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Funktionsweise, Aufbau und Handling eines Power Moduls Das "Abc der Power Module" beinhaltet im ersten Schritt die wesentlichen Grundlagen, die bei der Auswahl und dem Einsatz eines Power Moduls notwendig sind. Das Buch beschreibt technische Zusammenhänge und Kenngrößen betreffend der Power Module sowie Berechnungsgrundlagen und Messtechniken. Inhalt Grundlagen Dieses Kapitel beschreibt die Notwendigkeit eines Gleichspannungswandlers und dessen grundlegende Funktionsweise. Darüber hinaus werden verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Realisierung eines Spannungsreglers dargestellt sowie die wesentlichen Vorteile eines Power Moduls benannt. Schaltungstopologien Hier werden dem Leser, die bei Power Modulen sehr häufig verwendeten Schaltungskonzepte, Abwärts- und Aufwärtstopologien, näher erläutert sowie über weitere Schaltungstopologien informiert. Technik, Aufbau und Regelungstechnik Vorgestellt wird der mechanische Aufbau eines Power Moduls, der einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die EMV sowie das Wärmemanagement hat. Ferner sind diesem Kapitel Regelungs- und Schaltungstipps zu entnehmen. Messverfahren Aussagefähige Messergebnisse sind zur Beurteilung eines Power Moduls maßgeblich notwendig. In diesem Kapitel werden die entsprechenden Messpunkte und Messmethoden beschrieben. Handling Es werden die Punkte der Lagerung und den Umgang mit Power Modulen erläutert, ebenso wie deren Fertigungs- und Lötprozess. Auswahl eines Power Moduls Wichtige Parameter und Kriterien für die optimale Auswahl eines Power Moduls sind in dieser Rubrik nachzulesen.

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Temporary Delay in the Delivery of Unitree Robots Like many other suppliers, we are currently experiencing delays in the delivery of Unitree robots. A shipment from our supplier is currently held in customs, which has unfortunately led to later-than-planned deliveries for previously placed orders. We are actively working with our supplier to resolve this issue and expect more clarity soon, but at this time, we cannot provide any guarantees. Additionally, a new shipment is already on its way, though it will take some time to arrive. Since other suppliers are facing similar challenges, switching to a different provider is unlikely to result in a faster solution. Our top priority remains fulfilling existing orders. If you have any questions or would like to update your order, please do not hesitate to contact our customer service team. We will keep you informed of any further developments. Unitree Go2 series consists of quadruped robots for the research & development of autonomous systems in the fields of human-robot interaction (HRI), SLAM & transportation. Due to the four legs, as well as the 12DOF, this robot can handle a variety of different terrains. The Go2 comes with a perfected drive & power management system, which enables a speed (depending on the version) of up to 3.7 m/s or 11.88 km/h with an operating time of up to 4 hours. Furthermore, the motors have a torque of 45 N.m at the body/thighs and at the knees, which also allow jumps or backflips. Features Super Recognition System: 4D LIDAR L1 Max Running Speed: approx. 5 m/s Peak Joint Torque: approx. 45 N.m Wireless Module: WiFi 6/Bluetooth/4G Ultra-long battery Endurance: approx. 