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311 Circuits is the twelfth book in Elektor’s celebrated ‘300’ series. An immense source of inspiration for all electronics enthusiasts and professionals, this book deserves a place not far from the workbench. This book contains circuits, design ideas, tips and tricks from all areas of electronics: audio & video, computers & microcontrollers, radio, hobby & modelling, home & garden, power supplies & batteries, test & measurement, software, not forgetting a section ‘miscellaneous’ for everything that doesn’t fit in one of the other categories. 311 Circuits presents complete solutions for numerous problems, as well as starting points for your own creations. 311 Circuits has been compiled from the 2009, 2010 and 2011 ‘Summer Circuits’ double editions of Elektor magazine. The book is mostly based on readers’ contributions, supplemented by circuits engineered and developed in the Elektor Labs.

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This 233-page e-book is packed with Arduino ideas, explanations, tips, diagrams, programs, PCB layouts, and more – enough to provide days of informative, inspiring, and stimulating reading pleasure! The PDF document includes a table of contents with links to the individual projects, allowing you to easily navigate to the sections you’re most interested in. This way, you can quickly and effortlessly switch between projects and find exactly what you’re looking for.

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This book focuses more on practical aspects than on theory, and it has an contemplative nature, as though the author were viewing amplifiers from above. Knowledge elements are integrated and placed in the context of a broad overview. Even now tube amplifiers still sound great perhaps better than ever before. In part that is because we now have access to modern components such as toroidal output transformers, extremely high-quality resistors and capacitors, and many sorts of wire with good acoustic properties. Modern audio sources, such as CD players, and the latest top-end loudspeakers also enable us to appreciate how well tube amplifiers reproduce music even better than before. This new book from Menno van der Veen looks at tube amplifiers from more than just a theoretical perspective. It focuses primarily on the design phase, where decisions must be taken with regard to the purpose and requirements of the amplifier, and it addresses the following questions: How do these aspects relate to subjective and objective criteria? Which circuits sound the best, and why? If you want to develop and market an amplifier, what problems should you expect? What are the significance and meaning of measurements? Are they still meaningful, or have they lost their relevance? Thanks to the enormous processing power of computers, we can now measure more details than ever before. How can these new methods be applied to tube amplifiers? Previously it was sufficient to measure the frequency range, power and distortion of an amplifier in order to characterize the amplifier. Are these measurements still sufficient, or should we start measuring according to how we hear, using real music signals instead of waveforms from signal generators? The author sketches a future where amplifier measurements that conform to our sense of hearing enable us to arrive at new insights. This book focuses more on practical aspects than on theory, and it has an contemplative nature, as though the author were viewing amplifiers from above. Knowledge elements are integrated and placed in the context of a broad overview.

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35 Projects for Beginners This book is for hobbyists, students and engineers who want to learn C and how to use an mbed ARM microcontroller in an easy and fun way, without the need for cumbersome software installations. ARM mbed microcontroller NXP LPC1768 The projects in this book are meant for beginners in C and ARM microcontrollers. That doesn't mean the projects are simple, but it does mean that they are easy to understand. We use for example USB communications, a subject that is made so easy by the mbed that it is suitable for a beginners book. Cloud technology The mbed NXP LPC1768 uses cloud technology, a revolutionary concept in software development. This means you do not need to install software on your PC in order to program the mbed! The only thing you need is a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer, and a USB port on your PC. You can get access to your project from any PC anywhere in the world and continue working on it. When you are done a few simple mouse clicks transfer the program to your mbed hardware. Of course you can optionally download the projects and store them on your own PC. Features of this Book Learn how to program an mbed ARM microcontroller using cloud technology. No complicated software installation on your PC needed. Learn programming in C by doing fun and interesting projects. No previous experience or knowledge required. Examples of projects in this book: flashing light, timer, light activated switch, digital thermometer, people detector, USB communication, talking microcontroller, debugging, sound switch, and much more - 35 projects in total. Examples of C subjects in this book: variables, commands, functions, program execution, pointers (introduction).

