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An Introduction to Circuit Simulation LTspice, developed by Analog Devices, is a powerful, fast, and free SPICE simulator, schematic capture, and waveform viewer with a large database of components supported by SPICE models from all over the world. Drawing a schematic in LTspice is easy and fast. Thanks to its powerful graphing features, you can visualize the voltages and currents in a circuit, and also the power consumption of its components and much more. This book is about learning to design and simulate electronic circuits using LTspice. Among others, the following topics are treated: DC and AC circuits Signal diodes and Zener diodes Transistor circuits including oscillators Thyristor/SCR, diac, and triac circuits Operational amplifier circuits including oscillators The 555 timer IC Filters Voltage regulators Optocouplers Waveform generation Digital logic simulation including the 74HC family SPICE modeling LTspice is a powerful electronic circuit simulation tool with many features and possibilities. Covering them all in detail is not possible in a book of this size. Therefore, this book presents the most common topics like DC and AC circuit analysis, parameter sweeping, transfer functions, oscillators, graphing, etc. Although this book is an introduction to LTspice, it covers most topics of interest to people engaged in electronic circuit simulation. The book is aimed at electronic/electrical engineers, students, teachers, and hobbyists. Many tested simulation examples are given in the book. Readers do not need to have any computer programming skills, but it will help if they are familiar with basic electronic circuit design and operation principles. Readers who want to dive deeper can find many detailed tutorials, articles, videos, design files, and SPICE circuit models on the Internet. All the simulation examples used in the book are available as files at the webpage of this book. Readers can use these example circuits for learning or modify them for their own applications.

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This bundle contains the popular Elektor Sand Clock for Raspberry Pi Pico and the new Elektor Laser Head Upgrade, offering even more options for displaying the time. Not only can you "engrave" the current time in sand, you can now alternatively write it on a glow-in-the-dark foil or create green drawings. Contents of the bundle Elektor Sand Clock for Raspberry Pi Pico (normal price: €50) Elektor Laser Head Upgrade for Sand Clock (normal price: €35) Elektor Sand Clock for Raspberry Pi (Raspberry Pi-based Eye Catcher) A standard sand clock just shows how time passes. In contrast, this Raspberry Pi Pico-controlled sand clock shows the exact time by "engraving" the four digits for hour and minute into the layer of sand. After an adjustable time the sand is flattened out by two vibration motors and everything begins all over again. At the heart of the sand clock are two servo motors driving a writing pen through a pantograph mechanism. A third servo motor lifts the pen up and down. The sand container is equipped with two vibration motors to flatten the sand. The electronic part of the sand clock consists of a Raspberry Pi Pico and an RTC/driver board with a real-time clock, plus driver circuits for the servo motors. A detailed construction manual is available for downloading. Features Dimensions: 135 x 110 x 80 mm Build time: approx. 1.5 to 2 hours Included 3x Precut acrylic sheets with all mechanical parts 3x Mini servo motors 2x Vibration motors 1x Raspberry Pi Pico 1x RTC/driver board with assembled parts Nuts, bolts, spacers, and wires for the assembly Fine-grained white sand Elektor Laser Head Upgrade for Sand Clock The new Elektor Laser Head transforms the Sand Clock into a clock that writes the time on glow-in-the-dark film instead of sand. In addition to displaying the time, it can also be used to create ephemeral drawings. The 5 mW laser pointer, with a wavelength of 405 nm, produces bright green drawings on the glow-in-the-dark film. For best results, use the kit in a dimly lit room. Warning: Never look directly into the laser beam! The kit includes all the necessary components, but soldering three wires is required. Note: This kit is also compatible with the original Arduino-based Sand Clock from 2017. For more details, see Elektor Magazine 1-2/2017 and Elektor Magazine 1-2/2018.