2-4 h (long battery life measured in real life) Intelligent Side-follow System: ISS 2.0 Specifications Tracking module: Remote-controlled or automatic tracking Front camera: Image tansmission Resolution 1280x720, FOV 120°, Ultra wide angle lens deliver rich clarity Front lamp: Brightly lights the way ahead 4D LiDAR L1: 360°x90° omnidirectional ultra-wide-angle scanning allows automatic avoidance with small blind spot and stable operation 12 knee joint motors: Strong and powerful, Beautiful and simple, Brandy new visual experience Intercom microphone: Effective communication with no scenario restrictions Self-retracting strap: Easy to carry and load things More stable, more powerful with advanced devices: 3D LiDAR, 4G ESIM Card, WiFi 6 with Dual-band, Bluetooth 5.2 for stable connection and remote control Powerful Computing Core: Motion controller, High-performance ARM processor, Improved Al algorithm processor, External ORIN NX/NANO Smart battery: Standard 8000 mAh battery, Long-endurance 15000 mAh battery, Protection from over-temp, overcharge and short-circuit Speaker for music play: Listen to music as your pleasure Unitree Go2 Variants The Go2 impresses not only with its technical capabilities, but also with a modern and slim design that gives it a futuristic look and makes it a real eye-catcher. The Go2 Air is specially designed for demos and presentations. With its basic features, it offers a solid basis for demonstrating the movement capabilities and functionality of a four-legged robot. Important: The Go2 Air is delivered without a controller. This can be purchased optionally. With a powerful 8-core high-performance CPU, the Pro and Edu offer impressive computing power required for complex tasks and demanding calculations. This enables faster and more efficient data processing and makes the Pro and Edu a reliable partner for your projects. From the Edu version onwards, the Go2 is programmable and opens up endless possibilities for developing and researching your own robotics applications. The Go2 is also able to handle a step height of up to 14 cm. This makes it an ideal tool for research, education and entry into the world of robotics. The Go2 Edu comes with a remote controller that gives you easy and intuitive control. You also get a docking station with impressive computing power of 100 TOPS, which is equipped with powerful AI algorithms and offers you technical support. Go2 Edu is equipped with a powerful 15000 mAh battery that gives it an impressive runtime of up to 4 hours. This long operating time allows the robot to carry out longer exploration missions and complete demanding tasks. Model Comparison Air Pro Edu/Edu Plus Dimensions (standing) 70 x 31 x 40 cm 70 x 31 x 40 cm 70 x 31 x 40 cm Dimensions (crouching) 76 x 31 x 20 cm 76 x 31 x 20 cm 76 x 31 x 20 cm Material Aluminium alloy + High strength engineering plastic Aluminium alloy + High strength engineering plastic Aluminium alloy + High strength engineering plastic Weight (with battery) about 15 kg about 15 kg about 15 kg Voltage 28~33.6 V 28~33.6 V 28~33.6 V Peaking capacity about 3000 W about 3000 W about 3000 W Payload ≈7 kg (MAX ~ 10 kg) ≈8 kg (MAX ~ 10 kg) ≈8 kg (MAX ~ 12 kg) Speed 0~2.5 m/s 0~3.5 m/s 0~3.7 m/s (MAX ~ 5 m/s) Max Climb Drop Height about 15 cm about 16 cm about 16 cm Max Climb Angle 30° 40° 40° Basic Computing Power N/A 8-core High-performance CPU 8-core High-performance CPU Aluminum knee joint motor 12 set 12 set 12 set Intra-joint circuit (knee) ✓ ✓ ✓ Joint Heat Pipe Cooler ✓ ✓ ✓ Range of Motion Body: −48~48° Body: −48~48° Body: −48~48° Thigh: −200°~90° Thigh: −200°~90° Thigh: −200°~90° Shank: −156°~−48° Shank: −156°~−48° Shank: −156°~−48° Max Torque N/A about 45 N.m about 45 N.m Super-wide-angle 3D LiDAR ✓ ✓ ✓ Wireless Vector Positioning Tracking Module N/A ✓ ✓ HD Wide-angle Camera ✓ ✓ ✓ Foot-end force sensor N/A N/A ✓ Basic Action ✓ ✓ ✓ Auto-scaling strap N/A ✓ N/A Upgraded Intelligent OTA ✓ ✓ ✓ RTT 2.0 Image Transmission ✓ ✓ ✓ App Basic Remote Control ✓ ✓ ✓ App Data Viewing ✓ ✓ ✓ App Graphical Programme ✓ ✓ ✓ Front Lamp (3 W) ✓ ✓ ✓ WiFi 6 with Dual-band ✓ ✓ ✓ Bluetooth 5.2/4.2/2.1 ✓ ✓ ✓ 4G Module N/A CN/GB CN/GB Voice Function N/A ✓ ✓ Music Playback N/A ✓ ✓ ISS 2.0 Intelligent side-follow system N/A ✓ ✓ Intelligent detection and avoidance ✓ ✓ ✓ Secondary development N/A N/A ✓ Manual controller Optional Optional ✓ High computing power module N/A N/A Edu: 40 TOPS computing power Edu Plus: 100 TOPS computing power NVIDIA Jetson Orin (optional) Smart Battery Standard (8000 mAh) Standard (8000 mAh) Long endurance (15000 mAh) Battery Life 1-2 h 1-2 h 2-4 h Charger Standard (33.6 V, 3.5 A) Standard (33.6 V, 3.5 A) Fast charge (33.6 V, 9 A) Included 1x Unitree Go2 Edu 1x Unitree Go2 Remote Controller 1x Unitree Go2 Battery (15000 mAh) 1x Unitree Docking station with 40 TOPS computing power Downloads Documentation iOS/Android apps GitHub

