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Third, extended and revised edition with AVR Playground and Elektor Uno R4 Arduino boards have become hugely successful. They are simple to use and inexpensive. This book will not only familiarize you with the world of Arduino but it will also teach you how to program microcontrollers in general. In this book theory is put into practice on an Arduino board using the Arduino programming environment. Some hardware is developed too: a multi-purpose shield to build some of the experiments from the first 10 chapters on; the AVR Playground, a real Arduino-based microcontroller development board for comfortable application development, and the Elektor Uno R4, an Arduino Uno R3 on steroids. The author, an Elektor Expert, provides the reader with the basic theoretical knowledge necessary to program any microcontroller: inputs and outputs (analog and digital), interrupts, communication busses (RS-232, SPI, I²C, 1-wire, SMBus, etc.), timers, and much more. The programs and sketches presented in the book show how to use various common electronic components: matrix keyboards, displays (LED, alphanumeric and graphic color LCD), motors, sensors (temperature, pressure, humidity, sound, light, and infrared), rotary encoders, piezo buzzers, pushbuttons, relays, etc. This book will be your first book about microcontrollers with a happy ending! This book is for you if you are a beginner in microcontrollers, an Arduino user (hobbyist, tinkerer, artist, etc.) wishing to deepen your knowledge,an Electronics Graduate under Undergraduate student or a teacher looking for ideas. Thanks to Arduino the implementation of the presented concepts is simple and fun. Some of the proposed projects are very original: Money Game Misophone (a musical fork) Car GPS Scrambler Weather Station DCF77 Decoder Illegal Time Transmitter Infrared Remote Manipulator Annoying Sound Generator Italian Horn Alarm Overheating Detector PID Controller Data Logger SVG File Oscilloscope 6-Channel Voltmeter All projects and code examples in this book have been tried and tested on an Arduino Uno board. They should also work with the Arduino Mega and every other compatible board that exposes the Arduino shield extension connectors. Please note For this book, the author has designed a versatile printed circuit board that can be stacked on an Arduino board. The assembly can be used not only to try out many of the projects presented in this book but also allows for new exercises that in turn provide the opportunity to discover new techniques. Also available is a kit of parts including the PCB and all components. With this kit you can build most of the circuits described in the book and more. Datasheets Active Components Used (.PDF file): ATmega328 (Arduino Uno) ATmega2560 (Arduino Mega 2560) BC547 (bipolar transistor, chapters 7, 8, 9) BD139 (bipolar power transistor, chapter 10) BS170 (N-MOS transistor, chapter 8) DCF77 (receiver module, chapter 9) DS18B20 (temperature sensor, chapter 10) DS18S20 (temperature sensor, chapter 10) HP03S (pressure sensor, chapter 8) IRF630 (N-MOS power transistor, chapter 7) IRF9630 (P-MOS power transistor, chapter 7) LMC6464 (quad op-amp, chapter 7) MLX90614 (infrared sensor, chapter 10) SHT11 (humidity sensor, chapter 8) TS922 (dual op-amp, chapter 9) TSOP34836 (infrared receiver, chapter 9) TSOP1736 (infrared receiver, chapter 9) MPX4115 (analogue pressure sensor, chapter 11) MCCOG21605B6W-SPTLYI (I²C LCD, chapter 12) SST25VF016B (SPI EEPROM, chapter 13) About the author Clemens Valens, born in the Netherlands, lives in France since 1997. Manager at Elektor Labs and Webmaster of ElektorLabs, in love with electronics, he develops microcontroller systems for fun, and sometimes for his employer too. Polyglot—he is fluent in C, C++, PASCAL, BASIC and several assembler dialects—Clemens spends most of his time on his computer while his wife, their two children and two cats try to attract his attention (only the cats succeed). Visit the author’s website: www.polyvalens.com.Authentic testimony of Hervé M., one of the first readers of the book:'I almost cried with joy when this book made me understand things in only three sentences that seemed previously completely impenetrable.'