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An Ultra-Rapid Programming Course This book serves as the very first step to for novices to learn Python programming. The book is divided into ten chapters. In the first chapter, readers are introduced to the basics of Python. It has the detailed instructions for installation on various platforms such as macOS, Windows, FreeBSD, and Linux. It also covers the other aspects of Python programming such as IDEs and Package Manager. The second chapter is where the readers get an opportunity to have a detailed hands-on with Python programming. It covers a group of built-in data structures popularly known as Python Collections. The third chapter covers the important concepts of strings, functions, and recursion. The fourth chapter focuses on the Object-Oriented Programming with Python. The fifth chapter discusses most commonly used custom data structures such as stack and queue. The sixth chapter spurs the creativity of the readers with Python’s Turtle graphics library. The seventh chapter explores animations and game development using the Pygame library. The eighth chapter covers handling data stored in a variety of file formats. The ninth chapter covers the area of Image processing with Wand library in Python. The tenth and the final chapter presents an array of assorted handy topics in Python. The entire book follows a step-by-step approach. The explanation of the topic is always followed by a detailed code example. The code examples are also explained in suitable detail and they are followed by the output in the form of text or screenshot wherever possible. Readers will become comfortable with Python programming language by closely following the concepts and the code examples in this book. The book also has references to external resources for readers to explore further. A download of the software code, and links to tutorial videos can be found on the Elektor website.

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This is the second edition of a book aimed at engineers, scientists, and hobbyists who want to interface PCs with hardware projects using graphical user interfaces. Desktop and web-based applications are covered. The programming language used is Python 3, which is one of the most popular languages around: speed of programming being a key feature. The book has been revised and updated with an emphasis on getting the user to produce practical designs with ease – a text editor is all that is required to produce Python programs. Hardware interfacing is achieved using an Arduino Uno as a remote slave. A full description and source code of the communication interface is given in the book. The slave provides digital and analog input and outputs. Multiple Unos can be included in one project with all control code written in Python and running on a PC One project involves a PIC microcontroller with the code provided that can be loaded into the PIC using the Uno. The web applications and server are all implemented in Python, allowing you to access your electronic hardware over the Internet. The Raspberry Pi computer can be used as your web server. An introductory chapter is provided to get you started with using Linux. The book is written for use with Debian or variations including Mint or Ubuntu. All of the programs in the book are freely available, ready to use and experiment with by way of a download from Elektor.

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The ESP8266 from Espressif is a Wi-Fi microchip with full TCP/IP stack and microcontroller capability. It has made waves in the maker community with its low price. But many developers were unhappy with ESP8266's high power consumption. The ESP32, equipped with a ULP (Ultra Low Power) coprocessor, offers a remedy for this. This e-book features a number of projects featuring ESP32 & ESP8266 as well as an interview with the CEO of Espressif Teo Swee Ann. Articles ESP32 for Use in Industry 4.0 Equipment Scrolling Message Display, 512 LEDs controlled over Wi-Fi via an ESP-12F The Connected Greenhouse IoT demonstration project using MQTT and Node-RED VFD-tube Clock with ESP32 with an accurate Internet-derived time ESP32 Low Power DCF77 Emulator with ESP8266 ESP8266 on the Elektor Android I/O Board The Reason Behind the Hugely Popular ESP8266? Wi-Fi Desktop Thermostat Timers for the Wi-Fi Desktop Thermostat PlatformIO, the Universal Programming Tool Weather Display, Visualize current weather data on an LC display GoNotify, a Flexible IoT Sensor Interface ESP32 for Power Users USB Programming Adaptor for ESP8266 Getting started with ESP32 and the Arduino IDE MicroPython, Python for small systems RGBDigit Clock WLAN for Microcontrollers Return of the Wi-Fi Controller Board Compact and Self-contained WLAN

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Nobody has any doubt that valve amplifiers produce a remarkably beautiful sound. They have a lively, deep, clear, and expressive sound, and dynamically they do not appear to have any limitations. The author investigates, in a systematic theoretical approach, the reasons for these beautiful properties. He develops new models for power valves and transformers, thus enabling the designer to determine the properties of the amplifier during the design process. Mathematical models for the coupling of power valve(s) and output transformer are provided. These will generate new insights in a special kind of distortion: the dynamic damping factor distortion (DDFD). With mathematical models in the complex domain, especially the properties at the limits of our hearing range (from 20 Hz to 20 kHz) are investigated and the minimal stability criteria for the amplifier are formulated. The often-applied negative feedback in amplifiers is extensively modelled and discussed in relation to our hearing appreciating. And after all this theory a fine selection of special amplifiers is presented and discussed. You will notice in this book that the author not only writes about amplifier technique, but tells about the way the development of valve amplifiers can have an influence on your daily life; even the usefulness of patents is discussed. Summarizing: new theories and solutions for perfect audio with valve amplifiers. Not only the professional and the DIY-er but everyone who wants to understand valve amplifiers will read this book with much pleasure.