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Knowledge for All! Super Servo TesterTest Up to Four Servos Stand-Alone or In-System Analog Signals and MicrocontrollersADCs, DACs, Current Measurement, and More embedded world 2023 Sub-Nyquist Sampling in PracticeReliably Capturing Higher Frequencies Using Subsampling Android Smartphone Here, ESP32 There?Practical Pproject Using the Android Wi-Fi API Active 1-kHz Filter for Distortion MeasurementBetter Measurements Through Optimization of the Measurement Signal Starting Out in Electronics......Multivibrating Cheerfully Further! Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates and Readers’ Letters The New I3C ProtocolA Worthy Successor to I²C, or Just More Hot Air? BlueRC: IR Remote Control with Smartphone and ESP32Adaptive and Universal Microcontroller Documentation Explained (Part 2)Registers and Block Diagrams Automating Test and MeasurementProgramming Test Equipment to Do What You Want Infographics: Test and Measurement Overvoltage Protection for Safe OperationTransient Protection for Non-Isolated DC/DC Power Modules Wiha Measuring EquipmentReliable Electrical Testers and Meters Automating Testing and Collaborating on Test Results From Life’s ExperienceHigh-Level Electronics Energy LoggerMeasuring and Recording Power Consumption Assembling the 4tronix M.A.R.S. Rover Kit Parking Disk with E-Paper DisplayAn Innovative Digital Replacement eCO₂ Telegram botAir-Quality Measurement with Telegram Notification Behind the Scenes of DIY High-End AudioElektor’s Ton Giesberts Interviewed on the Fine Art of Analog Design HomeLab ToursWork in Progress... RFID Tag Reading and RFID Door LockSample Projects from the Elektor Arduino Experimenting Bundle Oscilloscope Current Probe for RFRF Current Measurements Made Easy Not for the Faint-Hearted: Robot Arm KitWith Raspberry Pi Pico and MicroPython Generative AIWho Made This Anyway? Hexadoku

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Build Smart Applications with Raspberry Pi, Arduino, and ESP32 Discover how easy and exciting mobile app development can be with MIT App Inventor. This hands-on guide takes you from basic concepts to building real-world mobile applications using a simple visual programming approach—no prior coding experience required. You will create IoT and AI-powered apps for Android devices and explore how App Inventor can also be used with iPhones and iPads. Connect your applications to platforms such as Arduino UNO R4 WiFi, ESP32, Raspberry Pi Pico (2)W and Raspberry Pi 5, enabling you to build smart, connected systems. Inside the book, you will learn how to: Build interactive apps using buttons, images, sound, and multimedia Create text-to-speech and speech-recognition applications Develop camera-based and location-aware (GPS) apps Design useful tools such as calculators and educational apps Work with smartphone sensors like accelerometers and light sensors Build AI-powered applications, including voice assistants and image-generation features Send and receive messages, and create communication-based apps Connect mobile apps to hardware using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Control real devices such as LEDs, motors, and sensors Designed for beginners, students, and hobbyists, this book focuses on learning by doing. By the end, you will have the skills and confidence to create your own innovative applications that interact with both the digital and physical worlds. Start building and turning your ideas into reality.