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Arduino-compatible, ESP32-controlled, 2-wheeled Balancing Robot The Elektor Mini-Wheelie is an experimental autonomous self-balancing robot platform. Based on an ESP32-S3 microcontroller, the self-balancing robot is fully programmable using the Arduino environment and open-source libraries. Its wireless capabilities allow it to be controlled remotely over Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or ESP-NOW or to communicate with a user or even another robot. An ultrasonic transducer is available for detecting obstacles. Its color display can be used for displaying cute facial expressions or, for the more down-to-earth users, cryptic debug messages. The robot comes as a neat kit of parts that you must assemble yourself. Everything is included, even a screwdriver. Note: The Mini-Wheelie is an educational development platform intended for learning, experimentation, and robotics development. It is not classified as a toy for children, and its features, documentation, and intended audience reflect this purpose. The product is aimed at students, educators, and developers who wish to explore robotics, programming, and hardware integration in an educational setting. Specifications ESP32-S3 microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth MPU6050 6-axis Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Two independently controlled 12 V electric motors with tachometer Ultrasonic transducer 2.9" TFT color display (320 x 240) MicroSD card slot Battery power monitor 3S rechargeable Li-Po battery (11.1 V/2200 mAh) Battery charger included Arduino-based open-source software Dimensions (W x L x H): 23 x 8 x 13 cm Included 1x ESP32-S3 Mainboard + MPU6050 module 1x LCD board (2.9 inch) 1x Ultrasonic sensor 1x Battery pack (2200 mAh) 1x Battery charger 1x Motor tyre kit 1x Case board 1x Acrylic board 1x Screwdriver 1x Protective strip 1x Flex cable B (8 cm) 1x Flex cable A (12 cm) 1x Flex cable C 4x Copper column A (25 mm) 4x Copper column B (55 mm) 4x Copper column C (5 mm) 2x Plastic nylon column 8x Screws A (10 mm) 24x Screws B (M3x5) 8x Nuts 24x Metal washers 2x Zip tie 1x MicroSD card (32 GB) Downloads Documentation

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ModbusRTU and ModbusTCP examples with the Arduino Uno and ESP8266 Introduction to PLC programming with OpenPLC, the first fully open source Programmable Logic Controller on the Raspberry Pi, and Modbus examples with Arduino Uno and ESP8266 PLC programming is very common in industry and home automation. This book describes how the Raspberry Pi 4 can be used as a Programmable Logic Controller. Before taking you into the programming, the author starts with the software installation on the Raspberry Pi and the PLC editor on the PC, followed by a description of the hardware. You'll then find interesting examples in the different programming languages complying with the IEC 61131-3 standard. This manual also explains in detail how to use the PLC editor and how to load and execute the programs on the Raspberry Pi. All IEC languages are explained with examples, starting with LD (Ladder Diagram) over ST (Structured Control Language) to SFC (Special Function Chart). All examples can be downloaded from the author's website. Networking gets thorough attention too. The Arduino Uno and the ESP8266 are programmed as ModbusRTU or ModbusTCP modules to get access to external peripherals, reading sensors and switching electrical loads. I/O circuits complying with the 24 V industry standard may also be of interest for the reader. The book ends with an overview of commands for ST and LD. After reading the book, the reader will be able to create his own controllers with the Raspberry Pi.

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Program, build, and master over 60 projects with Python The Raspberry Pi 5 is the latest single-board computer from the Raspberry Pi Foundation. It can be used in many applications, such as in audio and video media centers, as a desktop computer, in industrial controllers, robotics, and in many domestic and commercial applications. In addition to the well-established features found in other Raspberry Pi computers, the Raspberry Pi 5 offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth (classic and BLE), which makes it a perfect match for IoT as well as in remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications. It is now possible to develop many real-time projects such as audio digital signal processing, real-time digital filtering, real-time digital control and monitoring, and many other real-time operations using this tiny powerhouse. The book starts with an introduction to the Raspberry Pi 5 computer and covers the important topics of accessing the computer locally and remotely. Use of the console language commands as well as accessing and using the desktop GUI are described with working examples. The remaining parts of the book cover many Raspberry Pi 5-based hardware projects using components and devices such as LEDs and buzzers LCDs Ultrasonic sensors Temperature and atmospheric pressure sensors The Sense HAT Camera modules Example projects are given using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules to send and receive data from smartphones and PCs, and sending real-time temperature and atmospheric pressure data to the cloud. All projects given in the book have been fully tested for correct operation. Only basic programming and electronics experience are required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full Python program listings are given for all projects described.