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Learn to use Python productively in real-life scenarios at work and in everyday life If you have mastered the basics of Python and are wanting to explore the language in more depth, this book is for you. By means of concrete examples used in different applications, the book illustrates many aspects of programming (e.g. algorithms, recursion, data structures) and helps problem-solving strategies. Including general ideas and solutions, the specifics of Python and how these can be practically applied are discussed. Python 3 for Science and Engineering Applications includes: practical and goal-oriented learning basic Python techniques modern Python 3.6+ including comprehensions, decorators and generators complete code available online more than 40 exercises, solutions documented online no additional packages or installation required, 100% pure Python Topics cover: identifying large prime numbers and computing Pi writing and understanding recursive functions with memorisation computing in parallel and utilising all system cores processing text data and encrypting messages comprehending backtracking and solving Sudokus analysing and simulating games of chance to develop optimal winning strategies handling genetic code and generating extremely long palindromes Downloads Software

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39 Experiments with Raspberry Pi and Arduino This book is about Raspberry Pi 3 and Arduino camera projects. The book explains in simple terms and with tested and working example projects, how to configure and use a Raspberry Pi camera and USB based webcam in camera-based projects using a Raspberry Pi. Example projects are given to capture images, create timelapse photography, record video, use the camera and Raspberry Pi in security and surveillance applications, post images to Twitter, record wildlife, stream live video to YouTube, use a night camera, send pictures to smartphones, face and eye detection, colour and shape recognition, number plate recognition, barcode recognition and many more. Installation and use of popular image processing libraries and software including OpenCV, SimpleCV, and OpenALPR are explained in detail using a Raspberry Pi. The book also explains in detail how to use a camera on an Arduino development board to capture images and then save them on a microSD card. All projects given in this book have been fully tested and are working. Program listings for all Raspberry Pi and Arduino projects used in this book are available for download on the Elektor website.

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The short-wave technique has a very particular appeal: It can easily bridge long distances. By reflecting short-wave signals off the conductive layers of the ionosphere, they can be received in places beyond the horizon and therefore can reach anywhere on earth. Although technology is striving for ever higher frequencies, and radio is usually listened to on FM, DAB+, satellite or the Internet, modern means of transmission require extensive infrastructure and are extremely vulnerable. In the event of a global power outage, there is nothing more important than the short-wave. Amateur radio is not only a hobby, it’s also an emergency radio system! Elektor’s SDR-Shield is a versatile shortwave receiver up to 30 MHz. Using an Arduino and the appropriate software, radio stations, morse signals, SSB stations, and digital signals can be received. In this book, successful author and enthusiastic radio amateur, Burkhard Kainka describes the modern practice of software defined radio using the Elektor SDR Shield. He not only imparts a theoretical background but also explains numerous open source software tools.

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An Introduction to Circuit Simulation LTspice, developed by Analog Devices, is a powerful, fast, and free SPICE simulator, schematic capture, and waveform viewer with a large database of components supported by SPICE models from all over the world. Drawing a schematic in LTspice is easy and fast. Thanks to its powerful graphing features, you can visualize the voltages and currents in a circuit, and also the power consumption of its components and much more. This book is about learning to design and simulate electronic circuits using LTspice. Among others, the following topics are treated: DC and AC circuits Signal diodes and Zener diodes Transistor circuits including oscillators Thyristor/SCR, diac, and triac circuits Operational amplifier circuits including oscillators The 555 timer IC Filters Voltage regulators Optocouplers Waveform generation Digital logic simulation including the 74HC family SPICE modeling LTspice is a powerful electronic circuit simulation tool with many features and possibilities. Covering them all in detail is not possible in a book of this size. Therefore, this book presents the most common topics like DC and AC circuit analysis, parameter sweeping, transfer functions, oscillators, graphing, etc. Although this book is an introduction to LTspice, it covers most topics of interest to people engaged in electronic circuit simulation. The book is aimed at electronic/electrical engineers, students, teachers, and hobbyists. Many tested simulation examples are given in the book. Readers do not need to have any computer programming skills, but it will help if they are familiar with basic electronic circuit design and operation principles. Readers who want to dive deeper can find many detailed tutorials, articles, videos, design files, and SPICE circuit models on the Internet. All the simulation examples used in the book are available as files at the webpage of this book. Readers can use these example circuits for learning or modify them for their own applications.

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