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Het boek beschrijft de werking van digitale circuits vanaf schakelingen met poorten tot aan de werking van een processor. Van elke schakeling of systeem kan de werking worden gesimuleerd. Hierbij wordt het gedrag van componenten en het verloop van signalen in de tijd op ingangen, uitgangen en relevante verbindingslijnen zichtbaar gemaakt. Zo wordt in detail gevisualiseerd wat het gedrag is van de hardware als er een instructie wordt uitgevoerd. Het boek is opgebouwd uit drie modules die de volgende onderwerpen behandelen: Basismodule Poorten en combinatorische schakelingen. Hoe rekent een computer? Hoe werkt een rekenmachine? Module Digitale Techniek Hoe ontwerp je combinatorische schakelingen m.b.v. Boole-algebra? Sequentiële schakelingen en het ontwerpen van ‘Finite State Systems’. Complexe schakelingen als decoders, multiplexers, asynchrone en synchrone tellers. Module Computerarchitectuur Hoe werkt een ‘loopje’ precies? If-then-else, while en for loops. De Harvard-architectuur. Hoe verloopt de communicatie tussen de aanroeper en de aangeroepene bij aanroep van een procedure? Bij de module Computerarchitectuur worden programma’s in de taal assembler geschreven. Hierbij wordt gebruik gemaakt van een instructieset van slechts 15 instructies. Website Het boek wordt ondersteund door de website: www.science.uva.nl/amstel/SIM-PL. De SIM-PL software en de componenten die nodig zijn voor de simulaties kunnen hiervandaan worden gedownload. Ook staan hier antwoorden op vragen en vraagstukken. Verder zijn op deze site collegesheets voor docenten en voorbeelden van tentamens beschikbaar. Doelgroepen VAN 0 EN 1 TOT PROCESSOR is geschreven voor iedereen die geïnteresseerd is in de basisprincipes waarop de werking van computers berust. Het boek is zeer geschikt voor studenten Informatica, Technische Informatica en E-technology in het hoger onderwijs en het MBO. Het boek kan worden ingezet bij vakken als Digitale Techniek, Embedded Systems en Architectuur & Computerorganisatie. Delen van de eerste drie hoofdstukken zijn opgenomen in modules voor de vakken Informatica, NLT en Wiskunde D in het voortgezet onderwijs. Ben Bruidegom is werkzaam bij het AMSTEL-Instituut van de Universiteit van Amsterdam als ontwikkelaar van educatieve hard- en software en docent aan het College of Science van deze universiteit. Hij heeft tientallen jaren ervaring op het gebied van de technische automatisering en het ontwikkelen van onderwijs hiervoor.

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Elektor GREEN en GOLD leden kunnen deze uitgave hier downloaden. Nog geen lid? Klik hier om een lidmaatschap af te sluiten. De ESP-BLASTEen mini ESP32 raketdrone die ruim 100 km/u vliegt STM32Cube Innovation-ChallengeDoe mee met je beste STM32C5-ontwerp Wireless workshop (1)Radiomodules uitgelegd: 433 MHz CC1101 sub-GHz-transceiver AM-zenderMet sinus- en blokgolfgenerator op Raspberry Pi Pico AudiotronicaDe vervormingsfactor CoffeeCallerOmroepsysteem met mesh-netwerk en Zephyr gebaseerde software Elektor wordt 65Projecten uit voorgaande september- en oktobermaanden Bluetooth Channel Sounding voor het volgen van objectenAfstandsmeting met centimeterprecisie voor het IoT van de volgende generatie 2026: Een AI-odysseeKwantumcomputing is geen volgende GPU Om de cloud te beveiligen, is edge-beveiliging nodig Eerste ervaringen met de HackRF ProPraktische tests met de nieuwe SDR-hardware Modemupgrade van GPRS/2G naar LTE/4GEen draadloos alarmsysteem als voorbeeld Lusvormige antenne met RF-bouwstenenDeel 1: Een zelfbouw kortegolfantenne met instelbare richtingsgevoeligheid Internetradio naar AM-converterMet een ESP32-S3 als zender Err-lectronics Mioty, een overzichtFraunhofer's aanpak van LPWAN WerkbankwijsheidPraktische tips van experts Walter, de compacte IoT-moduleDeel 2: Toegang tot weer- en datadiensten