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Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit! Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken! OBD2-Sensor-DashboardEchtzeitdaten statt alter Zeigerinstrumente OBD2: Drehzahlmesser und Schaltblitz nachrüstenRetro, aber praktisch LiDAR- und Vision-Sensoren für die Robotik Sensor+Test 2025 und PCIM 2025 Berührungslose E-Feld-MessungenTeil 1. Eine vibrierende Membran zur Erfassung von Gleichspannungen oder statischen elektrischen Feldern Drahtloser Benachrichtigungsdienst für den BriefkastenVon optischen Sensoren bis zu Empfängern: Entdecken Sie verschiedene Optionen Elektor Mini-WheelieEin selbst-balancierender Roboter SolarzellenBemerkenswerte Bauteile Erste Schritte mit einem modernen RadarsensorPräzise Messungen auf Ihrem Radar? Aus dem Leben gegriffenPapierfabrik CybersecuritySchwere Zeiten für Hacker Siglent präsentiert seine neuen Multi-Kanal-OszilloskopeFür den Einsatz in Leistungselektronik und Embedded Design Bluetooth 6.0 verbessert Distance-Ranging-ApplikationenNeue Version bietet bessere Positionsbestimmungs- und Ortungsdienste für Geräte Kommunikation mit dem BeagleY-AI erkunden Projekt 2.0Korrekturen, Updates und Leserbriefe Aller Anfang ...ist nicht schwer: Das Ende der Operationsverstärker Ein mächtiger KI-Code-AssistentCode-Entwicklung mit Continue und Visual Studio Code Solarladeregler mit MPP-TrackingTeil 2: Die Schaltung Hinderniserkennung mit UltraschallEin einfaches Projekt zur Unterstützung von Menschen mit Sehbehinderungen 2025: Odyssee in die KIHalbjahresrückblick Standalone-MIDI-Synthesizer mit Raspberry PiTeil 3. Mit künstlicher Intelligenz und einer Benutzeroberfläche Meshtastic: Ein DemonstrationsprojektIntelligentes Mesh-Netzwerk auf Basis von LoRa-Funkmodulen Analoger Audio-GeneratorSinus-Generator mit einstellbarer Frequenz

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new concept in intelligent automation and intelligent monitoring using the Internet as the communications medium. The “Things” in IoT usually refer to devices that have unique identifiers and are connected to the Internet to exchange information with each other. Such devices usually have sensors and/or actuators that can be used to collect data about their environments and to monitor and control their environments. The collected data can be processed locally or it can be sent to centralized servers or to the cloud for remote storage and processing. For example, a small device at the size of a matchbox can be used to collect data about the temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure. This data can be sent and stored in the cloud. Anyone with a mobile device can then access and monitor this data at any time and from anywhere on Earth provided there is Internet connectivity. In addition, users can for example, adjust the central heating remotely using their mobile devices and accessing the cloud. This book is written for students, for practising engineers and for hobbyists who want to learn more about the building blocks of an IoT system and also learn how to setup an IoT system using these blocks. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the IoT systems. In Chapter 2, the basic concepts and possible IoT architectures are discussed. The important parts of any IoT system are the sensors and actuators and they are described briefly in Chapter 3. The devices in an IoT system usually communicate with each other and the important aspect of IoT communication is covered in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 proceeds with the features of some of the commonly used development kits. One of these, the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ manufactured by mikroElektronika, can be used as a processor in IoT systems and its features are described in detail in Chapter 6. A popular microcontroller C language, mikroC Pro for PIC gets introduced in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 covers the use of a click board with the Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ development kit. Similarly, the use of a sensor click board is described as a project in Chapter 9, and an actuator board in Chapter 10. Chapters 11 and 12 cover Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies in microcontroller based systems, and the remaining chapters of the book demo the creation of a simple Wi-Fi based IoT system with cloud-based data storage. This book has been written with the assumption that the reader has taken a course on digital logic design and has been exposed to writing programs using at least one high-level programming language. Knowledge of the C programming language will be very useful. Also, familiarity with at least one member of the PIC series of microcontrollers (e.g. PIC16 or PIC18) will be an advantage. The knowledge of assembly language programming is not required because all the projects in the book are based on using the C language. If you are a total beginner in programming you can still access the e-book, but first you are advised to study introductory books on microcontrollers.

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The field of digital electronics is central to modern technology. This e-book presents fundamental circuits using gates, flip-flops and counters from the CMOS 4000 Series. Each of the 50 experiments has a circuit diagram as well as a detailed illustration of the circuit’s construction on solderless breadboard. Learning these fundamentals is best done using practical experiments. Building these digital circuits will improve your knowledge and will be fun to boot. Many of the circuits presented here have practical real-life applications. With a good overview of the field, you’ll be well equipped to find simple and cost-effective solutions for any application. The e-book is targeted essentially at students, trainees and anyone with an interest in and requiring an introduction to digital control electronics. Moreover, the knowledge gleaned here is the foundation for further projects in the field of microcontrollers and programming.

