mV<0.2% +5 mA Connectivity USB Device, RS-232, LAN, USB host, Digital I/O Included 1x UDP3305S-E DC Power Supply 1x Power cord 1x USB cable Downloads Datasheet User manual Programming manual Software V1.0 Firmware V1.10

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This USB Logic Analyzer is an 8-channel logic analyzer with each input dual purposed for analog data recording. It is perfect for debugging and analyzing signals like I²C, UART, SPI, CAN and 1-Wire. It operates by sampling a digital input connected to a device under test (DUT) at a high sample rate. The connection to the PC is via USB. Specifications Channels 8 digital channels Maximum sampling rate 24 MHz Maximum input voltage 0~5 V Operating temperature 0~70°C Input impedance 1 MΩ || 10 pF Supported protocols I²C, SPI, UART, CAN, 1-Wire, etc. PC connection USB Dimensions 55 x 28 x 14 mm Included USB Logic Analyzer (8-ch, 24 MHz) USB Cable Jumper Wire Ribbon Cable Downloads Software

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The Arduino Pro Mini is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, an on-board resonator, a reset button, and holes for mounting pin headers. A six pin header can be connected to an FTDI cable or SparkFun breakout board to provide USB power and communication to the board. The Arduino Pro Mini is intended for semi-permanent installation in objects or exhibitions. The board comes without pre-mounted headers, allowing the use of various types of connectors or direct soldering of wires. The pin layout is compatible with the Arduino Mini. The Arduino Pro Mini was designed and is manufactured by SparkFun Electronics. Specifications Microcontroller ATmega328P Board Power Supply 5-12 V Circuit Operating Voltage 5 V Digital I/O Pins 14 PWM Pins 6 UART 1 SPI 1 I²C 1 Analog Input Pins 6 External Interrupts 2 DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA Flash Memory 32 KB of which 2 KB used by bootloader SRAM 2 KB EEPROM 1 KB Clock Speed 16 MHz Dimensions 18 x 33.3 mm (0.7 x 1.3") Downloads Eagle files Schematics

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Projects Using Arduino IDE and the LVGL Graphics Library The ESP32 is probably one of the most popular microcontrollers used by many people, including students, hobbyists, and professional engineers. Its low cost, coupled with rich features makes it a popular device to use in many projects. Recently, a board called the ESP32 Cheap Yellow Display (CYD for short) is available from its manufacturers. The board includes a standard ESP32 microcontroller together with a 320x240 pixel TFT display. Additionally, the board provides several connectors for interfaces such as GPIO, serial port (TX/RX), power and Ground. The inclusion of a TFT display is a real advantage as it enables users to design complex graphics-based projects without resorting to an external LCD or graphics displays. The book describes the basic hardware of the ESP32 CYD board and provides details of its on-board connectors. Many basic, simple, and intermediate-level projects are given in the book based on the ESP32 CYD, using the highly popular Arduino IDE 2.0 integrated development environment. The use of both the basic graphics functions and the use of the popular LVGL graphics library are discussed in the book and projects are given that use both types of approaches. All the projects given in the book have been tested and are working. The block diagram, circuit diagram, and the complete program listings and program descriptions of all the projects are given with explanations. Readers can use the LVGL graphics library to design highly popular eye-catching full-color graphics projects using widgets such as buttons, labels, calendars, keypads, keyboards, message boxes, spinboxes, sliders, charts, tables, menus, bars, switches, drop-down lists, animations, and many more widgets.

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A Practical Guide to Tube Electronics Vacuum tubes continue to exert a special fascination. Their long-lasting operation, robustness, and characteristic behavior fundamentally distinguish them from modern semiconductor technology. Despite their age, tubes are by no means merely historical components; they are still used today in audio technology, measurement technology, and especially in hobbyist applications. This book is aimed at electronics enthusiasts and hobbyists who want to not only learn about and understand vacuum tubes in theory, but also use them in practice. It conveys the fundamentals of tube technology, explains the different designs and designations, shows typical circuits, and addresses power supplies, measurements, and safety-related aspects. The focus is on practical explanations and realistic examples from the workshop. Numerous tips help you avoid typical mistakes, build circuits, and understand tube devices and their construction. Basic knowledge of electronics is assumed. Vacuum Tubes: A Practical Guide to Tube Electronics offers an accessible and thorough introduction to tube technology – factual, comprehensible, and with a clear focus on practical applications.