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Tout sur les protocoles et leur mise en œuvre avec Arduino Initialement destiné aux véhicules routiers, le réseau CAN (« Controller Area Network ») et son successeur le réseau CAN FD (« Flexible Data ») ont vu leurs champs d’application s’élargir à de nouveaux domaines. L’industrie propose de nombreux modules microcontrôleurs dotés d’une interface CAN et/ou CAN FD. L’environnement de développement Arduino a démocratisé la programmation de ces modules et il existe des bibliothèques qui implémentent un pilote CAN et/ou un pilote CAN FD. La première partie dresse un rapide historique des réseaux CAN et CAN FD et expose la problématique des lignes de transmission en abordant succinctement leur théorie et présentant des résultats de simulation Spice. La deuxième partie est consacrée au réseau CAN, en détaillant successivement la fonction logique du réseau, les transcepteurs, les contrôleurs, la topologie la plus classique (le bus) et d’autres moins courantes, les répéteurs et les passerelles. Les aspects particuliers du protocole, tels que le bit stuffing, l’arbitrage, les trames d’erreur, la détection des erreurs sont exposés. La discussion de la fiabilité du protocole est illustrée par des exemples mettant en évidence ses faiblesses. La troisième partie présente le protocole CAN FD, ses deux variantes CAN FD ISO et CAN FD non ISO, leurs fiabilités, leurs faiblesses, mises en évidence par des exemples. Différents transcepteurs et contrôleurs CAN FD sont décrits. La quatrième partie est dédiée aux applications : comment utiliser les services d’un pilote, concevoir une messagerie, utiliser un analyseur logique. Deux exemples d’application terminent cette partie. Ce livre s’adresse aux amateurs et aux ingénieurs non spécialistes pour comprendre les possibilités qu’offre un réseau CAN et comment on le met en œuvre. Un enseignant trouvera des informations pour approfondir ses connaissances et pour concevoir des travaux pratiques. Une connaissance des microcontrôleurs, de leur programmation, de l’électronique numérique aidera à la lecture des schémas. La connaissance du langage C++ et du langage de simulation électronique Spice facilitera la compréhension des programmes qui sont décrits dans le livre. Tous les codes source sont disponibles sur le dépôt GitHub de l’auteur. Téléchargements GitHub

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The Siglent SDS822X HD digital storage oscilloscope is based on 2 GSa/s, 12-bit Analog-Digital Converters and front ends with excellent noise floor performance. With a 200 MHz bandwidth, and a maximum record length of 100 Mpts, and the capability to analyze 2 analog channels alongside 16 digital channels, the SDS822X HD is perfectly suited for mixed signal analysis. Features 12-bit High Resolution 12-bit Analog-Digital Convertors with sample rate up to 2 GSa/s Front ends with 70 μVrms noise floor @ 200 MHz bandwidth 2/4 analog channels, up to 700 MHz bandwidth SPO technology Waveform capture rate up to 120,000 wfm/s (normal mode), and 500,000 wfm/s (sequence mode) Supports 256-level intensity grading and color temperature display modes. Up to 50 Mpts record length Digital trigger system Intelligent trigger: Edge, Slope, Pulse width, Window, Runt, Interval, Dropout, Pattern, Video (HDTV supported), Qualified, Nth edge, Delay, Setup/Hold time. Serial bus triggering and decoder, supports protocols I²C, SPI, UART, CAN, LIN. Segmented acquisition (Sequence) mode, dividing the maximum record length into multiple segments (up to 80,000), according to trigger conditions set by the user, with a very small dead time between segments to capture the qualifying event. History waveform record (History) function, the maximum recorded waveform length is 80,000 frames. Automatic measurements on 50+ parameters, supports statistics with histogram, track, trend, Gating measurement, and measurements on Math, History and Ref. 4 Math traces (2 Mpts FFT, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, integration, differential, square root, etc.), supports formula editor. Abundant data analysis functions such as Search, Navigate, Counter, Bode plot and Power Analysis High Speed hardware-based Mask Test