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Programming the Finite State Machine with 8-Bit PICs in Assembly and C Andrew Pratt provides a detailed introduction to programming PIC microcontrollers, as well as a thorough overview of the Finite State Machine (FSM) approach to programming. Most of the book uses assembly programming, but do not be deterred. The FSM gives a structure to a program, making it easy to plan, write, and modify. The last two chapters introduce programming in C, so you can make a direct comparison between the two techniques. The book references the relevant parts of the Microchip datasheet as familiarity with it is the best way to discover detailed information. This book is aimed at Microsoft Windows and Linux users. To keep your costs to a minimum and to simplify the toolchain, specific applications are provided as a free download to enable you to use an FTDI serial lead as the programmer. The assembler used is the open-source "gpasm". All programming can be done in a text editor. There are detailed instructions on how to perform the necessary installations on Windows, Linux Debian, and derivatives such as Ubuntu and Fedora. For programming in C, Microchip's XC8 compiler is used from the command line. In addition to the programming applications, two serial read and serial write applications can be used for communicating with the PICs from a computer. A voltmeter project including practical instructions on building a circuit board from scratch is included. All theory is covered beforehand, including how to do integer arithmetic in assembly. Two PICs are covered: the PIC12F1822 and the PIC16F1823. Both can run at 32 MHz with an internal oscillator. You do not need to buy a factory-made development board and programmer. With relatively inexpensive parts including a serial lead, microcontroller, a few resistors, and LEDs, you can get started exploring embedded programming. Links Updated Programmer

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ModbusRTU and ModbusTCP examples with the Arduino Uno and ESP8266 Introduction to PLC programming with OpenPLC, the first fully open source Programmable Logic Controller on the Raspberry Pi, and Modbus examples with Arduino Uno and ESP8266 PLC programming is very common in industry and home automation. This book describes how the Raspberry Pi 4 can be used as a Programmable Logic Controller. Before taking you into the programming, the author starts with the software installation on the Raspberry Pi and the PLC editor on the PC, followed by a description of the hardware. You'll then find interesting examples in the different programming languages complying with the IEC 61131-3 standard. This manual also explains in detail how to use the PLC editor and how to load and execute the programs on the Raspberry Pi. All IEC languages are explained with examples, starting with LD (Ladder Diagram) over ST (Structured Control Language) to SFC (Special Function Chart). All examples can be downloaded from the author's website. Networking gets thorough attention too. The Arduino Uno and the ESP8266 are programmed as ModbusRTU or ModbusTCP modules to get access to external peripherals, reading sensors and switching electrical loads. I/O circuits complying with the 24 V industry standard may also be of interest for the reader. The book ends with an overview of commands for ST and LD. After reading the book, the reader will be able to create his own controllers with the Raspberry Pi.

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. What to expect This Elektor edition guest-edited by Edge Impulse explores the edge AI workflow, from data collection and model training to deployment and optimization: End-to-End Edge AIA hands-on object detection series that walks through the complete machine learning pipeline on embedded hardware. High-Resolution, High-Speed Object Counting (Nvidia Jetson Nano, TensorRT)Pushing inference speed and precision for visual counting applications. PCB Defect Detection with Computer Vision (Raspberry Pi)Smarter manufacturing through embedded vision. Smart Building Ventilation with Sensor FusionAI-powered environmental optimization for energy efficiency. Analog Meter Reading (Arduino Nicla Vision)A TinyML approach to automating analog infrastructure. Smart Appliance Control Using Voice Commands (Nordic Thingy:53)Speech recognition at the edge. Liquid Classification with TinyML (Seeed Wio Terminal + TDS Sensor)Combining IoT sensing and embedded ML for fluid analysis. Surgery Inventory Object DetectionApplying real-time vision to healthcare logistics. Plus, the magazine includes exclusive interviews with: Edge Impulse co-founders Zach Shelby and Jan Jongboom; Qualcomm Technologies VP of product management Manny Singh; and EDGE AI FOUNDATION CEO Pete Bernard. Also included are a Tech the Future essay titled "AI at the Edge: Powering the Next Generation of Devices," an Industry Case Study on GlobalSense, and more. Contents What the Heck Is Edge AI Anyway?Bringing Intelligence to the Device Meet Edge Impulse StudioEasily Build and Deploy Edge AI Models Keyword Spotting with Edge ImpulseCollect, Train, and Deploy Smart Appliance Control Using Voice Commands with the Nordic Thingy:53 Key Terms for Understanding Edge AI and Machine Learning Crash Course: Getting Started with Edge ImpulseLearn to Collect, Train, and Deploy an ML Model with the Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense A New Chapter for ArduinoFrom Hobby Board to Edge Computing Powerhouse Getting Started with Object Detection on Edge Devices PCB Defect DetectionComputer Vision with Raspberry Pi Scaling AI to the Smallest Devices Optimizing Power Efficiency in Battery-Driven Edge AI Devices AI ToasterWhen Edge AI Meets Breakfast Thundercomm Rubik Pi 3Raspberry Pi Familiarity Meets Edge AI Leadership, Embedded ML, and the Edge Revolution Vision Language Models for the EdgeCascading Models for Better Reliability Get to Know Edge ImpulseQuestions from the Elektor Community Project Update #5: ESP32-Based Energy MeterUsing Edge AI to Recognize Household Loads Motion Recognition with Anomaly DetectionAn End-to-End Tutorial Smart Ventilation System: Fusing Sound and Environmental DataA Dual-MCU Machine Learning Approach for Automated Window and Louver Control Bringing Voice Control to Earbuds and Headsets AI at the Edge: Powering the Next Generation of Devices