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The Basics, New Ideas & Applications Build digital electronics from the ground up—and take it all the way to practical circuits you can use. This book guides you through the core principles of digital technology with a strongly hands-on approach. You’ll begin with the essentials: signals, devices for working with them, and what "logic 0" and "logic 1" mean in real hardware. Simple demonstration setups made from easy-to-find parts (LEDs, diodes, resistors, switches) help you see how logic behaves, making the theory click before you move on. From there, you’ll explore a wide range of logic elements and how they’re implemented, including classic logic families such as TTL and CMOS. The fundamentals section covers the building blocks of digital systems: flip-flops, Schmitt triggers, registers, counters and dividers, encoders/ decoders, multiplexers/demultiplexers, plus A/D and D/A conversion and timing circuits. Next, the book invites you into "new ideas" in digital electronics—universal logic elements, unconventional approaches (including thyristor-based and fractional logic), and creative logic functions that can inspire original designs. Finally, a large, well-organized collection of application circuits turns knowledge into projects: electronic switches and selectors, pulse generators, PWM regulators, frequency multipliers/dividers, phase shifters, and digital filters. Study it deeply, and you’ll gain not only understanding—but the ability to design and debug digital circuits independently.

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Learn how to use the ESP32 Microcontroller and MicroPython programming in your future projects! The project book, written by well-known Elektor author Dogan Ibrahim, holds many software- and hardware-based projects especially developed for the MakePython ESP32 Development Kit. The kit comes with several LEDs, sensors, and actuators. The kit will help you acquire the basic knowledge to create IoT projects. The book’s fully evaluated projects feature all the supplied components. Each project includes a block diagram, a circuit diagram, a full program listing, and a complete program description. Included in the kit 1x MakePython ESP32 development board with LCD 1x Ultrasonic ranging module 1x Temperature and humidity sensor 1x Buzzer module 1x DS18B20 module 1x Infrared module 1x Potentiometer 1x WS2812 module 1x Sound sensor 1x Vibration sensor 1x Photosensitive resistance module 1x Pulse sensor 1x Servo motor 1x USB cable 2x Button 2x Breadboard 45x Jumper wire 10x Resistor 330R 10x LED (Red) 10x LED (Green) 1x Project book (206 pages) 46 Projects in the Book LED Projects Blinking LED Flashing SOS Blinking LED – using a timer Alternately flashing LEDs Button control Changing the LED flashing rate using pushbutton interrupts Chasing-LEDs Binary-counting LEDs Christmas lights (random-flashing 8 LEDs) Electronic dice Lucky day of the week Pulsewidth Modulation (PWM) Projects Generate a 1000-Hz PWM waveform with 50% duty cycle LED brightness control Measuring the frequency and duty cycle of a PWM waveform Melody maker Simple electronic organ Servo motor control Servo motor DS18B20 thermometer Analog To Digital Converter (ADC) Projects Voltmeter Plotting the analog input voltage ESP32 internal temperature sensor Ohmmeter Photosensitive resistance module Digital To Analog Converter (DAC) Projects Generating fixed voltages Generating a sawtooth-wave signal Generating a triangular-wave signal Arbitrary periodic waveform Generating a sinewave signal Generating accurate sinewave signal using timer interrupts Using The OLED Display Seconds counter Event counter DS18B20 OLED based digital thermometer ON-OFF temperature controller Measuring the temperature and humidity Ultrasonic distance measurement Height of a person (stadiometer) Heart rate (pulse) measurement Other Sensors Supplied with the Kit Theft alarm Sound-activated light Infrared obstacle avoidance with buzzer WS2812 RGB LED ring Timestamping temperature and humidity readings Network Programming Wi-Fi scanner Remote control from the Internet browser (using a smartphone or PC) – Web Server Storing temperature and humidity data in the Cloud Low-Power Operation Using a timer to wake up the processor

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In ESP32 programmeren voor beginners bekijken we de ESP32 en zijn voorganger, de ESP8266. Deze kleine, maar zeer krachtige Chinese chips bestaan uit een processor, geheugen, input- en outputaansluitingen en hebben draadloze netwerktoegang via WiFi. Met dit boek tonen we hoe de programmeeromgeving Arduino werkt en hoe die kan gebruikt worden met ESP-hardware. Aan de hand van voorbeelden en projecten verduidelijken we hoe de ESP-hardware kan worden toegepast. In vogelvlucht: We beschrijven de opbouw van ESP-experimenten. We tonen hoe displays worden aangesloten. Eeprom_24c16 demonstreert hoe een externe geheugenchip wordt gebruikt om getallen en tekst op te slaan en weer uit te lezen. Project Klok is de eenvoudige implementatie van een digitale klok. We geven een handleiding voor het gebruik van temperatuur- en luchtvochtigheidsensoren. Webclient laat zien hoe de ESP32 gegevens van het internet kan halen. Met Webserver kunnen we op afstand met een pc of smartphone gegevens halen uit een ESP32, sensoren uitlezen en toestellen aan- en uitschakelen. Een NTP-klok haalt tijdinformatie van Tijdserver. Die geeft zowel de tijd als het aantal seconden sinds 1 januari 1900. Het boek beschrijft hoe hieruit de tijd kan worden berekend. In het laatste hoofdstuk gebruiken we het internet om nauwkeurige weerinformatie en voorspellingen op te vragen.