function, with Mask Editor tool for creating user-defined masks 16 digital channels (optional) 25 MHz waveform generator (optional) 7" TFT-LCD display with 1024 x 600 resolution; Capacitive touch screen supports multi-touch gestures. Interfaces include: USB Hosts, USB Device (USBTMC), LAN (VXI-11/Telnet/Socket), Pass/Fail, Trigger Out Built-in web server supports remote control over the LAN port using a web browser. Supports SCPI remote control commands. Supports external mouse and keyboard. Supports NTP. Specifications Analog Channels 2 Bandwidth 200 MHz Vertical resolution 12-bit Sample rate (Max.) One channel mode: 100 Mpts/chTwo channel mode: Mpts/chFour channel mode: 25 Mpts/ch Memory depth (Max.) One channel mode: 50 Mpts/chTwo channel mode: 25 Mpts/ch Waveform capture rate (Max.) Normal mode: 120,000 wfm/sSequence mode: 500,000 wfm/s Trigger type Edge, Slope, Pulse width, Window, Runt, Interval, Dropout, Pattern, Video, Qualified, Nth edge, Delay, Setup/Hold time, Serial Serial trigger and decode (Standard) I²C, SPI, UART, CAN, LIN Measurement 50+ parameters, statistics, histogram, trend, and track supported Math 4 traces 2 Mpts FFT, Filter, +, -, x, ÷, ∫dt, d/dt, √, Identity, Negation, Absolute, Sign, ex, 10x, ln, lg, Interpolation, MaxHold, MinHold, ERES, Average. Supports formula editor Data analysis Search, Navigate, History, Mask Test, Counter, Bode plot, and Power Analysis Digital channel (optional) 16-channel; maximum sample rate up to 1 GSa/s; record length up to 10 Mpts USB AWG module (option) One channel, 25 MHz, sample rate of 125 MHz, wave length of 16 kpts, isolated output I/O 2x USB 2.0 Host, USB 2.0 Device, 10/100 M LAN, Auxiliary output (TRIG OUT, PASS/FAIL), SBUS (Siglent MSO) Probe (Standard) Passive probe PB470 for each channel Display 7 TFT-LCD with capacitive touch screen (1024x600) Included 1x Siglent SDS822X Oscilloscope 2x Passive probe (200 MHz) PP520 1x Power cord (EU) 1x USB cable 1x Certificate of calibration 1x Quick start Downloads Datasheet Manual Programming guide

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The QAV250 Kit is the perfect way to get started developing on either PX4 or Ardupilot. It pairs a carbon fiber 250 racing frame and essential electronics with Pixhawk 6C mini autopilot. The kit is easy to assemble. No soldering needed. Specifications Micro Power Module (PM06 v2) Motors: 2207 KV1950 Wheelbase: 250 mm Dimensions: 198 x 235 x 70 mm Weight: 347 g Included Carbon fiber 250 airframe with hardware Micro Power Module (PM06 v2) Motors: 2207 KV1950 5' Plastic Props Fully assembled Power Management Board with ESCs (BLHeli S ESC 20A) Battery Straps Note: LiPo battery is not included.

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World’s Most Popular ROS Platform TurtleBot is the most popular open source robot for education and research. The new generation TurtleBot3 is a small, low cost, fully programmable, ROS based mobile robot. It is intended to be used for education, research, hobby and product prototyping. Affordable Cost TurtleBot was developed to meet the cost-conscious needs of schools, laboratories and companies. TurtleBot3 is the most affordable robot among the SLAM-able mobile robots equipped with a 360° Laser Distance Sensor LDS-01. ROS Standard The TurtleBot brand is managed by Open Robotics, which develops and maintains ROS. Nowadays, ROS has become the go-to platform for all the roboticists around the world. TurtleBot can be integrated with existing ROS-based robot components, but TurtleBot3 can be an affordable platform for whom want to get started learning ROS. Extensibility TurtleBot3 encourages users to customize its mechanical structure with some alternative options: open source embedded board (as a control board), computer and sensors. TurtleBot3 Waffle Pi is a two-wheeled differential drive type platform but it is able to be structurally and mechanically customized in many ways: Cars, Bikes, Trailers and so on. Extend your ideas beyond imagination with various SBC, sensors and motors on a scalable structure. Modular Actuator for Mobile Robot TurtleBot3 is able to get a precise spatial data by using 2 DYNAMIXEL’s in the wheel joints. DYNAMIXEL XM series can be operated by one of 6 operating