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Measuring Does Not Have to be Expensive Low-Cost Audio TesterUsing PC-Based Software and a USB Audio Interface AC Grid Frequency MeterMonitor Mains Frequency and Voltage A Modest Inductance MeterAn Affordable Solution for Your Workbench Acoustic Wave HoveringA Look at the Makerfabs Acoustic Levitation Kit Starting Out in ElectronicsRectifiers E-FFWD: Looking Ahead Again! Get Started With Your OscilloscopeFind Your Way Through the Knobs and Buttons Raspberry Pi Pico Makes an MSF-SDRDecode a Time Signal with a Pi Pico SDR Moisture Sensors for Watering SystemsAutomatic Watering Disruption in Test and Measurement EquipmentInnovation from the Smaller Players Infographics 7-8/2022 Inspiration, That’s What It’s All AboutInterview with Entrepreneur Walter Arkesteijn, InnoFaith Beauty Sciences Minimizing EMC Interference from Storage Chokes GUIs with Python (Part 5)Tic-Tac-Toe Reed RelaysPeculiar Parts, the series Simple Analog ESR Meter With Moving-Coil Meter Precision Sigfox CO2 Traffic LightNo Wi-Fi Network Needed! Women in Tech“It's All About Merit Until Merit Has Tits” Low-Budget Tablet Oscilloscope ADS1013DGood Value for Money? Smart Plug TeardownWhich Ones Are Hacker-Friendly? Skin Impedance and Skin CapacitanceSmall Experiments From Life’s ExperienceNo Local Business Pokit Meter ReviewA Swiss army knife of test gear HexadokuThe Original Elektorized Sudoku

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Praktische Anwendungen und Projekte mit Arduino, ESP32 und RP2040 Tauchen Sie ein in die faszinierende Welt der Regelungstechnik mit Arduino und ESP32! Dieses Buch bietet Ihnen einen praxisnahen Einstieg in die klassischen und modernen Methoden der Regelung, darunter PID-Regler, Fuzzy-Logik und Sliding-Mode-Regler. Im ersten Teil lernen Sie die Grundlagen der beliebten Arduino-Controller, wie den Arduino Uno und den ESP32, sowie die Integration von Sensoren für Temperatur- und pH-Messung (NTC, PT100, PT1000, pH-Sensor). Sie erfahren, wie diese Sensoren in verschiedenen Projekten eingesetzt werden und wie Sie Daten auf einem Nextion TFT-Display visualisieren. Weiter geht es mit der Einführung in Stellglieder wie MOSFET-Schalter, H-Brücken und Solid-State-Relais, die zur Steuerung von Motoren und Aktoren verwendet werden. Sie lernen, Regelstrecken zu analysieren und zu modellieren, einschließlich PT1- und PT2-Regelungen. Der Schwerpunkt des Buches liegt auf der Implementierung von Fuzzy- und PID-Reglern zur Regelung von Temperatur und DC-Motoren. Dabei werden sowohl der Arduino Uno als auch der ESP32 eingesetzt. Zudem wird der Sliding-Mode-Regler vorgestellt. Im vorletzten Kapitel erkunden Sie die Grundlagen neuronaler Netze und lernen, wie maschinelles Lernen auf einem Arduino eingesetzt werden kann. Im letzten Kapitel gibt es noch ein praktisches Beispiel für einen Fuzzy-Regler zur Stromeinspeisung ins Hausnetz. Dieses Buch ist die perfekte Wahl für Ingenieure, Studierende und Elektroniker, die ihre Projekte mit innovativen Regelungstechniken erweitern möchten.

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