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Programming with GNU Radio HackRF is an open-source hardware platform developed by Great Scott Gadgets and serves as a versatile front end for software-defined radio (SDR). With HackRF One and its successor, HackRF Pro, users can develop their own SDR applications, build powerful receivers and transmitters, and tackle demanding RF measurement tasks. This book provides a practical introduction to the world of SDR. Step by step, the author shows how powerful SDR projects can be implemented with HackRF – from the fundamentals of RF technology to advanced applications using GNU Radio. In addition to working with SDR Sharp (SDR#), RadioConda, and GNU Radio, the book also covers the fundamentals of modern digital signal processing. Numerous experiments and easy-to-follow practical examples guide readers through topics such as AM, FM, and SSB reception, digital filters, shortwave radio, amateur radio, signal generators, and custom RF projects up to 6 GHz. Whether you are a maker, radio amateur, electronics enthusiast, or SDR beginner, this book provides solid knowledge, practical applications, and the motivation to creatively explore the possibilities of modern SDR technology.

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Analogue Electronics and Microcontrollers Projects Hobbyist electronics can be a fun way to learn new skills that can be helpful to your career. Those who understand the basics of electronics can design their own circuits and projects. However, before you run, you need to learn to walk. It all starts with analogue electronics. You should be familiar with the simple components and circuits and understand their basic behaviors and the issues you may encounter. The best way to do this is through real experiments. Theory alone is not enough. This book offers a large number of practical entry-level circuits, with which everyone can gain the basic experience. Through the widespread introduction of microcontrollers, a new chapter in electronics has begun. Microcontrollers are now performing more and more tasks that were originally solved using discrete components and conventional ICs. Starting out has become easier and easier thanks to platforms including Bascom, Arduino, micro:bit. The book introduces numerous manageable microcontroller applications. It?s now a case of less soldering and more programming.

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The FNIRSI LCR-ST1 is a compact, multifunctional, and smart LCR tester that supports automatic measurements of resistance, capacitance, inductance, diode testing, and continuity. Its 1.14-inch color display combined with a convenient magnetic adsorption function enhances ease of use, while the built-in 250 mAh lithium battery ensures long-lasting performance. The device supports three frequency ranges (100 Hz, 1 kHz and 10 kHz) and offers 0.3 V and 0.6 V RMS test levels for versatile testing applications. The unique tweezer-shaped design of the LCR-ST1 is ideal for delicate tasks in confined spaces and enables fast and accurate testing of electronic components. Its light weight and portable design make it an invaluable tool for both field and laboratory use. Whether you are an experienced engineer or just starting out in electronics, the LCR-ST1 delivers reliable and accurate measurement results, allowing you to complete your tasks with greater efficiency and precision. Features Offers 3 test frequencies (100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz) and 2 test voltage levels. Features automatic component identification for faster and more reliable measurements. High-resolution 1.14-inch color display for clear readouts. Supports automatic data recording and storage. The tweezer tips are made from gold-plated brass for enhanced durability and conductivity. Specifications Resistance Range 10 mΩ – 10 MΩ Capacitance Range 1 pF – 22 mF Inductance Range 1 μh – 10 H Diode On voltage 0.7 V Frequency Test 100 Hz, 1k Hz, 10 KHz Level Test 0.3 V, 0.6 V RMS Parameter Display ESR, D value, Q value, Z value, X value Display 1.14" HD color screen Charging Interface USB-C, 5 V/1 A Power Supply Built-in 250 mAh lithium battery Auto Recognition Measurement Yes Replaceable Tweezer Head Yes Auto Shutdown Yes Data Hold Yes History Record Connect to PC to view and export Dimensions 28 x 19 x 150 mm Weight 41 g Included 1x LCR-ST1 SMD Tweezers 2x Hook Tips 1x Magnetic Patch 1x USB cable 1x Tool bag 1x Manual Downloads Manual Firmware V1.6