modes (XL series: 4 operating modes): Velocity control mode for wheels, Torque control mode or Position control mode for joint, etc. DYNAMIXEL can be used even to make a mobile manipulator which is light but can be precisely controlled with velocity, torque and position control. DYNAMIXEL is a core component that makes TurtleBot3 perfect. It is easy to assemble, maintain, replace and reconfigure. Open Control Board for ROS The control board is open-sourced in hardware wise and in software wise for ROS communication. The open source control board OpenCR1.0 is powerful enough to control not only DYNAMIXEL’s but also ROBOTIS sensors that are frequently being used for basic recognition tasks in cost effective way. Various sensors such as Touch sensor, Infrared sensor, Color sensor and a handful more are available. The OpenCR1.0 has an IMU sensor inside the board so that it can enhance precise control for countless applications. The board has 3.3 V, 5 V, 12 V power supplies to reinforce the available computer device lineups. Open Source The hardware, firmware and software of TurtleBot3 are open source which means that users are welcomed to download, modify and share source codes. All components of TurtleBot3 are manufactured with injection molded plastic to achieve low cost, however, the 3D CAD data is also available for 3D printing. Specifications Maximum translational velocity 0.26 m/s Maximum rotational velocity 1.82 rad/s (104.27 deg/s) Maximum payload 30 kg Size (L x W x H) 281 x 306 x 141 mm Weight (+ SBC + Battery + Sensors) 1.8 kg Threshold of climbing 10 mm or lower Expected operating time 2h Expected charging time 2h 30m SBC (Single Board Computers) Raspberry Pi 4 (2 GB RAM) MCU 32-bit ARM Cortex-M7 with FPU (216 MHz, 462 DMIPS) Remote Controller RC-100B + BT-410 Set (Bluetooth 4, BLE) Actuator XL430-W210 LDS (Laser Distance Sensor) 360 Laser Distance Sensor LDS-01 or LDS-02 Camera Raspberry Pi Camera Module v2.1 IMU Gyroscope 3 AxisAccelerometer 3 Axis Power connectors 3.3 V/800 mA5 V/4 A12 V/1 A Expansion pins GPIO 18 pinsArduino 32 pin Peripheral 3x UART, 1x CAN, 1x SPI, 1x I²C, 5x ADC, 4x 5-pin OLLO DYNAMIXEL ports 3x RS485, 3x TTL Audio Several programmable beep sequences Programmable LEDs 4x User LED Status LEDs 1x Board status LED1x Arduino LED1x Power LED Buttons and Switches 2x Push buttons, 1x Reset button, 2x Dip switch Battery Lithium polymer 11.1 V 1800 mAh / 19.98 Wh 5C PC connection USB Firmware upgrade via USB / via JTAG Power adapter (SMPS) Input: 100-240 VAC 50/60 Hz, 1.5 A @maxOutput: 12 VDC, 5 A Downloads ROS Robot Programming GitHub E-Manual Community

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The 2-channel OWON XDG2035 is a function/waveform generator that can generate signals with a maximum frequency of 35 Hz. The generator has a resolution of 1 µHz and a sample rate of 500 MSa/s. The OWON XDG2035 is capable of generating 6 standard waveforms and 150 arbitrary waveforms. With the included software you can write advanced functions up to 10 million points. Waveforms can be saved to the function generator's internal memory using a PC via USB or LAN. The OWON XDG2035 also supports SCPI commands and LabView. The function generator has an integrated high-quality frequency counter, which can operate from 100 to 200 MHz. Features Max. 35 MHz frequency output 500 MSa/s Sample rate, Vertical resolution 1μHz 14 bits Vertical Resolution, 10 Marb waveform length Comprehensive waveform output: 6 basic waveforms,and 150 built-in arbitrary waveforms Comprehensive modulation functions: AM, FM, PM, FSK, 3FSK, 4FSK, PSK, OSK, ASK, BPSK, PWM, Sweep, and Burst High-accuracy frequency counter integrated, supported range 100-200 MHz SCPI and LabVIEW supported 7 inch multi-touch screen (800 x 480 pixels) Specifications Channel 2 Frequency Output 35 MHz Sample Rate 500 MSa/s Vertical Resolution 14 bits Waveform Standard Waveform sine, square, pulse, ramp, noise, and harmonic Arbitrary Waveform exponential rise, exponential fall, sin(x)/x, step wave, and others, total 150 built-in waveforms, and user-defined arbitrary waveform Frequency (resolution 1 μHz) Sine 1 μHz-100 MHz Square 1 μHz ~ 30 MHz Pulse 1 μHz ~ 25 MHz Ramp 1 μHz ~ 3 MHz Noise (-3 dB, typical) 100 MHz