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Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit! Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken! ESP32-Audio-Transceiver-Board (Teil 2)Drahtlose Audioübertragung Induktiver AM-SenderPIO des Pico in einem Arduino-Sketch Navigieren durch drahtlose ProtokolleEin technischer Leitfaden Satellitenverfolgung mit LoRaDas TinyGS-Netzwerk: Raumfahrtdaten gelangen zur Erde 4G-kompatible SMS-FernbedienungSteuern Sie Ihr Zuhause per Telefon aus der Ferne Hochgeschwindigkeits-TastkopfHochohmige Eingänge für Signale bis 200 MHz Aus dem Leben gegriffenKafka KrakenSDREin phasenkohärenter SDR-Empfänger Geschwindigkeitstests mit dem RP2350Lohnt sich der Umstieg von Raspberry Pi Pico 1 auf Version 2? Kontaktlose E-Feld-Messungen (2)Ein Laser-Vibrometer zur Erfassung der Membranschwingungen Quarze und OszillatorenQuarzgenauigkeit durch die Kondensatorwahl verbessern Aller Anfang ...... ist gar nicht schwer: Spezielle Audio-ICs Einstieg ins Programmieren von Selbstbauprojekten SPECTRAN® V6 MobileModular konfigurierbarer Echtzeit-Spektrum-Analyzer für zuverlässige Messungen in allen Frequenzbereichen Die Zukunft der KI wird in Silizium geschmiedetEin Interview mit Anastasiia Nosova Autonomer Sensorknoten v2.0 (Systemarchitektur)Solarbetriebene Sensorplattform mit integriertem GPS, LoRaWAN und weiteren Funktionen Präzise PositionsbestimmungBluetooth Channel Sounding ausprobiert Die Zukunft der Wireless-KommunikationDie ultradünnen Festkörperbatterien von BTRY Testgetriebene Programmierung in der Firmware-Entwicklung Handy-gesteuertes ModellautoWLAN + ESP32 + Smartphone = Fernsteuerung 2025: Eine KI-OdysseeKI-Denkmodelle: die Gedankenketten-Revolution Solarladeregler mit MPP-TrackingTeil 3: Software und Inbetriebnahme Web-Streaming-Kamera mit Raspberry Pi ZeroVerwendung des ZeroTier-VPN

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Program, build, and master 60+ projects with the Wireless RP2040 The Raspberry Pi Pico and Pico W are based on the fast, efficient, and low-cost dual-core ARM Cortex M0+ RP2040 microcontroller chip running at up to 133 MHz and sporting 264 KB of SRAM and 2 MB of Flash memory. Besides spacious memory, the Pico and Pico W offer many GPIO pins, and popular peripheral interface modules like ADC, SPI, I²C, UART, PWM, timing modules, a hardware debug interface, and an internal temperature sensor. The Raspberry Pi Pico W additionally includes an on-board Infineon CYW43439 Bluetooth and Wi-Fi chipset. At the time of writing this book, the Bluetooth firmware was not yet available. Wi-Fi is however fully supported at 2.4 GHz using the 802.11b/g/n protocols. This book is an introduction to using the Raspberry Pi Pico W in conjunction with the MicroPython programming language. The Thonny development environment (IDE) is used in all of the 60+ working and tested projects covering the following topics: Installing the MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico using a Raspberry Pi or a PC Timer interrupts and external interrupts Analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) projects Using the internal temperature sensor and external sensor chips Using the internal temperature sensor and external temperature sensor chips Datalogging projects PWM, UART, I²C, and SPI projects Using Bluetooth, WiFi, and apps to communicate with smartphones Digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) projects All projects are tried & tested. They can be implemented on both the Raspberry Pi Pico and Raspberry Pi Pico W, although the Wi-Fi-based subjects will run on the Pico W only. Basic programming and electronics experience are required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full MicroPython program listings are given for all projects.

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