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Multilingual DIY Kit (incl. 27 RGB LEDs + Raspberry Pi Pico) Bring some engineering magic to your festive season with the Wordy LED Christmas Tree, a unique DIY electronics kit designed by Elektor. This beautifully engineered 3D Christmas tree combines eleven PCBs, a Raspberry Pi Pico, and 27 addressable RGB LEDs to illuminate Christmas greetings in seven languages: Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish. Unlike ordinary LED trees, each word inside the tree has its own light chamber, creating a refined, softly glowing display without sound or flicker. The LEDs are fully WS2812-compatible and driven via the popular Adafruit NeoPixel library, making custom animations and color effects easy to create. Perfect for makers, tinkerers, and festive electronics fans, this kit offers both an enjoyable build and a striking, conversation-worthy decoration. The Wordy Christmas Tree is your perfect holiday maker project! Features Multilingual greetings (7 languages) milled into the front panel 3D construction from 11 interlocking PCBs Powered by Raspberry Pi Pico 27 individually addressable RGB LEDs (pre-mounted) Smooth fade-in and fade-out animations Fully programmable using the Arduino IDE A 5-V power supply (with micro-USB connector) capable of ≥1 A is recommended for maximum brightness (not included) Dimensions (H x W x D): 130 x 115 x 75 mm Included All required PCBs with LEDs and other SMD parts mounted Raspberry Pi Pico (to be soldered & programmed by the user) 3-way pin header (to be soldered by the user) 3-way pin socket (to be soldered by the user) 4x Self-adhesive dome bumpers Project Page Elektor Labs

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Dieses Buch ist ein Nachschlagewerk mit praxisorientierten Fakten und ausführlichen Erklärungen. Der Autor hat selbst für komplexe Vorgänge oder Formeln praktische kurze Erklärungen und Näherungsrechnungen entwickelt, ohne die Darstellungen zu simplifizieren. Als Ausgangspunkt wurde das Simulationsprogramm Multisim gewählt, das zahlreiche Bauelemente und umfangreiche Messinstrumente zur Verfügung stellt. Damit hat man ein praxisnahes Fachbuch und Nachschlagewerk für Schule, Studium und Weiterbildung im Beruf. Das Buch ist in sechs Kapitel gegliedert: Messgeräte: Arbeiten mit Multimeter, Funktionsgenerator und Zweikanal-Oszilloskop Dioden: Einweg-, Brückengleichrichter, Schalter, Spannungsbegrenzer, Z-Diode, Leuchtdioden, 7-Segment-, Bargraf-Anzeige und Optokoppler Verstärkerschaltungen: Kleinsignalverstärker, ein- und zweistufige Verstärker, Leistungsverstärker für A-, B- und AB-Betrieb, Wechselstromverstärker, Differenzverstärker, FET-Verstärker und Arbeiten mit dem Operationsverstärker Transistoren: Als Schalter eingesetzt, Schaltungen mit komplementären Transistoren, astabile und monostabile Kippschaltung, Flipflops Signalgeneratoren: Rechteckgenerator, Sägezahngenerator, Dreieck-Rechteck-Generator, Sinusgenerator, LC-Oszillator, Phasenschiebergenerator, Wien-Robinson-Generator, Oszillator mit Quarz Impulsformer mit Schmitt-Trigger und Komparator: Schmitt-Trigger mit Transistoren und FET, Dämmerungsschalter, Temperaturüberwachung, TTL-Baustein 74132, Amplitudenbegrenzer, Differenzier- und Integrierschaltung Der in mehrere Hauptkapitel gegliederte Inhalt ist so aufbereitet, dass Nachschlagen und Finden der gewünschten Themen sehr einfach ist. Neben den passiven Bauelementen (Widerständen, Kondensatoren und Spulen) nehmen die Halbleiterelemente (Dioden, Transistoren und Feldeffekttransistoren) sowie Operationsverstärker und digitale Schaltkreise einen breiten Raum ein.