Arbitrary Waveform 1 μHz ~ 15 MHz Harmonic 1 μHz ~ 50 MHz Accuracy ±2ppm, 25°C ±5°C Waveform Length 2 points - 10M points Amplitude Into 50Ω load 1mVpp ~ 10Vpp (≤25 MHz); 1mVpp ~ 5Vpp (≤60 MHz); 1mVpp ~ 2.5Vpp (≤100 MHz) Modulation Type AM, DSB-AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, PSK, BPSK, QPSK, 3FSK, 4FSK, OSK, PWM, SUM Frequency Counter Function Frequency, period, +width, -width, +duty, and -duty Frequency Range 100 ~ 200 MHz Frequency Resolution 7 digits Input/Output Input mode frequency counter, external modulation input, external trigger input, internal clock output, external reference clock input/output Communication Interface USB Host, USB Device, LAN, RS232 (optional) Mechanical specifications Dimensions 340 x 177 x 90 mm Weight 2.3 kg Included 1x OWON XDG2035 1x Power Cord 1x CD-ROM 1x Quick start guide 1x USB Cable 1x BNC-BNC Cable Downloads Quick Guide

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In Elektronica Kunst & Kunde worden alle onderwerpen behandeld die ook in standaard elektronica-leerboeken aan de orde komen, plus een groot aantal belangrijke maar vaak veronachtzaamde zaken. In dit tweede deel aandacht voor onder meer de volgende onderwerpen: phase-locked loop-schakelingen, opto-elektronica, busschakelingen, capacitieve belasting, bekabeling, interfacing timing, naaldpulsen, klokvertraging, monostabiele multivibratoren de IBM-PC en de Intel-fanilie, RS232-kabels, seriële poorten, ASCII, modems, SCSI, IPI, GPIB, parallele poorten, local-area-networks de 68000-microprocessorfamilie, perifere LSI-chips, geheugen, programmeerbare instrumenten prototypering, het ontwerpen van printplaten, wire-wrap-technieken, CAD/CAM technieken, de bouw van schakelingen HF-modules, vereenvoudigd ontwerp van HF-versterkers en high-speed schakelaars batterijen, accu's en zonnecellen; micropower-regelaars, -opamps en -microprocessoren methoden om de bandbreedte te beperken, middeling van signalen, lock-in versterkers, pulshoogte-analyse, 'multichannel-scaling'

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Inhalt Projekte Pico-VoiceSprachverfremdung und Soundeffekte mit dem Raspberry Pi Pico Navi mit Vibrations-Feedback POV-Anzeige Impulsbreitenmodulation (PWM) mit dem Raspberry Pi Pico Verwendung von Wi-Fi mit dem Raspberry Pi Pico „Hello World“ vom Raspberry Pi Pico und RP2040Ein Blick auf den ersten Mikrocontroller der Raspberry Pi Foundation Einfacher Ein-Aus-Temperaturregler mit Raspberry-Pi-HAT Multitasking mit dem Raspberry PiBeispiel: Ampelsteuerung Das Raspberry-Pi-LinealSpaß mit einem Laufzeitsensor Puffer-Board für Raspberry Pi (Mk. 1)Nie wieder defekte I/O-Ports FM-Radio mit RDSEin HAT für den Raspberry Pi LoRa mit dem Raspberry Pi PicoViel Spaß mit MicroPython! Tutorials Qt für Raspberry Pi Raspberry Pi Pico Programmierungmit MicroPython und Thonny Raspberry Pi Full StackRPi und RF24 als Herzstück eines Sensornetzwerks Raspberry Pi – Bash-Befehle in der Übersicht Community Java auf dem Raspberry PiEin Interview mit Buch-Autor Frank Delporte Reviews Buchvorstellung: Raspberry Pi for Radio Amateurs Secure-Boot-Lösung für Raspberry PiViel Sicherheit zum vernünftigen Preis Review: SmartPi – Smartmeter-Erweiterung für Raspberry Pi Review: RPi-HAT Enviro+Umweltdaten messen mit Raspberry Pi und der HAT Enviro+ Review: Raspberry Pi 4Alles neu und doch gut? Schnelles 3,5“-Touch-Display für RPiMehr Leistung ohne Aufpreis

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Features Advanced DDS technology, up to 250 MHz frequency output 1.25 GS/s sampling rate, and 1 μHz frequency resolution Up to 1M arbitrary waveform length Vertical resolution: 14 bits Comprehensive waveform output: 6 groups waveforms, and 152 group built-in arbitrary waveforms Comprehensive modulation options: AM, FM, PM, FSK, 3FSK, 4FSK, PSK, OSK, ASK, BPSK, PWM, sweep, and burst High-accuracy frequency counter integrated, ranging from 100MHz till 200MHz SCPI and LabVIEW supported 8-inch 800 x 600 pixels touch screen LCD Specifications XDG3102 Channel 2 Frequency Output 100MHz Sample Rate 1.25GSa/s Vertical Resolution 14 bits Waveform Standard Waveform sine, square, pulse, ramp, noise, and harmonic Arbitrary Waveform exponential rise, exponential fall, sin(x)/x, step