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This bundle contains the AI Fusion Lab Kit – which includes over 450 components – and the book Physical AI with Raspberry Pi, offering a comprehensive, hands-on introduction to AI, electronics, and Python programming. Build practical projects that combine computer vision, voice interaction, sensors, motors, and large language models. The included book guides you step by step from Raspberry Pi setup and hardware control to advanced applications using OpenCV, MediaPipe, YOLO, OpenAI services, and local Ollama models. SunFounder AI Fusion Lab Kit for Raspberry Pi (450+ parts) The AI Fusion Lab Kit transforms a Raspberry Pi into a complete platform for learning artificial intelligence, electronics, and Python programming. It supports Raspberry Pi 5, 4B, 3B+, 3B, and Zero 2 W, as well as popular AI models and services including ChatGPT, Gemini, Grok, DeepSeek, Qwen, Doubao, and Ollama. With its camera, Pan-Tilt HAT, 10-axis sensor module, microphone, speaker, and electronic components, the kit enables users to build interactive AI projects that combine voice, vision, movement, and sensor data. It is suitable for beginners, students, makers, and anyone who wants to explore practical AI applications. Build Multimodal AI Projects Combine large language models with speech recognition, text-to-speech, camera vision, sensors, and breadboard circuits. Create projects that can listen, speak, see, react, and interact with their environment while learning how modern AI systems work. Explore AI Vision and Object Tracking Use YOLO, OpenCV, and MediaPipe to detect and track objects, colors, faces, and human movement. The motorized Pan-Tilt HAT allows the camera to follow targets automatically, demonstrating how computer vision and motion control work together. Voice AI with the Fusion HAT+ The Fusion HAT+ simplifies hardware control through a unified Python library and supports safe Raspberry Pi shutdown. Its integrated microphone and speaker make it easy to develop voice-controlled assistants and other conversational AI applications. Compatible with Raspberry Pi 5, 4B, 3B+, 3B, and Zero 2 W Supports multiple cloud-based and local AI models Includes camera, Pan-Tilt HAT, 10DOF module, microphone, and speaker Projects covering voice AI, computer vision, sensors, and electronics Video lessons, documentation, and sample code Book: Physical AI with Raspberry Pi Using the Raspberry Pi and the AI Fusion Lab Kit, this book takes you step by step from the fundamentals of hardware interfacing to the development of intelligent systems capable of seeing, listening, speaking, and making decisions. Whether you are a student, educator, maker, or professional engineer, you will gain valuable experience through projects designed to build both knowledge and confidence. Beginning with system setup, GPIO programming, sensors, displays, motors, and automation techniques, the book gradually introduces more advanced topics, including speech recognition, text-to-speech synthesis, conversational AI, object recognition, and machine learning. Along the way, you will learn how to create voice-controlled devices, intelligent assistants, camera tracking systems, environmental monitoring solutions, and AI-powered embedded applications. Explore modern technologies such as OpenAI services, Ollama local large language models, OpenCV, MediaPipe, and YOLO object detection while gaining practical experience with real-world applications used in robotics, industrial automation, smart devices, and autonomous systems. You’ll discover how intelligent software can interact with sensors, cameras, motors, and displays to create systems that respond naturally to the world around them. Rather than simply following code examples, you will be encouraged to experiment, customize, and expand every project. The techniques and skills developed throughout this book provide a solid foundation for future innovation, rapid prototyping, research, and product development. If you are ready to move beyond traditional electronics and explore the future of intelligent embedded systems, this book will guide you every step of the way. This bundle contains: SunFounder AI Fusion Lab Kit for Raspberry Pi (normal price: €100) Book: Physical AI with Raspberry Pi (normal price: €45) Not included Raspberry Pi