wave, and others, total of 150 built-in waveforms, and user-defined arbitrary waveform Frequency (resolution 1μHz) Sine 1μHz - 100MHz Square 1μHz - 40MHz Pulse 1μHz - 25MHz Ramp 1μHz - 5MHz Harmonic 1μHz - 50MHz Noise 120MHz (-3dB, typical) Arbitrary Waveform built-in waveform: 1uHz - 15MHzuser-defined waveform: 1uHz - 50MHz Accuracy ±1ppm, 0°C - 40°C Amplitude Amplitude (50Ω) 1mVpp - 10Vpp (≤40MHz); 1mVpp - 5Vpp (≤80MHz) 1mVpp - 2.5Vpp (≤120MHz); 1mVpp - 1Vpp (≤250MHz) Amplitude(high impedance) 2mVpp - 20Vpp (≤40MHz); 2mVpp - 10Vpp (≤80MHz); 2mVpp - 5Vpp (≤120MHz); 2mVpp - 2Vpp (≤250MHz) Resolution 1mV or 4 digits DC Offset Range (50Ω) ±(5 Vpk - Amplitude Vpp/2) Range (high-Z, open circuit) ±(10 Vpk - Amplitude Vpp/2) Accuracy ±(1% of |setting| + 1mV + Amplitude Vpp x 0.5%) Resolution 1mV or 4 digits Load Impedance 50Ω (typical) Accuracy ±(1% of setting + 1 mVpp) (typical, 1kHz sine, 0V offset) Sine Wave Spectrum Purity Harmonic Distortion Typical (0dB) DC - 1MHz: <-65dBc 1MHz - 10MHz: <-60dBc 10MHz - 120MHz: <-50dBc 120MHz - 200MHz: <-45dBc Total Harmonic Distortion ＜0.05 %, 10 Hz to 20 kHz, 1 Vpp Spurious (non-harmonic), Typical (0dB) ≤10MHz: <-70dBc >10MHz: <-70dBc + 6dB/ octave Phase Noise Typical (0 dBm, 10 kHz deviation) 10MHz: ≤-110dBc/Hz Square Rise/Fall Time <5ns Overshoot <3% Duty Cycle 50.0% (fixed) Jitter (rms) 300ps + 100ppm Pulse Pulse Width 12ns - 996875s Leading/Trailing Edge Time ≧7ns Overshoot <3% Jitter (rms) 300ps + 100ppm Ramp Linearity ≤1% of peak output (typical, 1kHz, 1 Vpp, 50% symmetry) Symmetry 0% to 100% Harmonic Harmonic Order ≤16 Harmonic Type even, odd, all, user Harmonic Amplitude could be set for all the harmonics Harmonic Phase Arbitrary Waveform Length 2 points - 1M points Vertical Resolution 14 bits Minimum Rise/Fall Time <7ns Jitter (rms) 3ns Modulation Type AM, FM, PM, PWM, FSK, 3FSK, 4FSK, PSK, OSK, ASK, BPSK, sweep, and burst AM Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal / external Modulating Waveform sine, square, ramp, noise, and arbitrary Depth 0.0% - 100.0% Modulating Frequency 2 mHz - 100 kHz FM Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal / external Modulating Waveform sine, square, ramp, noise, and arbitrary Modulating Frequency 2 mHz - 100 kHz PM Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal / external Modulating Waveform sine, square, ramp, noise, and arbitrary Phase Deviation 0° - 180° Modulating Frequency 2 mHz - 100 kHz PWM Carrier Waveform pulse Source internal / external Modulating Waveform sine, square, ramp, noise, and arbitrary Width Deviation 0 ~ minimum (pulse duty ratio, 100% - pulse duty ratio) Modulating Frequency 2 mHz - 100 kHz FSK / 3FSK / 4FSK Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal / external Modulating Waveform square with 50% duty cycle Key Frequency 2 mHz - 1MHz PSK Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal / external Modulating Waveform square with 50% duty cycle Key Frequency 2 mHz - 1MHz OSK Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal Oscillation Time square with 50% duty cycle Key Frequency 2 mHz - 1MHz ASK Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal / external Modulating Waveform square with 50% duty cycle Key Frequency 2 mHz - 1MHz BPSK Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Source internal Modulating Waveform square with 50% duty cycle Key Frequency 2 mHz - 1MHz Sweep Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, and arbitrary (except DC) Type linear, and log Direction up, and down Sweep Time 1 ms to 500s, ± 0.1% Trigger Source internal, external, and manual Burst Carrier Waveform sine, square, ramp, pulse, and arbitrary (except DC) Burst Count 1 to 50,000 period, infinite, gating Internal Period 10 ns - 500 s Gated Source external trigger Frequency Counter Function frequency period, +width, -width, +duty, and -duty Frequency Range 100 MHz - 200 MHz Frequency Resolution 7 digits Input / Output Display 8”800 x 600 pixels touch screen LCD Type frequency counter, external modulation input,external trigger input,external reference clock input / output Communication Interface USB Host, USB Device, and LAN Dimension 340 x 177 x 90 mm Weight 2.50 kg

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