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This complete Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller programming course features a textbook, a component kit, hands-on projects, and a comprehensive online course with simulations. It is ideal for step-by-step learning of embedded systems programming in MicroPython using a practical, hands-on approach. A Practical Introduction to Embedded Systems with the Raspberry Pi Pico This course is designed for people who are new to embedded systems and looking for a structured, example-driven way to get started. A kit of parts comprising LEDs and resistors, switches, sensors and actuators, displays, a breadboard and wires, and more is included. These are used in the course to illustrate example applications. No prior experience with Arduino or embedded development is required. Each section features hands-on examples and mini projects designed to reinforce key concepts and inspire deeper exploration. By the end of the course, you’ll be able not only to reproduce the examples but also to build on them with your own ideas and applications. What Will You Learn? Microcontroller programming in MicroPython with the Raspberry Pi Pico using the Thonny IDE Working with Digital I/O, read buttons and encoders, control LEDs and relays Read analog inputs, voltages, and analog sensors Generating analog output signals and PWM Use serial communication like UART, I²C and SPI to control displays and read digital sensors and SD cards Managing time Working with interrupts Real-time sensor input and control via buttons, LEDs, and displays Control actuators like relays and servo motors Who Is It For? Students and self-learners exploring embedded systems Makers and IoT enthusiasts looking to improve their hardware skills Educators and trainers seeking ready-to-teach material What's Inside the Box? Access to the full course on the Elektor Academy Pro Learning Platform Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller board + USB cable Book: Programming Microcontrollers in MicroPython Downloadable project files for every module Component Box: 2× LED, red, 5 mm LED, green, 5 mm 3× Resistor, 470 Ω, 0.25 W LDR Potentiometer, 10 kΩ, linear Pushbutton Rotary encoder module Relay module DHT22 Humidity & Temperature Sensor TM1637-compatible 4-digit 7-segment display MPU-6050 IMU with headers SSD1306-compatible I²C OLED display Micro SD card adapter with header Buzzer SG90 Micro Servo ILI9341-compatible SPI 240×320 TFT display 20× Jumper wires Breadboard All Programming Courses (and differences in content) Course Arduino Raspberry Pi Pico with Arduino C/C++ ESP32 with Arduino C/C++ Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython ESP32 with MicroPython Online Course Access to Arduino Course Access to Pico with Arduino C/C++ Course Access to ESP32 with Arduino C/C++ Course Access to Pico with MicroPython Course Access to ESP32 with MicroPython Course Board Uno R3 Raspberry Pi Pico ESP32 Raspberry Pi Pico ESP32 Book Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino Programming Microcontrollers in C/C++ Using Arduino Programming Microcontrollers in MicroPython Programming Microcontrollers in MicroPython Kit 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box 40-piece Component Box

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Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here. Not a member yet? Click here. Audio DSP FX Processor BoardPart 1: Features and Design 50 Years of Elektor in English KiCad 8Top New and Updated Features Elektor MultiCalculator KitAn Arduino-Based Calculator Kit for Electronic Purposes Low-Cost GNSS RTK SystemsWith Centimeter-Level Degree of Accuracy PCB Layout and SafetyHints for a Safe, Long-Life Design of Your Boards Opamp TesterFor Audio and Other Applications Project Update #4: ESP32-Based Energy MeterEnergy Monitoring with MQTT Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer with Waveguide Technology and Multi-Interface PCsAaronia Establishes New Product Segment and Presents First Prototypes at Electronica in Munich Applications of Ynvisible’s E-paper DisplaysTransform Businesses and Shape the Future SMT InductorsCoils and Ferrites — Selection Made Easy Arrow Electronics to Showcase Innovative Technologies at electronica 2024 Using EMI Shielding to Achieve Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliance The Ultimate Tool for Every Electronics EnthusiastUnlock Endless Possibilities with Red Pitaya and 1,000+ Click Boards™ V-LD1 Distance Radar Module Siglent Presents Its New Vector Network Analyzer Platform SNA6000A HDI in the MiddleA New Cost-Effective PCB Pooling Service for Tiny BGAs Remote Access IoT LabOne and Only Solution for Remote Learning and Development in Embedded Industry Challenges of DFM Analysis for Flex and Rigid-Flex Design From Life's ExperienceMicrotechnophobia 3D Christmas TreeA 3D PCB with a Low-Cost, 32-bit Microcontroller Starting Out in Electronics……Continues with the Opamp! An Autonomous Sensor Node (Project Update #1)Reducing Idle Power Consumption with External RTC and Power Switch 2024: An AI OdysseyA Look Back at the Future LED Displays with the MAX7219A Hands-On Approach to a Great Chip Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters VibroTactile GlovesA Breakthrough for Parkinson’s Patients

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